identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F12D08FFDCFFD3A046EBE1E3CBFBA0.text	03F12D08FFDCFFD3A046EBE1E3CBFBA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gondwanosaurus bijoriensis Lydekker 1885	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> GONDWANOSAURUS BIJORIENSIS LYDEKKER, 1885 </p>
            <p> Holotype: GSI 2202, a poorly preserved large skull and mandible, articulated with the anterior part of the axial skeleton, including the pectoral girdle, c. 15 articulated vertebrae with ribs. Most of the specimen is preserved as a natural mould and originally possessed a ventral scute field that was lost after preparation (Lydekker, 1885: 2).</p>
            <p>Type locality and horizon: Bijori Village, Madhya Pradesh, India. Bijori Formation (Satpuna Basin), Lopingian (Lydekker, 1885; Werneburg &amp; Schneider, 1996).</p>
            <p> Remarks: Lydekker described the specimen and considered it more specialized than  Archegosaurus and closer to the ‘higher labyrinthodonts’ such as  Mastodonsaurus (Lydekker, 1885) . Romer included the species within Capitosauroidea (Romer, 1947: 212), a situation questioned by Watson (1962: 259) and Neaverson, who instead considered it a rhinesuchid (Neaverson, 1955: 373). More recently, Werneburg &amp; Schneider (1996) also considered the specimen as a rhinesuchid insertae sedis and the taxon as a nomen vanum. Schoch &amp; Milner (2000) consider the specimen as a rhinesuchid and  G. bijorensis as a nomen dubium. </p>
            <p> Status: The absence of a retroarticular process in the mandible and a ventrally projected paroccipital process, which also extends posteriorly slightly beyond the tip of the tabular horn, allow us to consider the specimen as a rhinesuchid. Nevertheless and according to the original description and figures, the specimen is mostly preserved as a natural mould and lacks further anatomical details. Thus, we considered  G. bijorensis a nomen dubium (see discussion nomen dubium vs. nomen vanum in Mones, 1989). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFDCFFD3A046EBE1E3CBFBA0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFDDFFD3A219EC3BE381FB27.text	03F12D08FFDDFFD3A219EC3BE381FB27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eryops oweni Lydekker 1890	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> ERYOPS OWENI LYDEKKER, 1890 </p>
            <p> Holotype: BMNH R. 466, a right hemimandible.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFDDFFD3A219EC3BE381FB27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFDDFFD6A09EEDEEE3E7FA76.text	03F12D08FFDDFFD6A09EEDEEE3E7FA76.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhinesuchus whaitsi BROOM 1908	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> RHINESUCHUS WHAITSI BROOM, 1908</p>
            <p> R. whaitsi Broom, 1908: 373 , original description. </p>
            <p> R. broomianus von Huene, 1931: 4 (synonymized herein). </p>
            <p> R. beaufortensis Boonstra, 1940: 197 [(synonymized by Schoch &amp; Milner (2000: 72)]. </p>
            <p> Muchocephalus muchos Watson, 1962: 229 (synonymized herein). </p>
            <p>Holotype: SAM-PK-1212 comprises a basicranium (Fig. 1A–F), seven fragments of the middle portion of the left hemimandible, 11 skull fragments including part of the left anterolateral side of the skull (putative fragments of the maxilla, palatine and ectopterygoid and jugal) and some pieces of the posterior right side of the skull (quadratojugal, quadrate ramus of the pterygoid and quadrate).</p>
            <p> Type locality and horizon: Leeu-Gamka (‘Fraserburg Road Station’), Prince Albert District (Western Cape Province, South Africa);  Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone, Guadalupian (Rubidge et al., 2013) . </p>
