taxonID	type	description	language	source
03FA87BDFF9B3C65FF68FAEA846FFEE4.taxon	description	(FIGURE 2 A – F) Fungal Names No.: FN 571857	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9B3C65FF68FAEA846FFEE4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Gyalolechia farinosa has a powdery, rough upper surface with uneven pruisa, an upper cortex with numerous crystals, and ascospores one-septate, ellipsoid or broader ellipsoid, 11.0 – 15.0 × 4.0 – 5.0 µm.	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9B3C65FF68FAEA846FFEE4.taxon	materials_examined	Type: China, Ningxia, Helanshan National Natural Reserve, Suyukou, on soil, 1347 m alt. 38 ° 42 ’ 47 ” N, 106 ° 0 ’ 35.4 ” E, 6 Jul 2017, D. L. Niu 17 - 0573 - 1 (NXAC – holotype). GenBank Accession no.: PP 204166.	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9B3C65FF68FAEA846FFEE4.taxon	description	Thallus crustose, consists of widely scattered to densely crowded areoles, without distinct marginal lobes. Areoles up to 1.6 mm across. Upper surface powdery, rough, pale yellow to gray-white with uneven pruisa. Upper cortex pale yellow to brown - yellow, with the presence of a large number of crystals, 12.5 – 37.5 µm thick. Algal layer continuous, 75.0 – 80.0 µm thick, with algal cells spherical, 12.5 – 17.5 µm in diameter. Medulla white, 81.5 – 143.5 µm thick. Lower cortex absent. Lower surface white to brown with crystals. Apothecia common, appressed to sessile, 0.3 – 1.0 mm in diameter. Thalline margin yellow, concolor with the thallus, containing algae. Proper margin inapparent. Disc brown-orange to dark brown, flat to convex. Hymenium hyaline, 57.5 – 65.0 µm high. Epithecium yellow-brown, with numerous amorphous particles dissolving in K + purplish red, 12.5 – 25.0 µm high. Paraphyses unbranched. Subhymenium and hypothecium colorless, I-, 50.0 – 90.0 µm, with a continuous algal layer present below the hypothecium, 87.5 – 200.0 µm thick. Asci clavate, 50.0 – 62.5 µm, 8 - spored. Ascospores one-septate, some septa incomplete, ellipsoid or broader ellipsoid, sometimes slightly curved, 11.0 – 15.0 × 4.0 – 5.0 µm. Pycnidia immersed, one-chambered, rare, with an obvious orange ostiole showing at the surface, 62.5 – 150 µm high × 37.5 – 115.5 µm wide. Conidia bacilliform, straight, hyaline, 4 – 5 µm. Chemistry: Spot test: cortex K + purplish red, C –, medulla K –, C –. parietin and an unknown depsidone with a pink color after acid and heating as major substances detected by TLC. The Rf value of the unknown depsidone is between parietin and emodin (FIGURE 4).	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9B3C65FF68FAEA846FFEE4.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The epithet farinosa refers to the upper surface of the thallus farinose with a thin and powdery crystal layer.	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9B3C65FF68FAEA846FFEE4.taxon	distribution	Distribution and Ecology: Gyalolechia farinosa was mainly collected from the desert steppe belt and shallow mountain shrub belt of Helan Mountain, growing on soil or moss at an altitude of 1342 – 2189 m. It often grows together with Xanthoria elegans, Toninia tristis, and Buellia elegans.	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9B3C65FF68FAEA846FFEE4.taxon	discussion	Notes: In the phylogram, Gyalolechia farinosa is sister to G. aurea. The latter has a continuous thallus with distinct marginal lobes, a rather well-developed cortical layer, and fusiform polarilocular spores with prolonged ends. However, G. farinosa has no distinct marginal lobes, an upper layer full of crystals, and ascospores one-septate, ellipsoid or broader ellipsoid, which readily distinguish it from other Gyalolechia species.	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9B3C65FF68FAEA846FFEE4.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined: China, Ningxia, Helanshan National Natural Reserve, Suyukou, on soil, 1365.9 m alt. 38 ° 43 ’ 9.0 ” N, 106 ° 0 ’ 24.1 ” E, 28 Aug 2014, D. L. Niu 14 - 03 - 0179; Xiangshuigou, on soil, 2189 m alt. 38 ° 46 ’ 30.9 ” N, 105 ° 54 ’ 48.8 ” E, 10 Jun 2017, D. L. Niu 17 - 0448. Neimenggu, Helanshan National Natural Reserve, North Temple, on soil, 1734 m alt. 38 ° 58 ’ 49.5 ” N, 105 ° 52 ’ 12.3 ” E, 23 May 2023, D. L. Niu 23052329.	