identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E68793FF93FFFB5FB219A47300FA2E.text	03E68793FF93FFFB5FB219A47300FA2E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Platysognathus Uchima-Taborda, Lugo-De La Hortua, Vega-Badillo, Fernandez & Zaragoza-Caballero	<div><p>Platysognathus, Uchima-Taborda, Lugo-De La Hortúa, Vega-Badillo, Fernández &amp; Zaragoza-Caballero . gen. nov.</p><p>Fig 1 A–E, 2 A–J, 3</p><p>Diagnosis: Head wider than long, feebly dorsoventrally flattened (Fig. 1 C–E). Mandibles large and anteriorly projected, with a wide medial irregularly rhomboid tooth (Fig. 2A). In ventral view submentum expanded and projected, buccal parts such as lacinia and the insertion of the maxillary palps, visible in dorsal view (Fig. 1E). Maxillary palps four segmented, labial three segmented (Fig 2B). Antennae with 11 antennomeres, biflabellate from IV to X, and antennomere XI filiform (Fig 1C). First pro- and mesotarsomere with a ventral tarsal comb, tarsal claws falcated and with basal spines (Fig. 2C–D). Elytra short and lanceolate (Fig. 2E). Genitalia slightly asymmetrical, parameres with apical teeth, flagellum edge serrated (Fig. 2 G, I–J).</p><p>Remarks: This genus differs from the rest of Phengodidae with 11 antennomeres by the presence of this characteristic irregularly rhomboid mandibular tooth. Until now, only Euryognathus, Wittmer 1976 had been described with both 11 antennomeres and mandibular tooth; however, in Euryognathus the mandibular tooth is rhomboid while in Platysognathus is irregularly rhomboid with an acute projection in the middle, giving the appearance of a wide apex tooth due to the transect between its anterior emergence to its apex. Additionally, in Euryognathus the antennal flabellae gradually fuse towards the last antennomere, while in Platysognathus are elongated, simple and non-fused to the antennomere.</p><p>Description:</p><p>Male. Head: Wider than long, longer than pronotum, and dorsoventrally flattened (Fig. 1A,C). In lateral view, eyes semispherical and reduced in relation to temples (Fig. 1B,D). In both dorsal and ventral view eye is smaller than interocular distance (Fig. 1C,E). Interantennal distance wider than scape length and wider than antenal socket width (Fig. 1C–D). Clypeus fused to frons, in dorsal view labrum bilobed surpassing clypeus; maxillary and labial palps insertion, as well as lacinia visible between the mandibles (Fig. 1C,E). Mandibles large, not occluding, in middle with pronounced mandibular tooth which is irregularly rhomboid (Fig. 1C, 2A). In ventral view, with single tentorial fossa, submentum spatulated, anteriorly projected; mandibular insertions large and depressed, strongly marked (Fig. 1E). Galea densely setose, maxillary palps four-segmented, labial palps three-segmented (Fig. 2B). Antennae 11 segmented, antennomeres 4 to 10 biflabellate, flabellae branching from base of antennomere, flabellae and last antennomere filiform (Fig. 1C). Thorax: Pronotum transverse (Fig. 1C–D). Elytra short, slightly surpassing first abdominal segment and longer than pronotum (Fig. 1A, 2E). Hind wings with anal and radial cells both closed; r4 present and r3 absent, AA3 absent fused to CAS (Fig. 2F). Tarsal combs on first pro- and mesotarsomere, tarsal claws falcated (Fig. 2C–D). Abdomen: Abdominal segments simple, without expansions. The aedeagus slightly asymmetrical, central lobe wedge-shaped; paramere apex with truncated tooth (Fig. 2 H–I). Genital flagellum longer than aedeagus length, border of flagellum serrated (Fig. 2J).</p><p>Female and larvae unknown.</p><p>Etymology: This name is a combination of the words “Platys-” meaning broad, wide and “-gnathus” meaning mandible. This name refers to the wide tooth in the mandible.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E68793FF93FFFB5FB219A47300FA2E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Uchima-Taborda, Diego;Hortúa, Andrés Lugo De La;Vega-Badillo, Viridiana;Fernández, Fernando;Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago	Uchima-Taborda, Diego, Hortúa, Andrés Lugo De La, Vega-Badillo, Viridiana, Fernández, Fernando, Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago (2025): Platysognathus gen. nov. a new genus of railroad-worm beetle (Coleoptera: Phengodidae, Mastinocerinae) from Colombian Amazonía. Zootaxa 5636 (3): 577-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5636.3.11, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.3.11
