identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03FA570AFC0CFFB77BF6F94FFD296C26.text	03FA570AFC0CFFB77BF6F94FFD296C26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brunia Moore 1878	<div><p>The Brunia generic complex</p><p>The generic complex comprises genera displaying moderate sexual dimorphism with moths having greyish, brownish or yellowish forewing ground colour. In the male genitalia, the genera of the complex share the following features. (1) The uncus is short, more or less cylindrical or swollen, with a clawshaped tip. (2) The vinculum is short, rather V-shaped, with a small medial corema invaginated into it ventro-posteriorly and bearing a bunch of long hair-shaped androconial scales. (3) The editum is elongate and narrow, stretching along the ventral margin of the costa; the tendon is present. (4) The costa is well-developed, forms the dorsal margin of the valva. (5) The lamella centralis is present (except for Sany). (6) The vesica has several diverticula, some of which bear robust cornuti of various shapes. The female genitalia of the generic complex are more characteristic and have a corpus bursae clearly subdivided into two sections, of which the posterior one is heavily sclerotised and has a short and sclerotised appendix bursae originating postero-laterally or postero-ventrally; the anterior section of the corpus bursae is globular or teardrop-shaped, membranous and bears two small pushpin-shaped signa.</p><p>Besides the genera and subgenera considered in the present paper, the generic complex also includes the Afrotropical genus Kruegerilema Volynkin &amp; László, 2021 endemic to Sao Tome Island (see: Volynkin &amp; László 2021), which is morphologically very similar to Brunia .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC0CFFB77BF6F94FFD296C26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC0FFFB77BF6FE60FC54693F.text	03FA570AFC0FFFB77BF6FE60FC54693F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brunia Moore 1878	<div><p>Genus Brunia Moore, 1878</p><p>Brunia Moore, 1878, Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1878: 15 (Type species: Lithosia antica Walker, 1854 (Figs 1, 2, 54, 89), by subsequent designation by Watson et al. (1980)).</p><p>= Ovenna Birket-Smith, 1965, Haile Sellassie I University (Addis Ababa), Papers from the Faculty of Science, (C) 1: 93 (Type species: Eilema subgriseola Strand, 1912 [a junior subjective synonym of Brunia agonchae (Plötz, 1880) (Figs 3, 4, 55, 90)], by original designation).</p><p>Diagnosis. Many species of the genus display a moderate sexual dimorphism: males have intense dark suffusion on the forewing distally whereas females have a more unicolorous forewing, in many species with pale suffusion along the costal margin. However, in certain Asian species sexual dimorphism is limited. The male genitalia of the genus are characterised by the combination of the following features. (1) The scaphium area is setose. (2) The subscaphium is broad and moderately or weakly sclerotised. (3) The processus momenti and tendon form a conjuga. (4) The lamella centralis is present, fold-like and setose. (5) The vesica with several diverticula bearing large cornuti of various shapes. In the female genitalia, the postvaginal region of the 8 th sternite is heavily sclerotised and may bear various swollen and setose sculptures; and the posterior sclerotised section of the corpus bursae is broad and bears various protrusions.</p><p>Distribution. The genus is widely distributed in the Afrotropical, Indomalayan and northern Australasian realms.</p><p>Note. The taxonomy of the genus worldwide is under revision by Volynkin (in prep.).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC0FFFB77BF6FE60FC54693F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC0FFFB77BF6FB09FA686824.text	03FA570AFC0FFFB77BF6FB09FA686824.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brunia Moore 1878	<div><p>Subgenus Brunia Moore, 1878</p><p>Diagnosis. Male adults have rather unicolorous body. In the male genitalia, species of the nominate subgenus are characterised by the condition of the distal section of the phallus, which has longitudinal wrinkles making it flexible and expandable. In the female genitalia, the ductus bursae is broad, heavily gelatinous or sclerotised, very short in certain species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC0FFFB77BF6FB09FA686824	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC0EFFB67BF6FA0AFBB56A95.text	03FA570AFC0EFFB67BF6FA0AFBB56A95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brunia (Brunikatha) Volynkin & Černý 2025	<div><p>Subgenus Brunikatha subgen. n.</p><p>https://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D8014194-8574-4C3E-B7F4-0F805A4E01B7</p><p>Type species: Katha montana Bucsek, 2012, by present designation.</p><p>Diagnosis. Species of Brunia (Brunikatha) subgen. n. (Figs 5–21) are externally similar to Bucsekatha gen. n. (Figs 22–35) and Sany (Figs 36–38), and differ from the nominate subgenus of Brunia (Figs 1– 4) in the blackish-brown head and thorax in males. In the male genitalia, the new subgenus (Figs 56– 65) is distinguished from Brunia s. str. (Figs 54, 55) by two features. (1) The processus momenti is reduced, which makes the conjuga very short and consisting of the tendon and the thin sclerotised plate connecting the tendon and the processus momenti in the nominate subgenus. (2) The phallus condition: in Brunia s. str., its distal section has longitudinal wrinkles making it expandable whereas it is evenly sclerotised and lacks the apical wrinkles in Brunia (Brunikatha) subgen. n. The female genitalia of the two subgenera (Figs 89–97) display no fundamental differences.