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9D3C67FF68FE0485DAFEE5.taxon	description	(FIGURE 3 A – F) Fungal Names No.: FN 571858	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9D3C67FF68FE0485DAFEE5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Gyalolechia pustutata has schizidia, with distinct marginal lobes, ascospores smaller, 8 – 10 × 3 – 5 µm, single-celled with rounded ends, ellipsoid or broader ellipsoid, often with 1 – 2 oil droplets visible.	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9D3C67FF68FE0485DAFEE5.taxon	materials_examined	Type: China, Ningxia, Helanshan National Natural Reserve, Maliankou, on soil, 1671.5 m alt. 38 ° 32 ’ 5.6 ” N, 105 ° 54 ’ 38.3 ” E, 21 Sep 2014, D. L. Niu 14 - 03 - 0505 (NXAC – holotype). GenBank Accession no.: PP 204168.	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9D3C67FF68FE0485DAFEE5.taxon	description	Thallus crustose, small, 0.2 – 1.0 cm across, rounded to irregular, with distinct marginal lobe, without whitish pruina. Upper surface yellowish or whitish in the central portion exposing the whitish medulla after the schizidia on the upper surface eroded. Schizidia pustulae-like, usually numerous, especially in the central portion of the thallus, small, 0.5 – 1.0 mm wide, spherical or irregular. Upper cortex, pale yellow, with numerous crystals, 60.5 – 230 µm thick. Algal layer continuous, 135 – 165 µm thick, algal cell spherical, 28.4 – 32.0 µm in diam. Medulla white, 194 – 263 µm thick. Lower cortex absent. Lower surface white to pale brown with crystals. Apothecia zeorine, common or rare, appressed to sessile, 0.48 – 1.1 mm in diameter. Thalline margin yellow, concolor with thallus, containing algae. Proper margin obvious, orange, surrounding the disc, slightly raised above the disc. Disc brown-orange, flat, rarely becoming convex. Hymenium hyaline, 62.5 – 80 µm high. Epithecium yellow brown, with numerous amorphous particles dissolving in K + purplish red, 7.5 – 12.5 µm high. Paraphyses unbranched. Subhymenium and hypothecium colorless, I-, 50.0 – 55.0 µm, with continuous algal layer present below the hypothecium, 95 – 117.5 µm thick. Asci clavate, sometimes slightly concave in the middle portion, 46 – 50 µm, 8 – spored. Ascospores single-celled with rounded ends, ellipsoid or broader ellipsoid, sometimes constricted in the center, often with 1 – 2 oil droplets visible, 8 – 10 × 3 – 5 µm. Pycnidia unseen. Chemistry: Spot test: cortex K + purplish red, C –, medulla K –, C –. parietin, and an unknown depsidone with pink color after acid and heating as major substances detected by TLC. The Rf value of the unknown depsidone is between parietin and emodin.	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9D3C67FF68FE0485DAFEE5.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The epithet pustutata refers to the schizidia on the thallus like pustulae.	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9D3C67FF68FE0485DAFEE5.taxon	distribution	Distribution and Ecology: Gyalolechia pustutata has a wide altitude range on Helan Mountain, from 1175 to 2859 m. Gyalolechia pustutata mainly grows on soil, occasionally on moss, and often grows together with Collema sp. and Endocarpon sp.	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9D3C67FF68FE0485DAFEE5.taxon	discussion	Notes: This taxon was initially identified as ‘ Gyalolechia bracteata ’. However, G. pustuta differs from G. bracteata in its distinct marginal lobes, and upper cortex with numerous crystals. Gyalolechia pustutata clustered with G. cranfieldii, and both have schizidia for asexual propagations. However, G. pustutata is characterized by smaller asci (46 – 50 µm) and ascospores (8 – 10 × 3 – 5 µm) and a thicker upper cortex (60.5 – 230 µm).	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
03FA87BDFF9D3C67FF68FE0485DAFEE5.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined: China, Neimenggu, Helanshan National Natural Reserve, Taoligou, on soil, 1687 m alt. 38 ° 49 ’ 6.87 ” N, 105 ° 45 ’ 36.5 ” E, 24 May 2023, D. L. Niu 23052450; Nan Temple, on soil, 2859 m alt. 38 ° 38 ’ 55.4 ” N, 105 ° 51 ’ 6.03 ” E, 25 May 2023, D. L. Niu 23052550; Ningxia, Helanshan National Natural Reserve, Gangou, on soil, 1185.2 m alt. 38 ° 30 ’ 47.1 ” N, 106 ° 0 ’ 58.1 ” E, 6 Oct 2014, D. L. Niu 14 - 08 - 1170.	en	Niu, Dong Ling, Liu, Zhan Jun, Liang, Yong Liang, Kong, Fang Yi, Zhang, Xin Yue, Wang, Si Ying (2025): Two new Gyalolechia species (Teloschistaceae) from Helan Mountain in China and an identification key for this genus. Phytotaxa 691 (1): 74-82, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.1.6