03E68793FF93FFFD5FB21F2074D9F857.text	03E68793FF93FFFD5FB21F2074D9F857.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Platysognathus amazonicus Uchima-Taborda, Lugo-De La Hortua, Vega-Badillo, Fernandez & Zaragoza-Caballero 2025	<div><p>Platysognathus amazonicus Uchima-Taborda, Lugo-De La Hortúa,Vega-Badillo, Fernández &amp; Zaragoza-Caballero sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 1 A–E, 2 A–J, 3</p><p>Examined material:</p><p>Holotype: Colombia: Vaupés: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.0666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.51667/lat -1.0666667)">Estación Biológica Mosiro-Itajura</a> (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.0666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.51667/lat -1.0666667)">Caparú</a>) - <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.0666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.51667/lat -1.0666667)">Centro Ambiental</a>, 1°4’S - 69°31’W, 20/ 01-1/02/2003, 60 msnm, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.0666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.51667/lat -1.0666667)">Trampa Malaise</a>, M. Sharkey, IAvH-E-262320 (Pinned) (1 Male).</p><p>Paratypes: Colombia: Caquetá: PNN Serranía de Chiribiquete - Cuñaré-Amú, Bosque tierra firme, 0°13’N - 72°25’W, 19–22/02/2001, 300 msnm, Trampa Malaise, E. González, IAvH-E-262323 (Alcohol) (1 Male), Ídem except for IAvH-E-262324 (Alcohol) (1 Male). Ídem except for 0°30’N - 72°38’W, 1–5/11/2000, Trampa Malaise, E. González, IAvH-E-262325 (Pinned) (1 Male). Vaupés: Estación Biológica Mosiro-Itajura (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.0666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.51667/lat -1.0666667)">Caparú</a>) - <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.0666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.51667/lat -1.0666667)">Antigua Cabaña</a>, 1°4’S - 69°31’W, 9–14/04/2004, 60 msnm, Trampa Malaise, J. Pinzón, IAvH-E-262318 (Alcohol) (1 Male), IAvH-E-262321 (Alcohol) (1 Male). Ídem except for 21–28/04/2004, 60 msnm, Trampa Malaise, J. Pinzón, IAvH- E-262322 (Alcohol) (1 Male). Ídem except for <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.0666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.51667/lat -1.0666667)">Estación Biológica Mosiro-Itajura</a> (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.0666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.51667/lat -1.0666667)">Caparú</a>) - <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.0666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.51667/lat -1.0666667)">Centro Ambiental</a>, 1°4’S - 69°31’W, 20/ 01–01/02/2003, M. Sharkey, IAvH-E-262319 (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.0666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.51667/lat -1.0666667)">Pinned</a>) (1 Male).</p><p>Diagnosis: Eyes small, semispherical, in dorsal view interocular distance five times eye width, in ventral view 4.7–5 times (Fig. 1C–E). Mandibular tooth irregularly rhomboid with a medial acute projection (Fig. 2A). Maxillary palps around three times longer than labial palps, maxillary palpomere IV sub equal to II + III and obovate; labial palpomere III longer than I + II, fusiform and thickened in the middle (Fig 2B). Scape longer than antennomeres II + III, flabellae short and slightly widened towards the apex (Fig 1C). Pronotum transverse, quadrangular, anterior border straight, posterior border, sides and corners rounded (Fig 1C). Elytra short, surpassing the second abdominal segment (Fig. 1A, 2E). Genitalia asymmetrical, parameres with an apical tooth (Fig. 2 G–I) and genital flagellum with a strongly serrated edge (Fig. 2 J).</p><p>Description: Male.</p><p>Color: Body in general orange yellow, with exception of antennae slightly clearer, elytra brown darkened at middle and lighter towards apex, legs lighter than body (Fig 1 A–B).