            <p> Referred specimens: A portion of a palate from Zeekoegat, Prince Albert District (Western Cape Province) mentioned by Broom (1908: 373) without any reference to a collection, and currently lost. SAM-PK-3009 (Figs 2A–D, 3A–D), a nearly complete skull and mandibles (left hemimandible and three fragments of the right hemimandible) from an unknown locality near Beaufort West and considered to be from the ‘  Endothiodon zone’ according to Haughton (1915: 67). A specimen listed by Haughton (1925) as the posterior half of a skull from the ‘  Tapinocephalus beds’ of Blaauw Krantz (Prince Albert District, Western Cape Province), housed in the collections of the South African Museum, but without any reference to a collection number (Haughton, 1925: 228). SAM-PK-9135, a poorly preserved skull in six pieces, which includes the right margin of the skull and the posterior part of the palate (basicranial region), and part of the medium third of the left hemimandible, from the Prince Albert District (Farm Vogelfontein, Western Cape Province),  Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone (Watson, 1962: 226) . UMZC T. 64 (= DMSW B. 118) a partial basicranium collected on the farm Zeekoegat, Prince Albert District (Western Cape Province, South Africa),  Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone (Watson, 1962: 226) . </p>
            <p> Remarks: In 1905 Broom discovered a small unidentifiable portion of an amphibian palate covered with a shagreen of teeth at Zeekoegat, Prince Albert District (Broom, 1908: 373). Two years later, a second fragmentary skull (SAM-PK-1212) of a ‘new Labyrinthodont’ was exhumed near ‘Fraserburg Road Station’ (now Leeuw-Gamka), and together the specimen from Zeekoegat, Broom erected the new taxon,  R. whaitsi (Broom, 1908: 373) . Haughton (1915) revised Broom’s  Rhinesuchus species and referred SAM-PK-3009 to  R. whaitsi , but wrongly designated it as the paratype of  R. whaitsi (Haughton, 1925: 229) . Watson (1919: 11, fig. 3) reported that Broom had re-examined the  R. whaitsi material and sent him a figure of the palate from which it was apparent that it was SAM-PK-3009. In 1925, Haughton mentioned a specimen comprising the posterior half of the skull ‘encrusted with a thin layer of matrix’, from the ‘  Tapinocephalus zone beds’ of BlaauwKrantz, as  R. whaitsi . He made no reference to the specimen number, only that it was housed in the South African Museum (Haughton, 1925: 228). Boonstra (1940) re-studied SAM-PK-3009 and erected the new species  R. beaufortensis , based on the differences in skull size and proportions with the holotype of  R. whaitsi (Boonstra, 1940: 197) . Watson (1962) assigned to  R. whaitsi two additional specimens from the Prince Albert District, ‘the posterior end of a lower jaw’ (SAM-PK 9135) from Vogelfontein and a specimen (UMZC T. 64 = DMSW B. 118) from Zeekoegat that consisted of a partial basicranial region (Watson, 1962: 226). Specimen SAM-PK 9135 includes several fragments of the posterior half of a skull plus a partial mandible encrusted in a thin layer of a crystallized mineral, all of the same individual. It is very probable that the posterior half of the skull of SAM-PK 9135 represents the same skull fragment referred by Haughton in 1925 as  R. whaitsi (see ‘  Rhinesuchus whaitsi Broom, 1908 ’ section), although he mentioned that it was collected on farm Blaauw Krantz, also in Prince Albert District. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFDDFFD6A09EEDEEE3E7FA76	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFD6FFD9A3F5EDB3E316FC52.text	03F12D08FFD6FFD9A3F5EDB3E316FC52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhinesuchus Broom 1908	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> ‘  RHINESUCHUS MAJOR’ BROOM, 1912 </p>
            <p>Holotype: MA 60c 1-1a, two fragments of a skull, one includes a ventral aspect of the skull table, and the another a fragment of the left side of the palate with a piece of the mandible attached.</p>
            <p> Type locality and horizon: Collected from an unknown sandstone quarry just outside the town of Senekal, Free State Province, South Africa (see discussion in  U. senekalensis ). </p>