</p><p>Etymology. The subgenus name is an aggregate of the genus-group names Brunia and Katha .</p><p>Note. Species of the subgenus are herein subdivided into two species-groups clearly different in their morphology of the genitalia of both sexes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC0EFFB67BF6FA0AFBB56A95	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC09FFB17BF6FF0BFDAC6C26.text	03FA570AFC09FFB17BF6FF0BFDAC6C26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brunia (Brunikatha) apicalis (Walker 1862)	<div><p>The Brunia (Brunikatha) apicalis species-group</p><p>The male genitalia of the species-group (Figs 56, 57) are characterised by the presence of the distal carinal process and the short sacculus with a proximally dilated distal process. In the female genitalia (Figs 91, 92), the appendix bursae is situated latero-posteriorly on the right side.</p><p>Note. The taxonomy of the group is under revision by Volynkin &amp; Černý (in prep.).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC09FFB17BF6FF0BFDAC6C26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC09FFB17BF6FD72FD156EC3.text	03FA570AFC09FFB17BF6FD72FD156EC3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brunia (Brunikatha) usuguronis (Matsumura 1927) Volynkin & Černý 2025	<div><p>The Brunia (Brunikatha) usuguronis species-group</p><p>In the male genitalia of the species-group (Figs 58–65), the phallus lacks the carinal process and the sacculus is long and bears a regular distal process, which makes the genital capsule similar to that of the genus Katha as well as a number of other ‘eilemic’ genera of Lithosiina. In the female genitalia (Figs 93–97), the appendix bursae is situated latero-posteriorly on the left side.</p><p>Note. Two species included in the species-group are reviewed below.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC09FFB17BF6FD72FD156EC3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC09FFB07BF6FB9DFDD16FD7.text	03FA570AFC09FFB07BF6FB9DFDD16FD7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brunia (Brunikatha) usuguronis (Matsumura 1927) Volynkin & Černý 2025	<div><p>Brunia (Brunikatha) usuguronis (Matsumura, 1927), comb. n.</p><p>(Figs 9–15, 58–61, 93, 94)</p><p>Lithosia usuguronis Matsumura, 1927, Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo, Japan, 19 (1): 65, pl. 5: fig. 17 (TL: [Taiwan, Nantou County, Puli] “Formosa, Horisha”).</p><p>Katha montana Bucsek, 2012: Bucsek (2020): 56, figs 35, 36, 111.</p><p>Type material examined. Photograph of the holotype (by monotypy) (Fig. 9): male, “Horisha | Formosa | -1917” / “L. | usuguronis” / red label “ Type | Matsumura ” (HUFA) .</p><p>Additional material examined: series of specimens of both sexes from Taiwan, Northern Vietnam (Nghe An, Hoa Binh and Ninh Binh Provinces), Northern Thailand (Chiang Mai Province) and Northeast India (Meghalaya) (MWM / ZSM) .</p><p>Note. Wu et al. (2020: fig. 9k) illustrated the male genitalia belonging to the genus Cernyia Bucsek, 2012 as those of the holotype of Lithosia usuguronis . However, the only species of the genus Cernyia occurring in Taiwan, Cernyia ranrunensis (Matsumura, 1927), a male specimen of which was also illustrated by Wu et al. (2020: fig. 5c) as “ Cer. [nyia] usuguronis ”, is externally fundamentally different from the holotype of usuguronis and is very similar to other species in the genus Cernyia . On the other hand, all examined Taiwanese moths externally identical to the holotype of Lithosia usuguronis belong to a single species of the genus Brunia, which is widespread from Northeast India to Taiwan. Thus, it is clear that the Cernyia male genitalia illustrated by Wu et al. (2020: fig. 9k) do not belong to the holotype specimen of Lithosia usuguronis . This unfortunate mistake is probably due to a Cernyia abdomen being misglued to the holotype of Lithosia usuguronis in the past, or was caused by the accidental confusion of the genitalia of different specimens happened during a series of dissections (for the similar case see Volynkin (2020)).</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 13.0–14.5 mm in males and 15.0–16.0 mm in females. Brunia usuguronis is externally similar to B. montana but is somewhat larger. The male genital capsule of B. usuguronis is distinguished from B. montana by the shorter vinculum, the narrower and more apically rounded tip of the valva, and the shorter sacculus with a distal saccular process not reaching the valva apex. Compared to B. montana, the vesica of B. usuguronis has a markedly broader and somewhat longer main chamber, its proximal dorsal and medial lateral diverticula are considerably longer and broader, the proximal ventral diverticulum is longer, distally tapered and bears a serrulate plate-shaped cornutus (in B. montana it is distally dilated and bears a robust thorn-shaped cornutus), and the distal diverticulum is longer, broader, hook-like curved and bears a cornutus with a long plate-like base laterally whereas in B. montana the distal diverticulum is shortly conical and bears a massive horn-shaped cornutus apically. In the female genitalia, B. usuguronis differs from B. montana in the somewhat longer ductus bursae, the larger and sclerotised, semiglobular lateral protrusion bursae on the right side, the lack of the heavily sclerotised ventro-lateral pocket on the left side of the corpus bursae anteriorly of the appendix bursae, which is typical of B. montana, and the proximally broader and more weakly sclerotised appendix bursae.