</p><p>Total length 8.6, width at shoulders high 1.66. Head: Head wider (1.78) than long (1.40), 1.4 times as wide as pronotum (Fig. 1A,C). Eyes small and reduced (0.48) when compared to the temples (0.56), latter straight in its basal half, abruptly expanding near middle, then convex to reach eye (Fig. 1 C,E). Eyes semispherical, posterior border oblique near straight, in lateral view taller (0.48) than long (0.46); interocular distance in dorsal view wide (1.29), five times eye width (0.27) in ventral view 4.7 times (Fig. 1 C–D). Antennal insertions covered with disperse punctuation with foveae smaller than its lumen, punctuation similar in vertex. Interantennal distance wide (0.68) 1.8 to 2 times scape length (0.37) (Fig 1C). Frontoclypeus anterior border undulated, concave, weakly projected medially, this projection apically truncated, with sparse and scarce punctuations. In dorsal view, membranous and bilobed labrum surpassing frontoclypeus and lacinia; insertion of maxillary and labial palps visible between mandibles (Fig 1C). Mandibles prominent (1.05) mandibular tooth irregularly rhomboid with medial acute projection (0.27), tooth angles feebly projected giving a bilobed tooth appearance, in general both teeth asymmetrical, left convex, right sinuated (Fig. 1C, 2A). Mentum spatulated, anteriorly projected; mandibular insertion large, depressed, strongly pronounced (Fig. 1E). Maxillary palps three times longer (0.8) than labial palps (0.24); maxillary palps with thickened insertion, palpomere I small, 2.5 times shorter than II, II longer than III, both fusiform, IV sub equal to II + III and obovate; first labial palpomere shorter than the others, II shorter than III, III longer than I + II; I–II cylindrical, III fusiform medially thickened (Fig. 2B). Antennae (2.48) feebly surpassing pronotum posterior border, flabellae short and expanding towards apex, flabellae of antennomeres IV–VI from 2.5 to 2.9 times longer than its respective antennomere. Scape (0.37) longer than II + III (0.23), last antennomere S-shaped (Fig 1C–E). Thorax: Pronotum rectangular, wider (1.56) than long (1.23), posterior border straight feebly undulated, lateral borders basally straight, curving from last quarter to apex; posterior corners right-angled, not expanded, posterior border and corners curved, lateral borders not expanded. Disc punctuation superficial, lumen feebly chagrined and greater than puncture diameter. Prosternum posterior border and procoxa external border straight (Fig. 1D–E). Scutellum nearly as wide (0.26) as long (0.28), posterior border convex. Elytra short, subtriangular, length (2.19) 2.73 times its width at shoulder height (0.80), 1.7 times pronotum length, surpassing first abdominal segment; covered by disperse punctation, lumen subequal to puncture diameter, punctuation denser towards apex (Fig 1A, 2E). Hind wing length (4.3) 2.38 times width (1.8), radial cell closed, r4 complete reaching radial cell and RP, r3 absent, reduced RP not reaching half of MP1 + 2, midfield with five main veins MSP, MP3, MP4, CuA2, CAS; CuA1, AA4 and CuP reduced and fused, AA3 + 4 straight, AA3 fused to CAS, AA4 absent, AP well marked, AP3 + 4 long (Fig. 2F). Mesosclerite and metasclerite sparsely punctuated, puncture diameter smaller than lumen. Tibiae 1.2 to 1.5 times longer than tarsi; tarsal combs on first pro- and mesotarsomere, with seven and nine denticles respectively, first tarsomere nearly as large as 2nd and 3rd together, fourth smaller than the rest and one quarter of the length of the first, tarsal claws falcate with two spines at base, claws separated in straight angle (Fig. 2B–C). Abdomen: Tergites and ventrites surface lustrous and covered by superficial punctuation. Genitalia with central lobe wedge-shaped; left paramere smaller than right, paramere apex with one truncated flattened tooth, covered with long and clear setae. Left paramere curves and anchors slightly behind the central lobe, while the right paramere protrudes anteriorly (Fig. 2 G–I). Genital flagellum 1.5 times aedeagus length, edge of this flagellum strongly serrated (Fig. 2J).