            <p> Remarks: The skull MA 60c 1-1a was originally sent to Broom by Dr. Mangold for description a month after the large temnospondyl specimens from Senekal were discovered (Broom, 1912: 79). Thus, the brief description of  R. major by Broom (1912) was preceded by a few months by van Hoepen original description of ‘  Myriodon ’ senekalensis (van Hoepen, 1911) . Schoch &amp; Milner (2000) considered  R. major as a junior synonym of  U. senekalensis (van Hoepen, 1911) van Hoepen, 1917 . </p>
            <p> Status: In the present revision we do not find any differences between the holotype specimens to justify Broom’s  R. major thus, and in agreement with Schoch &amp; Milner (2000), it is considered herein a junior synonym of  U. senekalensis . </p>
            <p>‘ PHRYNOSUCHUS WHAITSI’ BROOM, 1913 Holotype: SAM-PK-2357, a poorly preserved small skull associated with an incomplete, partially articulated, postcranial skeleton.</p>
            <p> Type locality and horizon: Farm Droogvoetsfontein, Fraserburg District (Cape Province, South Africa) from the ‘  Endothiodon zone’ (Broom, 1913: 6) later considered ‘  Tapinocephalus or  Cistecephalus zone’ according to Chernin &amp; Kitching (1977: 111); at present, these horizons correspond, respectively, to the  Pristerognathus and  Tropidostoma assemblage zones, Guadalupian–Lopingian (Rubidge et al., 2013). </p>
            <p> Remarks: Romer (1966) regarded  P. whaitsi as a brachyopid, but it was later removed from this group by Welles &amp; Estes (1969). Chernin &amp; Kitching (1977) considered the specimen as  Rhinesuchus sp. indet. Subsequently, Schoch &amp; Milner (2000) listed it as an indeterminate rhinesuchid and Damiani &amp; Rubidge (2003) as a Temnospondyl indet. </p>
            <p> Status: In the present revision, and in agreement with Damiani &amp; Rubidge (2003), the poorly preserved type specimen is considered Temnospondyli indet. and  Phrynosuchus whaitsi nomen dubium. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFD6FFD9A3F5EDB3E316FC52	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFD7FFD9A3D6EEEFE2AFFA9F.text	03F12D08FFD7FFD9A3D6EEEFE2AFFA9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laccocephalus Watson 1919	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> ‘  LACCOCEPHALUS INSPERATUS’ WATSON, 1919 </p>
            <p> Holotype: BMNH R532, a partially preserved skull in two pieces. The larger one corresponds to the dorsal aspect of the palate (mainly the left side) where most of the bones are broken and have lost their dorsal-most surface. The second piece is a basicranial region, which was detached from the larger fragment, apparently during preparation.</p>
            <p> Type locality and horizon: As this specimen, with no locality information other than from ‘near Mr. Hope’s farm, Orange Free State’ (Watson, 1919: 18), was presented to the Natural History Museum (formerly the British Museum of Natural History) by Dr. Orpen from Smithfield, Watson concluded that the exact locality should be close to that town but its stratigraphic provenance is unknown. Later, Watson (1962: 255) considered  Laccocephalus to be of Early Triassic age without providing any justification for this assumption. </p>
            <p> Remark s: The specimen is preserved in a way that the bones of the palate are broken longitudinally thus exposing their internal structure. Haughton (1925) reviewed the taxon and the characters used by Watson to ally it to  Rhinesuchidae , and indicated that the specimen seems to be ‘closer to  Capitosaurus than to  Rhinesuchus ’ (Haughton, 1925: 232). Romer (1947) allied  Laccocephalus to  Uranocentrodon and included it under his  Uranocentrodontidae (Romer, 1947: 315) . Schoch &amp; Milner (2000) considered  L. insperatus a junior synonym of  U. senekalensis van Hoepen. In contrast, Damiani &amp; Rubidge (2003) regarded  L. insperatus as nomina dubia and the specimen as Stereospondyli indet. </p>