</p><p>Distribution. The species is found in Northeast India (Meghalaya), Northern Thailand (Chiang Mai and Nan Provinces), Northern Laos (Huaphanh Province) (Bucsek 2020, as montana), Northern Vietnam (Nghe An, Hoa Binh and Ninh Binh Provinces), and the island of Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC09FFB07BF6FB9DFDD16FD7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC08FFB07BF6FD10FA6C68D1.text	03FA570AFC08FFB07BF6FD10FA6C68D1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brunia (Brunikatha) montana (Bucsek 2012) Volynkin & Černý 2025	<div><p>Brunia (Brunikatha) montana (Bucsek, 2012), comb. n.</p><p>(Figs 16–21, 62–65, 95–97)</p><p>Katha montana Bucsek, 2012, Erebidae, Arctiinae of Malay Peninsula – Malaysia: 123, pl. 22: figs 306, 306a, 306b, gen. fig. Mal166 (Type locality: “ Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands, Tanah Rata env., 1450–1500 m, 4° 28'25.3''N 101°22'43.7''E ”).</p><p>Type material examined. Holotype (Figs 16, 62): male, “ Malaysia, Pahang distr. | Cameron Highlands | <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.37881&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.4736943" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.37881/lat 4.4736943)">Tanah Rata</a> env., 1,450 – 1,500 m | 4° 28'25,3''N, 101°22'43,7'' E | 10.4.2010 – 24.4.2010 | leg. Karol Bucsek ” / red label “ Holotypus | Katha montana ♂ | Karol Bucsek 2012 ” / “Museum Witt | München” / “Genitalpräparat | Heterocera | Nr. 19.826 | Museum Witt München” [ex slide Mal166 by K. Bucsek, remounted by A. Volynkin] (MWM / ZSM).</p><p>Additional material examined. Series of specimens of both sexes from Thailand (Phetchabun Province), West Malaysia (Pahang) (the paratypes listed by Bucsek (2012), and Indonesia (Sumatra Island) (MWM / ZSM, CKC).</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 11.0–12.5 mm in males and 13.0–13.5 mm in females. The species is morphologically similar to B. usuguronis and the detailed comparison is provided above in the diagnosis of the latter species.</p><p>Distribution. The species is found in Northeast India (Arunachal Pradesh) (Kirti &amp; Singh 2015), Central Thailand (Phetchabun Province) (present study), Western Malaysia (Pahang) (Bucsek 2012), and the island of Sumatra (Indonesia) (present study).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC08FFB07BF6FD10FA6C68D1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC08FFB37BF6FA12FA166F13.text	03FA570AFC08FFB37BF6FA12FA166F13.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bucsekatha Volynkin & Černý 2025	<div><p>Genus Bucsekatha gen. n.</p><p>https://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 60F250C1-9139-423D-8632-4E258E1C0B54</p><p>Type species: Bucsekatha sunda sp. n., by present designation.</p><p>Diagnosis. Species of the new genus (Figs 22–35) are externally very similar to Brunia (Brunikatha) subgen. n. (Figs 5–21) and Sany (Figs 36–38), and identification requires the examination of the genitalia structures. In the male genitalia, Bucsekatha gen. n. (Figs 66–78) is morphologically similar to Sany (Figs 79, 80) sharing the combination of the following features. (1) The scaphium area is setose. (2) The subscaphium area is membranous. (3) The ventral wall of the anellus bears a caulis subdivided into two lobes. (4) The phallus is cylindrical with a ductus ejaculatorius originating laterally on the left side (vs. Brunia and a number of other Lithosiini having a ductus ejaculatorius originating dorsally). (5) The dorsal carina bears a thorn-shaped subapical process directed dorsad. (6) The vesica has a short main chamber, which bears a short but basally broad medial cornutus and has one to three short diverticula proximally and medially, and an elongate, more or less tubular distal diverticulum bearing a cornutus apically or subapically. However, the male genitalia of Bucsekatha gen. n. differ from Sany in the lobes of the caulis being completely fused with anellus and separated from each other (whereas they are ventrally fused with each other and dorsally extended into loose processes in Sany), the broader lobular valva with a convex ventral margin (it is very narrow with almost parallel margins in Sany), the distal section of the editum expanded into a broad setose soft lobe (autapomorphic feature), the reduced, tubercle-like lamella centralis (absent in Sany), the weakly setose apex of the valva (it is covered with robust spine-like setae in Sany), and the broader sacculus with a well-developed distal process (the latter is reduced or completely absent in Sany). The female genitalia ground plan of Bucsekatha gen. n. (Figs 98–105) is very similar to Sany (Fig. 106) but the latter has an appendix bursae situated rather laterally whereas it is situated ventrally or ventro-laterally in Bucsekatha gen. n.</p><p>Etymology. The genus name is an aggregate of the surname Bucsek and the genus-group name Katha . The new genus is named after Karol Bucsek, renowned expert in the Asian Arctiinae, who greatly contributed to the knowledge of the Lithosiini of the Malay Peninsula, Philippine Archipelago and Laos including the taxonomy of the Brunia generic complex.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC08FFB37BF6FA12FA166F13	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC0BFFB37BF6FC66FD086B7D.text	03FA570AFC0BFFB37BF6FC66FD086B7D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bucsekatha brevivalva (Holloway 2001) Volynkin & Černý 2025	<div><p>Bucsekatha brevivalva (Holloway, 2001), comb. n.