</p><p>Distribution: Amazonic ecosystems, in the biogeographical province Imeri (Morrone et al. 2022), known to occur in the PNN “Serranía del Chibiriquete” and in the biological station “Mosiro Itajurá-Caparú” (Fig. 3).</p><p>Etymology: the species name “ amazonicus ” refers to the amazonic ecosystems where the species is distributed, the PNN “Serranía del Chibiriquete” and in the biological station “Mosiro Itajurá-Caparú”.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E68793FF93FFFD5FB21F2074D9F857	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Uchima-Taborda, Diego;Hortúa, Andrés Lugo De La;Vega-Badillo, Viridiana;Fernández, Fernando;Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago	Uchima-Taborda, Diego, Hortúa, Andrés Lugo De La, Vega-Badillo, Viridiana, Fernández, Fernando, Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago (2025): Platysognathus gen. nov. a new genus of railroad-worm beetle (Coleoptera: Phengodidae, Mastinocerinae) from Colombian Amazonía. Zootaxa 5636 (3): 577-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5636.3.11, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.3.11
03E68793FF97FFFF5FB21DBE75D6F92C.text	03E68793FF97FFFF5FB21DBE75D6F92C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mastinocerinae	<div><p>Key for the identification of the Mastinocerinae genera with 11-segmented antenna</p><p>Adapted from Vega-Badillo et al. 2023 and Zaragoza-Caballero &amp; Pérez-Hernández 2014.</p><p>4 Antennae 11 segmented................................................................................ 5</p><p>5 Interantennal distance longer than scape length............................................................. 6</p><p>5’ Interantennal distance subequal to or less than scape length.................................................. 6b</p><p>6 Antennal flabellae cylindrical, ventral tarsal combs present on first and second protarsomeres and first mesotarsomere....................................................................... Microphrixothrix Roza &amp; Mermudes 2019</p><p>6’ Antennal flabellae lanceolated, ventral tarsal combs present only on first pro– and mesotarsomere.................... 6a</p><p>6a Mandible simple, without any tooth. Antennal flabellae of antennomeres IV–X fully developed..... Euryopa Gorham, 1881</p><p>6a’ Mandible with a conspicuous tooth on its inner border, antennal flabellae variable................................ 6*</p><p>6* Mandibular tooth rhomboid, antennal flabellae on antennomeres IX–X fused to its correspondent antennomere, which gives to these antennomeres the appearance of being inflated and without rami.................... Euryognathus Wittmer, 1976</p><p>6*’ Mandibular tooth irregularly rhomboid with a medial acute projection (Fig. 2A), flabellae on antennomeres IX–X fully developed....................................................................... Platysognathus gen. nov.</p><p>6b All tarsomeres without ventral combs................................................ Steneuryopa Wittmer, 1986</p><p>6b’ Tarsal combs present only in the first protarsomere.......................................................... 7</p><p>7 Mandibles projected and not crossed, pointed forward obliquely from head............ Cleidella Roza &amp; Mermudes 2020</p><p>7’ Mandibles not projected forward and crossed.................................... Halffterus Vega-Badillo et.al. 2023</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E68793FF97FFFF5FB21DBE75D6F92C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Uchima-Taborda, Diego;Hortúa, Andrés Lugo De La;Vega-Badillo, Viridiana;Fernández, Fernando;Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago	Uchima-Taborda, Diego, Hortúa, Andrés Lugo De La, Vega-Badillo, Viridiana, Fernández, Fernando, Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago (2025): Platysognathus gen. nov. a new genus of railroad-worm beetle (Coleoptera: Phengodidae, Mastinocerinae) from Colombian Amazonía. Zootaxa 5636 (3): 577-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5636.3.11, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.3.11