            <p> Statu s: There are no characters in the holotype that justify its inclusion in  Rhinesuchidae , as originally proposed by Watson (1919). The specimen certainly needs further preparation but in its present state is here considered as a Stereospondyli indet. and L. inspera- t us as nomen dubium, in agreement with Damiani &amp; Rubidge (2003). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFD7FFD9A3D6EEEFE2AFFA9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFD7FFD9A3B7EC4BE014F90B.text	03F12D08FFD7FFD9A3B7EC4BE014F90B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhinesuchus Broom 1908	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> ‘  RHINESUCHUS WOLGOD-VINENSIS’ YACOVLEV, 1916 </p>
            <p> Holotype: PIN 2253 /16–19, a partial skull whose location is at present unknown.</p>
            <p>Type locality and horizon: The specimen described by Yacovlev comes from beds attributed to the Early Triassic Vetluga Series of Russia (Vetluga River, Gorky Province, Russia), although the exact stratigraphic location of the specimen is unknown.</p>
            <p> Remarks: The skull described by Yacovlev (1916: fig. 1) as the type of  Rhinesuchus volgod-vinensis is currently considered a wetlugasaurid, and the species a nomen dubium (Schoch &amp; Milner, 2000: 100). </p>
            <p> Status: In the present revision and in agreement with Schoch &amp; Milner (2000), the type specimen lacks any characters that justify its inclusion in  Rhinesuchidae , and the species  R. volgod-vinensis is also considered a nomen dubium. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFD7FFD9A3B7EC4BE014F90B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFD7FFDBA07DED1AE0C4FEDA.text	03F12D08FFD7FFDBA07DED1AE0C4FEDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhinesuchus capensis Haughton 1925	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> RHINESUCHUS CAPENSIS HAUGHTON, 1925</p>
            <p> Rhinesuchus capensis Haughton, 1925: 231 , original description; Schoch &amp; Milner (2000: 72); Damiani &amp; Rubidge (2003: 30). </p>
            <p>Holotype: SAM-PK-7419, a fairly complete large skull lacking the right posterolateral border and part of the table at the level of the orbits (Fig. 5A–D). The surface of the bones is poorly preserved, probably damaged during preparation; sutures are faintly defined and seem to be partially obliterated by the coarse ornamentation.</p>
            <p> Type locality and horizon: Farm Spitzkop, Graaff-Reinet District [Eastern Cape Province, South Africa)], from the  Tropidostoma Assemblage Zone (= ‘  Endothiodon zone’ Haughton, 1925), Lopingian (Rubidge et al., 2013). </p>
            <p> Remarks: Included under the same number as the holotype (SAM-PK-7419) there are two fragments of a nearly complete left hemimandible, including the articular region. Nevertheless, in his original description Haughton considered that the species could be conspecific with  R. africanus but ‘as the type possesses no lower jaw, the matter must remain in doubt’ (Haughton, 1925: 231). It thus appears that the mandible was not part of the original holotypic specimen, and its inclusion as part of the holotype is unknown. </p>
            <p> Status: Valid as  Rhinesuchoides capensis (Haughton, 1925) comb. nov. (see Discussion) </p>
            <p>Diagnosis: Large-sized rhinesuchids with wide and long-snouted skull showing a high degree of ossification; characterized by poorly developed sensory sulci with the infraorbital sulcus gently curved without flexures; vomers with a transverse vomerine tooth row anteriorly concave between the fangs; narrow parasphenoid plate with the pockets located medially to the basicranial sutures.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFD7FFDBA07DED1AE0C4FEDA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFD5FFDBA3EFE988E3B4F8A9.text	03F12D08FFD5FFDBA3EFE988E3B4F8A9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laccosaurus watsoni Haughton. In 1925	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> LACCOSAURUS WATSONI HAUGHTON, 1925</p>
            <p> Laccosaurus watsoni Haughton, 1925: 236 , original description. Damiani &amp; Rubidge (2003: 29). </p>
            <p> Uranocentrodon senekalensis Romer (1947: 200)</p>
            <p> Uranocentrodon watsoni (Haughton, 1925) – Ochev (1966: 157), nov. comb. </p>
            <p> Uranocentrodon sp. – Schoch &amp; Milner (2000: 72). </p>