</p><p>(Figs 22, 23, 66, 98)</p><p>“ Eilema ” brevivalva Holloway, 2001, Moths of Borneo, 7: 321, pl. 3, figs 23–24 (adults), gen. figs 87, 106 (Type locality: “ Sarawak: Gunong Mulu Nat. Park, …, Mulu, 1000m, lower montane f.[orest]”).</p><p>Type material examined. Holotype: male, “ Sarawak: Gunong | Mulu Nat. Pak | R.G.S. Exped. 1977– 8 | J.D. Holloway et al. | B.M. 1978–206” / “Site 15. February | Camp 2.5, Mulu | 1000m. 413461 | Lower l. montane f. | MV – understorey.” / “+3” / “ Holotype | “ Eilema ” | brevivalva | Holloway” / round label with red margin “Type” / blue label “ Arctiidae | genitalia slide | No. 2639 ♂ ” / “Figured specimen | Moths of Borneo | Part 7” / QR-code label with unique ID “NHMUK010401787” (NHMUK).</p><p>Additional material examined. INDONESIA: 4 males, 1 female, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=115.63333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.8666668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 115.63333/lat -2.8666668)">Borneo</a>, Kalimantan Selatan [Prov.], 1100m, 30 km E of Kandangan, rainforest, 15 km NE of Loksado, 2°52'S 115°38'E, I.1998, Jakl leg., gen. slide Nos: ZSM Arct. 2021 - 541♂, 2021- 542♀ (MWM / ZSM) .</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 12.0 mm in males and 13.5 mm in females. The male genital capsule of B. brevivalva differs clearly from other congeners in the reduced, very short dorsal (valvular) section of the valva and the markedly longer distal saccular process. In the female genitalia, the species is distinct by the narrow and anteriorly tapered posterior sclerotised section of the corpus bursae.</p><p>Distribution. Endemic to the island of Borneo (Holloway 2001). The present report of the species from Kalimantan Selatan Province of Indonesia is first for the country.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC0BFFB37BF6FC66FD086B7D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC0BFFB27BF6F946FAB96857.text	03FA570AFC0BFFB27BF6F946FAB96857.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bucsekatha sunda Volynkin & Černý 2025	<div><p>Bucsekatha sunda sp. n.</p><p>https://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1395EB03-0D23-4A2D-9817-F30C0FC6F891</p><p>(Figs 24–27, 67–69, 99, 100)</p><p>Katha brevivalva (Holloway, 2001): Bucsek (2012): 122, Pl. 21: figs 305a, 305b, gen. figs Mal165, Mal167.</p><p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 24, 67): male, “SW Thailand | Ranong-prov. Ranong, 380m | 10°01'32''N, 98°40'13'' E | 17, 20.XI.2006 leg. K.Cerný ” / “Slide | AV9177 ♂ | A. Volynkin ” (MWM / ZSM, ex CKC).</p><p>Paratypes. THAILAND: 6 males, 1 female, Ranong Prov., Ranong, 380m, 10°01'32''N 98°40'13''E, 3–4.XII.2005, K. Černý leg., gen. slide Nos: AV8286 ♂, AV9150 ♀ (CKC); 1 female, same data as previous but ex ovo 2006, gen. slide No.: AV9172 ♀ (CKC); 1 male, Ranong, 543m, 10°02'01'N 98°40'17.66''E, 7.IV.2013, K. Černý leg., gen. slide No.: AV8281 ♂ (CKC); 1 female, Surat Thani Prov., Khao Sok NP, 199m, 8°53'23''N 98°30'25''E, 6.XII.2005, K. Černý leg., gen. slide No.: AV9153 ♀ (CKC); 3males, Nakhon Si Tammarat [Prov.], Amphoe Ron Pibun, | <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.802&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.236" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.802/lat 8.236)">Ang Ka Tai Hill</a>, 900–950m, 8°14.16'N 99°48.12'E, 9–10.IV.2013, K. Černý leg., gen. slide No.: AV8280 ♂ (CKC); 1 male, Chumphon Prov., Pa Toh Ditr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.78306&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.768055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.78306/lat 9.768055)">Ban Lang Tang</a>, 162m, 7.XII.2005, 9°46'5''N 98°46'59''E, K. Černý leg., gen. slide No.: AV8282 ♂ (CKC); MALAYSIA: 2 males, 1 female, Perak, 50 km NE of Gerik (aerial path), Belum-Temenggor: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.54278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.604833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.54278/lat 5.604833)">Titiwangsa</a>, 5°36'17.4''N 101°32'34.0''E, 30.iii–13.iv.2015, 1100m, E. Jendek &amp; O. Šauša leg., gen. slide Nos: ZSM Arct. 2021 - 518♂, 2021- 595♀, 2021- 599♂ (prepared by A. Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); INDONESIA: 1 male, 1 female, N Sumatra, 15 km NE of Prapat, HW 4, 1150m, 3–6.I.1994, Karel Černý leg., gen. slide Nos: AV8274 ♂, AV9185 ♀ (CKC); 1 female, N Sumatra, Simalungun, Prapat, HW 3, 9.II.1984, Dr Diehl leg., gen. slide No.: AV9484 ♀ (CKC); 1 male, Sumatra, Aek Tarum, Gunung Malayu, 8.V.1983, Dr Diehl leg., gen. slide No.: AV9491 ♂ (CKC); 1 male, Sumatra, Bandar Lampung, Bukit Rigis Mts, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.45166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.0619445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.45166/lat -5.0619445)">Gunung Terang</a>, 1022m, 5°3'43''S 104°27'6''E, 13– 15.XI.2003, [K.] Černý leg., gen. slide No.: AV9176 ♂ (CKC); 1 female, W Sumatra, 22 km E of Padang, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.53333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.6666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.53333/lat -0.6666667)">Bukit Subang</a>, microwave stat.[ion], 0°40'S 100°32'E, montane forest, 1200m, 19–20.X.1981, A. Schintlmeister et al. leg., gen. slide No.: AV9184 ♀ (CKC); 1 male, South Sumatra, Lake Ranau env., 800m, 4°507'38''S 104°3'[00'']E, 17.XI.2003, K. Černý leg. (CKC) .