            <p>Holotype: SAM-PK-4010, an almost complete and well-preserved skull without mandible, where only the area around the right orbit is missing (Fig. 6A–D).</p>
            <p> Type locality and horizon: Farm Ferndale, Graaff-Reinet District (Eastern Cape Province, South Africa),  Dicynodon Assemblage Zone (‘  Cistecephalus zone’ sensu Haughton, 1925: 236), Lopingian (Rubidge et al., 2013). </p>
            <p> Remarks: Romer suggested that  L. watsoni might be synonymized with  U. senekalensis van Hoepen (Romer, 1947: 200) . Schoch &amp; Milner (2000) considered the specimen as a  Rhinesuchidae insertae sedis (Schoch &amp; Milner, 2000: 74) and  Laccosaurus as a synonym of  Uranocentrodon van Hoepen (Schoch &amp; Milner, 2000: 72) . In contrast, Damiani &amp; Rubidge (2003) regarded  L. insperatus as valid taxon. </p>
            <p> Status: In the present study and in agreement to Damiani &amp; Rubidge (2003),  L. watsoni is considered a valid taxon. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis: Medium-sized rhinesuchid with relatively short snout (preorbital distance approximately two times the postorbital), characterized by the following combination of derived character states: well-developed sensory sulci, infra-orbital sulcus with a step/Slike flexure between the orbit and the naris; width of interpterygoid vacuity pair greater than 90% of their length; vomers with field of denticles in symmetrical raised patches medially to the choanae; straight transverse vomerine tooth row; quadrate condyles projected behind the tip of the tabular horns; parasphenoid plate subrectangular, longer than wide, with a flat ventral surface; well-developed ‘pockets’, close to each other, thus the cristae musculares converge in the midline.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFD5FFDBA3EFE988E3B4F8A9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFD2FFDCA3B4EE62E52EF907.text	03F12D08FFD2FFDCA3B4EE62E52EF907.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhinesuchus Broom 1908	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> ‘  RHINESUCHUS BROOMIANUS’ VON HUENE, 1931 </p>
            <p> Holotype: GPIT von Huene, 1931 F.1, a skull missing most of the right half of the table and palate and without mandible associated (Fig. 8A, B).</p>
            <p> Type locality and horizon: Farm Kuilspoort, Beaufort West District (Western Cape Province, SouthAfrica) from the  Tropidostoma Assemblage Zone (= ‘  Endothiodon ’ von Huene, 1931: 4), Lopingian (Rubidge et al., 2013). </p>
            <p> Status: In the present revision  R. broomianus von Huene is considered as a junior synonym of  Rhinesuchus whaitsi Broom.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFD2FFDCA3B4EE62E52EF907	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFD2FFDDA02CEE81E450F998.text	03F12D08FFD2FFDDA02CEE81E450F998.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhinesuchoides tenuiceps Olson & Broom 1937	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> RHINESUCHOIDES TENUICEPS OLSON &amp; BROOM, 1937</p>
            <p> Rhinesuchus avenanti Boonstra, 1940: 195 [synonymized by Watson (1962: 72)]. </p>
            <p> Rhinesuchus rubidgei Broom, 1948: 579 [synonymized by Schoch &amp; Milner (2000: 71)]. </p>
            <p>370 C. A. MARSICANO ET AL.</p>
            <p> Holotype: FMNH UC 1519, a skull (Fig. 9A–D) associated with a partial left mandibular ramus.</p>
            <p> Type locality and horizon: Farm Stinkfontein, Prince Albert District (Western Cape Province, South Africa) from the  Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone, Guadalupian (Rubidge et al., 2013) . </p>
            <p> Remarks: The mandibular ramus is, at present, considered missing. Schoch &amp; Milner (2000) referred to three additional specimens of  R. tenuiceps, BP /1/2741, BP/1/2931 and BP/1/2958. Specimen BP/1/2741 is a therapsid pelvis and specimens BP/1/2931 and </p>
            <p>BP/1/2958 are very small undetermined rhinesuchid juveniles (see Damiani &amp; Rubidge, 2003).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFD2FFDDA02CEE81E450F998	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFD0FFDEA3C9EBAEE1A0FA62.text	03F12D08FFD0FFDEA3C9EBAEE1A0FA62.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhinesuchus Broom 1908	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> ‘  RHINESUCHUS AVENANTI’ BOONSTRA, 1940 </p>
            <p>Holotype: SAM-PK-11489, a skull with no mandible associated (Fig. 10B).</p>
            <p> Type locality and horizon: Farm Mynhardts Kraal, Beaufort West District (Western Cape Province, South Africa), from the ‘  Tapinocephalus zone’ according to Boonstra (1940), which now corresponds to either the  Tapinocephalus or  Pristerognathus assemblage zones, Guadalupian (Rubidge et al., 2013). </p>
            <p> Status: In the present revision and after examination of the holotype specimens,  R. avenanti Boonstra is considered a junior synonym of  R. tenuiceps Olson and Broom , as was originally suggested by Watson (1962). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFD0FFDEA3C9EBAEE1A0FA62	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFD0FFDEA3ADEE73E432FBAC.text	03F12D08FFD0FFDEA3ADEE73E432FBAC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhinesuchus Broom 1908	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> ‘  RHINESUCHUS BEAUFORTENSIS’ BOONSTRA, 1940 </p>
            <p>Holotype: SAM-PK-3009, an almost complete skull (Figs 2A–D, 3A–D), with two-thirds of the left hemimandible and three fragments of the right hemimandible, including the anteriormost third and the articular region.</p>
            <p> Type locality and horizon: Collected from an unknown locality near Beaufort West (Western Cape Province, South Africa) and referred to the ‘  Endothiodon zone’ by Haughton (1915: 67), at present the  Tropidostoma Assemblage Zone, Lopingian (Rubidge et al., 2013) . </p>
            <p> Remarks: The species  R. beaufortensis was based only on differences on skull proportions and size relative to the holotype of  R. whaitsi (Boonstra, 1940) . </p>
            <p> Status: In the present revision,  R. beaufortensis is considered a junior synonym of  Rhinesuchus whaitsi Broom , as has also been suggested in previous reviews (Schoch &amp; Milner, 2000; Damiani &amp; Rubidge, 2003). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFD0FFDEA3ADEE73E432FBAC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFD0FFDEA07DEC01E520F8FB.text	03F12D08FFD0FFDEA07DEC01E520F8FB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhinesuchus Broom 1908	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> ‘  RHINESUCHUS RUBIDGEI’ BROOM, 1948 </p>
            <p>Holotype: RC 73 (Fig. 10A), a complete skull with the palate unprepared.</p>
            <p> Type locality and horizon: The specimen was collected at Wimbledon from exposures of the ‘  Cistecephalus zone’ (Haughton, 1915) in the Graaff-Reinet district (Eastern Cape Province, South Africa), Lopingian (Rubidge et al., 2013). </p>
            <p>R e f e r r e d s p e c i m e n s: R C 6 4 5, a c r u s h e d a n d distorted skull.</p>
            <p>Remarks: Broom described the new taxon in a short paper but did not provide reasons for the creation of the new species apart from saying that the specimen is ‘in a suitable condition to be made the type’ (Broom, 1948: 579). The author mentioned a second skull (RC 645) from the Rubidge Collection as belonging to the same new species (Broom, 1948: 579).</p>
            <p> Status: In the present revision and after examination of the holotype,  R. rubidgei Broom is considered a junior synonym of  R. tenuiceps Olson and Broom , as was previously proposed by Schoch &amp; Milner (2000) and Damiani &amp; Rubidge (2003). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFD0FFDEA07DEC01E520F8FB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFD1FFC0A3F4EEBDE2F2FA87.text	03F12D08FFD1FFC0A3F4EEBDE2F2FA87.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lydekkerina Parrington 1948	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> ‘  LYDEKKERINA KITCHINGI’ BROOM, 1950 </p>