</p><p>Note. The population from the Malay Peninsula lacks the small medial diverticulum, which is present in the specimens from Sumatra. However, the taxonomic value of this feature is unclear and, as no other morphological differences were found between the specimens from the two populations, they are herein considered as belonging to the same biological species.</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 11.5–13.0 mm in males and 14.0 mm in females. The male genital capsule of B. sunda sp. n. differs from B. chonga sp. n. and B. pseudobrevivalva in the longer distal saccular process and the shorter, narrower and more weakly sclerotised lobes of the caulis. The phallus of B. sunda sp. n. differs from the similar species in the markedly smaller carinal process. The vesica structure of B. sunda sp. n. is most similar to B. chonga sp. n., from which the former differs in the larger medial cornutus. In the female genitalia, B. sunda sp. n. differs from other congeners in the markedly narrower ductus bursae.</p><p>Distribution. The new species is found on the Malay Peninsula (South Thailand and West Malaysia) and the island of Sumatra (Indonesia).</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from Sundaland, in the western part of which the new species is found. The name is a noun in the nominative singular.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC0BFFB27BF6F946FAB96857	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC0AFFBD7BF6FA90FC1B6CEB.text	03FA570AFC0AFFBD7BF6FA90FC1B6CEB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bucsekatha chonga Volynkin & Černý 2025	<div><p>Bucsekatha chonga sp. n.</p><p>https://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8363573B-8E8E-4CCE-9803-11CDF953AB01</p><p>(Figs 28–32, 70–75, 101–103)</p><p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 28, 70): male, “ Cambodia, Kampot Prov., | Bokor N.P., Hill Station, 1025 m, | 19–21. I. 2006 | leg. G. Csorba &amp; G. Ronkay ” / “Slide | ZSM Arct. | 2021- 520♂ | A. Volynkin ” (MWM / ZSM).</p><p>Paratypes. CAMBODIA: 1 male, 2 females, same data as in holotype, gen. slide No.: ZSM Arct. 2021 - 521♀ (prepared by A. Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 male, 1 female, Kirirom Nat. Res., 650m, 7–9.XI.2007, S. Murzin leg., gen. slide Nos: ZSM Arct. 2021 - 597♂, 2021- 598♀ (prepared by A. Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); THAILAND: 2 males, 2 females, Saraburi [Nakhon Nayok Prov.], Khao Yai NP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.365556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.4/lat 14.365556)">Mt. Khao Kaew</a> [Khao Khiao], 1244m, 14°21'56''N 101°24'E, 31.V.2005, K. Černý leg., gen. slide Nos: AV8278 ♂, AV8284 ♂, AV9155 ♀, AV9173 ♀ (CKC); 4 males, 1 female, Saraburi [Nakhon Nayok Prov.], Khao Yai NP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.37056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.405555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.37056/lat 14.405555)">Khao Khieo</a> [foot of Khao Khiao Mt.], 752m, 14°24'20''N 101°22'14''E, 1.VI.2005, K. Černý leg., gen. slide Nos: AV8279 ♂, AV8283 ♂, AV9154 ♀ (CKC); 2 males, Chanthaburi Prov., 150m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.29217&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.802834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.29217/lat 12.802834)">33 km N of Chanthaburi</a>, 12°48.17'N 102°17.53'E, 30.X.2010, K. Černý leg., gen. slide Nos: AV8285 ♂, AV9179 ♂ (CKC) .</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 11.0–13.0 mm in males and 14.0–15.0 mm in females. The male genitalia of B. chonga sp. n. are similar to B. sunda sp. n. but distinguished by the shorter and thinner distal saccular process, the broader and more heavily sclerotised lobes of the caulis, the markedly larger carinal process, and the smaller medial cornutus. The female genitalia of B. chonga sp. n. differ from B. sunda sp. n. in the considerably broader ductus bursae and the somewhat more anteriorly curved sclerotised anterior section of the corpus bursae.</p><p>Distribution. The new species is found in Central and Southeast Thailand (Nakhon Nayok and Chanthaburi Provinces) and Southwest Cambodia (Kampot and Kampong Speu Provinces).</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Chong people, who inhabit western Cambodia, and south-eastern and eastern Thailand. The name is a noun in the nominative singular.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC0AFFBD7BF6FA90FC1B6CEB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC05FFBD7BF6FAFBFAF96B3C.text	03FA570AFC05FFBD7BF6FAFBFAF96B3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bucsekatha nigriprosoma (Fang 2000) Volynkin & Černý 2025	<div><p>Bucsekatha nigriprosoma (Fang, 2000), comb. n.</p><p>Eilema nigriprosoma Fang, 2000, Fauna Sinica. Insecta, 19: 257, 540, fig. 178 (male genitalia); pl. XII, fig. 16 (moth) (Type locality: [S China] “ Hainan Jianfengling”).</p><p>Note. Unfortunately, the authors of the present paper had no chance to examine specimens of Bucsekatha from the island of Hainan. The male genital capsule of B. nigriprosoma is very similar to B. pseudobrevivalva and, taking into account the wide distributional range of the latter, B. nigriprosoma may be conspecific to it. Clarification of this question requires the examination of the vesica structure of the Hainan population.</p><p>Distribution. South China: Hainan Island (Fang 2000).