            <p>Holotype: BP/1/214, complete skull slightly dorso-ventrally compressed without mandible associated.</p>
            <p> Type locality and horizon: Farm Ringsfontein in Murraysburg District (Western Cape Province, South Africa) from the  Dicynodon Assemblage Zone</p>
            <p> (= ‘  Daptocephalus zone’ Kitching, 1978), Lopingian (Rubidge et al., 2013). </p>
            <p>Referred specimens: BP/1/215, skull with mandible in articulation, somewhat laterally distorted with the surface of the bones eroded, probably due to over-preparation.</p>
            <p> Remarks: Broom originally described the specimen as a new species of the recently described  Lydekkerina Parrington, 1948 , because of its similar shape, size and also stratigraphic provenance, the ‘  Lystrosaurus Beds’ (Broom, 1950: 251). Kitching (1978) was the first to suggest that  L. kitchingi might be a rhinesuchid because it was collected, instead, in the Permian ‘  Daptocephalus zone’ rather than Early Triassic beds. Furthermore, Kitching suggested that  Muchocephalus muchos Watson, 1962, which was found in close association, might be the adult and  L. kitchingi the juvenile of the same taxon (Kitching, 1978: 102); he also referred an additional ‘92 skulls with associated skeletal remains’ collected from the same stratigraphic horizon on the adjacent Farm Beeldhouersfontein (Kitching, 1978: 102). Kitching (1978) mentioned a paratype specimen that was also collected from Ringsfontein, but did not provide a specimen number, although Broom (1950) did not designate a paratype. Damiani &amp; Rubidge (2003: 29) considered both  Muchocephalus muchos and  L. kitchingi junior synonyms of  L. watsoni Haughton. In contrast, Schoch &amp; Milner (2000: 70) created the new combination  Muchocephalus kitchingi to include both type specimens. </p>
            <p> Status:  Lydekkerina kitchingi Broom is based on a poorly preserved small juvenile specimen; therefore, we considered the species as a nomen dubium and the specimen a  Rhinesuchidae indet. due to the unique structure of the paraoccipital process in the clade (see Discussion). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFD1FFC0A3F4EEBDE2F2FA87	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFCEFFC0A078ED1EE433F94D.text	03F12D08FFCEFFC0A078ED1EE433F94D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhinesuchus Broom 1908	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> ‘  RHINESUCHUS WADIAI’ TRIPATHI, 1962 </p>
            <p> Holotype: GSI 18018, a skull natural mould from the orbits up to the posterior border of the nares.</p>
            <p>Type locality and horizon: Marhwas Village, Madhya Pradesh, India; Lower Gondwanas, Lopingian (Werneburg &amp; Schneider, 1996).</p>
            <p>Status: According to the state of preservation of the skull fragment and the lack of any rhinesuchid diagnostic features, it is considered herein as an indeterminate Temnospondyli, and the species as a nomen dubium.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFCEFFC0A078ED1EE433F94D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFCEFFC1A060EF5DE5A0F8E5.text	03F12D08FFCEFFC1A060EF5DE5A0F8E5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Muchocephalus Watson 1962	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> ‘  MUCHOCEPHALUS MUCHOS’ WATSON, 1962 </p>
            <p>Holotype: BP/1/213, a fairly complete skull without associated mandible (Fig. 11A–D). The catalogue</p>
            <p>374 C. A. MARSICANO ET AL.</p>
            <p>n u m b e r g i v e n b y Wa t s o n (1 9 6 2: 2 2 9), B P I N o. 350, is incorrect as it is the old museum display number.</p>
            <p> Type locality and horizon: Farm Ringsfontein, Murraysburg District (Western Cape Province, South Africa) from the  Dicynodon Assemblage Zone (= ‘  Cistecephalus zone’ in Watson, 1962 and the </p>
            <p> ‘  Daptocephalus zone’ in Kitching, 1978), Lopingian (Rubidge et al., 2013). </p>
            <p> Remarks: See Remarks under ‘  Lydekkerina kitchingi ’. </p>