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC05FFBD7BF6FAFBFAF96B3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC05FFBD7BF6FE3DF85E69A9.text	03FA570AFC05FFBD7BF6FE3DF85E69A9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bucsekatha pseudobrevivalva (Dubatolov & Bucsek 2016) Volynkin & Černý 2025	<div><p>Bucsekatha pseudobrevivalva (Dubatolov &amp; Bucsek, 2016), comb. n.</p><p>(Figs 33–35, 76–78, 104, 105)</p><p>Katha pseudobrevivalva Dubatolov &amp; Bucsek, 2016, Euroasian entomological journal, 15(3): 230, figs 5, 23 (Type locality: “North Vietnam, Thanh Hoa Prov., Thuong Xuan Distr., Xuan Lien NR [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.238&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.866667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.238/lat 19.866667)">National Reserve</a>], ... 19°52'N 105°14.28'E, 130m ”).</p><p>Material examined. Series of specimens of both sexes from Northeast India (Assam), Laos (Luang Prabang and Champasak Provinces), and Vietnam (Nghe An, Lam Dong and Da Nang Provinces) (MWM / ZSM, CKC and CAV) .</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 12.0–13.5 mm in males and 12.5–13.5 mm in females. The male genital capsule of B. pseudobrevivalva is very similar to B. chonga sp. n., from which B. pseudobrevivalva differs clearly in the vesica having a markedly shorter distal diverticulum bearing a larger terminal cornutus. Additionally, compared to B. chonga sp. n., B. pseudobrevivalva has a shorter proximal ventral diverticulum displaced more laterally, a markedly shorter medial ventral diverticulum, and a considerably larger lateral diverticulum displaced more dorsally. In the female genitalia of B. pseudobrevivalva, the posterior sclerotised section of the corpus bursae is markedly broader and less curved than in the similar congener, and the appendix bursae is situated ventrally whereas it is situated ventro-laterally on the left side in B. chonga sp. n.</p><p>Distribution. The species is widespread and found in Northeast India (Assam and Mizoram) (Singh et al. 2024), Laos (Huaphanh, Luang Prabang and Champasak Provinces) (Bucsek 2020), and Vietnam (Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Gia Lai, Bac Giang, and Da Nang Provinces) (Dubatolov &amp; Bucsek 2016)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC05FFBD7BF6FE3DF85E69A9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC05FFBD7BF6F906FAEB6AB2.text	03FA570AFC05FFBD7BF6F906FAEB6AB2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sany Bucsek 2012	<div><p>Genus Sany Bucsek, 2012</p><p>Sany Bucsek, 2012, Erebidae, Arctiinae of Malay Peninsula – Malaysia: 123.</p><p>Type species: Lithosia brevipennis sandakana Draudt, 1914, by original designation.</p><p>Diagnosis. Species of the genus (Figs 36–38) are externally very similar to Brunia (Brunikatha) subgen. n. (Figs 5–21) and Bucsekatha gen. n. (Figs 22–35), and identification requires the examination of the genitalia structures. Sany is morphologically similar to Bucsekatha gen. n. and the detailed comparison is provided above in the diagnosis of the latter genus.</p><p>Note. The genus comprises two species reviewed below.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC05FFBD7BF6F906FAEB6AB2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC04FFBF7BF6F90FF84D6F6C.text	03FA570AFC04FFBF7BF6F90FF84D6F6C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dubatoloviana Bucsek 2012	<div><p>Genus Dubatoloviana Bucsek, 2012</p><p>Dubatoloviana Bucsek, 2012, Erebidae, Arctiinae of Malay Peninsula – Malaysia: 124.</p><p>Type species: “ Eilema ” trimacula Holloway, 2001, by the original designation.</p><p>Note. The genus was characterised and reviewed by Volynkin (2021).</p><p>Diagnosis. Species of the genus (Figs 39–52) display a substantial sexual dimorphism with the females having a fuscous forewing with yellowish costal and outer areas whereas males of Dubatoloviana have two cellular and one subapical spots, which are absent in other genera in the Brunia generic complex. Additionally, unlike in other related genera, the male forewing of Dubatoloviana has a triangular patch of darker, presumably androconial scales antemedially between the vein A1 and the anal wing margin but not reaching the latter. The male genitalia ground plan of Dubatoloviana (Figs 81–88) is similar to Bucsekatha gen. n. (Figs 66–78) and Sany (Figs 79, 80) but, unlike in those genera, Dubatoloviana is characterised by the broader and strongly swollen uncus, the lack of the caulis, the heavily sclerotised distal section of the costa forming a “cucullus” with a spur-shaped tip, the small and membranous valvula, and the phallus with a ductus ejaculatorius situated dorsally and a dorsal carina lacking the subapical process. The vesica configuration of Dubatoloviana is similar to Bucsekatha gen. n. and Sany but the main chamber lacks the medial cornutus, and the distal diverticulum is short and directed dorsally. The female genitalia of Dubatoloviana (Figs 107–112) are very similar to Bucsekatha gen. n. (Figs 98–105) and Sany (Fig. 106) but have an appendix bursae situated laterally and curved dorsad.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC04FFBF7BF6F90FF84D6F6C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC04FFBC7BF6FF0CFA206E9F.text	03FA570AFC04FFBC7BF6FF0CFA206E9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sany pseudosandakana Bucsek 2012	<div><p>Sany pseudosandakana Bucsek, 2012</p><p>(Figs 36, 37, 79, 106)</p><p>Sany pseudosandakana Bucsek, 2012, Erebidae, Arctiinae of Malay Peninsula – Malaysia: 123, pl. 22: figs 307, 307b, 307c, gen. figs Mal168, Mal229 (TL: “ Malaysia, Pahang distr., Endau Rompin State Park, Camping by the Kincin River, 50 m, 2° 37' 10,4'' N, 103° 20' 10,9'' E ”).</p><p>Type material examined. Holotype (Figs 36, 79): male, “ Malaysia, Pahang distr. | Endau Rompin State park | Camping by <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.336365&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.6195557" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.336365/lat 2.6195557)">The Kincin River</a>, 50 m | 2°37'10,4'' N, 103°20'10,9''E | 1.3.2011 – 13.3.2011 | leg. Karol Bucsek ” / red label “ Holotypus | Sany pseudosandakana ♂ | Karol Bucsek 2012 ” / “Museum Wit | München” / “Genitalpräparat | Heterocera | Nr. 37.368 | Museum Witt München” [prepared by A. Volynkin] (MWM / ZSM).</p><p>Additional material examined. MALAYSIA: series of specimens of both sexes (paratypes) listed by Bucsek (2012) (MWM / ZSM); INDONESIA: 1 male, N Sumatra, Prapat, HW 3, 4.X.1983, Dr Diehl leg., gen. slide No.: AV9490 ♂ (CKC) .</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 11.0–11.5 mm in males and 11.5–12.0 mm in females. The male genital capsule of S. pseudosandakana is distinguished from S. sandakana by the narrower vinculum, the somewhat shorter but broader valva, the longer cucullus covered with larger setae, and the lack of the distal saccular process, which is tiny thorn-shaped in S. sandakana . The vesica of S. pseudosandakana differs from S. sandakana in the narrower main chamber, and the markedly shorter, proximally broader and distally curved distal diverticulum bearing a larger cornutus postmedially whereas in S. sandakana, the tiny cornutus is situated apically.</p><p>Distribution. The species is known from the Malay Peninsula (West Malaysia: Pahang) (Bucsek 2012) and the island of Sumatra (Indonesia) (present study).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC04FFBC7BF6FF0CFA206E9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC04FFBC7BF6FBE8FA8F6B35.text	03FA570AFC04FFBC7BF6FBE8FA8F6B35.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sany sandakana (Draudt 1914)	<div><p>Sany sandakana (Draudt, 1914)</p><p>(Figs 38, 80)</p><p>Lithosia brevipennis subsp. sandakana Draudt in Seitz, 1914, Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde, 10: 210 (TL: “Borneo (Sandakan)”).</p><p>Ilema brevipennis Ab. 1: Hampson (1900): 172.</p><p>Type material examined. Holotype (by monotypy) (Figs 38, 80): male, “Sandakan. | 91 – 115.” / “ Eilema | brevipennis | ab. sandakana | Draudt | Holotype. Strand | Hampson Ab. 1.” / round label with red margins “ Type ” / blue label “ Arctiidae | genitalia slide | No. 4893 ♂ ” / “Figured specimen | Moths of Borneo | part 7” / QR-code label with unique ID “NHMUK010401830” (NHMUK).</p><p>Note. The name sandakana was introduced by Draudt (1914) for Hampson’s ‘Ab.[erration] 1’ of Ilema brevipennis . In his book, Hampson (1900) cited a single male associated by him to that aberration, which should be considered as the holotype of sandakana by monotypy.</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 11.0 mm in the male holotype. The detailed comparison with S. pseudosandakana is provided above in the diagnosis of the latter species. The female is unknown.</p><p>Distribution. The species is known only from its holotype collected in Sabah (Malaysia) (Holloway 2001), and is probably endemic to the island of Borneo.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC04FFBC7BF6FBE8FA8F6B35	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC07FFBF7BF6FC48F8B76BE4.text	03FA570AFC07FFBF7BF6FC48F8B76BE4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dubatoloviana diehli Volynkin & Černý 2025	<div><p>Dubatoloviana diehli sp. n.</p><p>https://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5DDFF176-853F-4E6B-9550-576E6416D97F</p><p>(Figs 45, 46, 84, 110)</p><p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 45, 84): male, “ Sumatra | Prapat HW 3 | 26.–30.XI.1982 | Dr. Diehl leg.” / “Slide | AV8372 ♂ | A. Volynkin ” (MWM / ZSM, ex CKC).</p><p>Paratype. INDONESIA: 1 female, W Sumatra, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.95" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.4/lat -0.95)">Mt. Talang</a>, 0°57'S 100°24'E, 18.IX.1991, secondary forest, 1600m, Graul &amp; Schintlmeister leg., gen. slide No.: AV8373 ♀ (CKC) .</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 12.0 mm in the male holotype and 13.5 mm in the female paratype. Dubatoloviana diehli sp. n. is externally very similar to D. pahanga but has a somewhat narrower forewing. Additionally, compared to D. pahanga, the male of the new species has more distinct forewing markings, and the female has a straighter costal margin of the forewing with a narrower outer ochreous yellow area at the apex. The male genital capsule of D. diehli sp. n. differs clearly from D. pahanga in the longer and less downcurved tip of the uncus, the thicker “cucullus”, and the narrower unilobate distal saccular process, which is bifurcate in D. pahanga . The phallus of the new species is somewhat longer and distally broader than in D. pahanga . The vesica configurations of the two species are similar but in D. diehli sp. n., the main chamber is somewhat longer than in the congener and the distal diverticulum bears a cornutus, which is absent in D. pahanga . In the female genitalia, D. diehli sp. n. is distinguished from D. pahanga by the wider gelatinous antevaginal plate and the shorter posterior sclerotised section of the corpus bursae.</p><p>Distribution. Indonesia (Sumatra Island).