            <p> Status: M. muchos Watson is considered in the present revision as a junior synonym of  R. whaitsi Broom as both holotypes are indistinguishable. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFCEFFC1A060EF5DE5A0F8E5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
03F12D08FFCCFFC3A3B4E895E3B8FEDA.text	03F12D08FFCCFFC3A3B4E895E3B8FEDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Australerpeton cosgriffi BARBERENA 1998	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> AUSTRALERPETON COSGRIFFI BARBERENA, 1998</p>
            <p> Australerpeton cosgriffi Barberena, 1998: 126 , original description. </p>
            <p>Holotype: UFRGS-PV-0227-P, the left half of a long-snouted skull missing approximately the anterior third of the rostrum (Fig. 12A–D).</p>
            <p>  Paratypes: UFRGS-PV-0228-P, an isolated long snout associated with some postcranial elements. UFRGS- PV-0229-P, an almost complete skull without the rostrum. UFRGS-PV-0230-P, the left corner of a skull.  All specimens were collected from the  Rio do Rasto Formation at Serra do Cadeado area, Estado do Paraná in southern Brazil (Barberena, 1998)  . </p>
            <p>Type locality and horizon: Serra do Cadeado area, Estado do Paraná, Brazil; Rio do Rasto Formation, Lopingian (Holz et al., 2010).</p>
            <p>Referred specimens: UFRGS-PV-0224-P, an almost complete skull with mandibles. UFRGS-PV-0225-P, a complete skull only missing the anterior half of the rostrum. UFRGS-PV-0226-P, an incomplete right hemimandible. UFRGS-PV-0240-P, an incomplete right hemimandible. UFRGS-PV-0243-P, an incomplete mandible. UFRGS- PV-0319-P, the posterior half of a skull table, associated with a mandibular fragment and a fairly complete and articulated postcranial skeleton. UFRGS-PV-0320-P, left posterior corner of a skull associated with a partially articulated and almost complete postcranial skeleton. UFRGS-PV-0320-P, portion of a right hemimandible. LPRP ⁄USP-0011, a left hemimandible associated with scattered postcranial bones. All the referred specimens are from the Rio do Rasto Formation at the Serra do Cadeado area, and collected in the Br-376 road cuts and the railway cuts between Apucarana and Ponta Grossa, Estado do Paraná in southern Brazil (Barberena, 1998; Dias &amp; Richter, 2002; Dias &amp; Schultz, 2003; Eltink &amp; Langer, 2014; Eltink et al., 2016).</p>
            <p> Remarks: The first described specimen was an isolated rostrum (UFRGS-PV-0228P) and preliminarily identified by Barberena and Daemon as being related to the archegosaurid  Platyops sp. (Barberena &amp; Daemon, 1974: 253). Later Barberena (1998) described new skull material from the same area and erected the taxon  A. cosgriffi to include all Serra do Caldeado specimens.  A. cosgriffi was included in the new family  Australerpetonidae within  Rhinesuchoidea (Barberena, 1998). Subsequent reviews (Werneburg &amp; Schneider, 1996; Schoch &amp; Milner, 2000) considered  A. cosgriffi as an archegosaurid closely related to  Platyoposaurus . Dias &amp; Schultz (2003) described two almost complete skeletons with associated partial </p>
            <p> Fi g u r e 1 2. UFRGS-PV-0 2 2 7-P, skull holotype of  Australerpeton cosgriffi . (A, B) Dorsal view. (C, D) Ventral view. Scale bar equals 5 cm. </p>
            <p> skull material and referred them to  A. cosgriffi . They also agreed with Barberena to assign the species to  Australerpetonidae . More recently, new material from the same locality was described and a new description of the skull, using all referred specimens, was presented (Eltink &amp; Langer, 2014; Eltink et al., 2016). Moreover, the status of  A. cosgriffi is re-assessed as a  Rhinesuchidae closely related to the Triassic South African rhinesuchid  B. putterilli (Eltink et al., 2016) . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F12D08FFCCFFC3A3B4E895E3B8FEDA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marsicano, Claudia A.;Latimer, Elizabeth;Rubidge, Bruce;Smith, Roger M. H.	Marsicano, Claudia A., Latimer, Elizabeth, Rubidge, Bruce, Smith, Roger M. H. (2017): The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 357-384, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw032