</p><p>Etymology. The new species is dedicated to the memory of the late Dr. med. Eduard Wilhelm Diehl (1917–2003), famous researcher of Sumatran insects and collector of the holotype. The name is a noun in the genitive case.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC07FFBF7BF6FC48F8B76BE4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC07FFBE7BF6F93EFD3F6E1D.text	03FA570AFC07FFBE7BF6F93EFD3F6E1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dubatoloviana fumidisca (Hampson 1894) Volynkin & Černý 2025	<div><p>Dubatoloviana fumidisca (Hampson, 1894), comb. n.</p><p>(Figs 47–50, 85, 86, 111, 112)</p><p>Lithosia fumidisca Hampson, 1894, The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Moths, 2: 80 (Type locality (determined by the lectotype designation): [Myanmar] “ Burma, Tenasserim Valley”).</p><p>Type material examined. Lectotype (designated by Hampson (1900) as “ Type ”) (Figs 47, 111): female, “Tenasserim Valley, | E. of Tovoy [Dawei], | Burmah [Myanmar] | Doherty.” / “ Lithosia |</p><p>fumidisca | Hmpn. type. ♀ ” / “Presented by | J.J.Joicey Esq. | Brit. Mus.1934-444.” / round label with red margin “ Type | H.T” / blue label “ Arctiidae | genitalia slide No. 2854 ♀ ” (NHMUK) .</p><p>Additional material examined. THAILAND: 1 male, Chumphon Prov., 162m, Pa Toh, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.78306&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.768055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.78306/lat 9.768055)">Ban Lang Tang</a>, 9°46'5''N, 98°46'59''E, 3.V.2008, K. Černý leg., gen. slide No.: AV8368 ♂ (CKC); 1 male, same data as previous but 2–3.XII.2007, gen. slide No.: AV8370 ♂ (CKC); 1 male, 1 female, same data as previous but 7.XII.2005, gen. slide No.: AV8457 ♀ (CKC) .</p><p>Notes. (1) Lithosia fumidisca was originally described from an unspecified number of female specimens originating from two localities (“Sikhim; Tenasserim Valley”) (Hampson 1894). Subsequently, Hampson (1900) cited only one female from Tenasserim Valley as “type”, which, according to the Article 74.5 of ICZN (1999), should be considered as lectotype designation. (2) The species was placed in the genus Brunia by Dubatolov &amp; Zolotuhin (2011).</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 10.0–11.5 mm in males and 11.0–12.0 mm in females. The male genitalia of D. fumidisca are similar to D. navneetsinghi but differ in the narrower arms of the tegumen, the longer valva, and the larger proximal diverticulum. As the female of D. navneetsinghi remains unknown (see below), the female genitalia of D. fumidisca were compared to the morphologically closest D. trimacula instead, from which D. fumidisca can be distinguished by the larger setose postvaginal lobes of the 8 th sternite, the presence of a sclerotised swollen fascia on the posterior margin of the 7 th sternite, and the broader posterior sclerotised section of the corpus bursae.</p><p>Distribution. The species is known from south-eastern Myanmar (Tanintharyi Region) (Hampson 1894) and Southern Thailand (Chumphon Province) (present study).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC07FFBE7BF6F93EFD3F6E1D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC06FFBE7BF6FC66FD1768BD.text	03FA570AFC06FFBE7BF6FC66FD1768BD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dubatoloviana vieta Volynkin & Černý 2025	<div><p>Dubatoloviana vieta sp. n.</p><p>https://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2BC3FDDF-86F3-4E5C-9F4B-3EDEB685726B</p><p>(Figs 51, 87)</p><p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 51, 87): male, “ Vietnam, Prov. Tuyen Quang | <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.083336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.083336/lat 22.05)">Na Hang Nature Reserve</a>, 300 m | 105°5'E, 22°3'N, 22.II.–5.III.1997 | leg. G. Csorba ” / “Slide | CW 00099 ♂ [prepared by A. Volynkin]” (MWM / ZSM).</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 13.0 mm in the male holotype. Dubatoloviana vieta sp. n. differs externally from the closely related D. navneetsinghi and D. fumidisca in the longer and narrower forewing with a more intense greyish-brown subterminal suffusion at the anal corner. The male genitalia of D. vieta sp. n. are most similar to D. fumidisca but can be distinguished by the longer, narrower and straighter uncus, the slightly shorter valva with a narrower cucullus and a proximally narrower distal saccular process. Additionally, the vinculum of the new species is longer than in the similar congener.</p><p>Distribution. The new species is currently known only from its type locality in Northern Vietnam (Tuyen Quang Province). The record of ‘ Eilema trimacula Holloway’ from Laos (Kishida 2020) probably also belongs to D. vieta sp. n. but requires confirmation.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Viet people native to modern-day Northern Vietnam and Southern China. The name is a noun in the nominative singular.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA570AFC06FFBE7BF6FC66FD1768BD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2025): On the taxonomy of the Brunia Moore generic complex with the description of a new genus, a new subgenus and four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini: Lithosiina). Ecologica Montenegrina 87: 46-76, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.87.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.87.2
03FA570AFC06FFB87BF6F987FC49692F.text	03FA570AFC06FFB87BF6F987FC49692F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dubatoloviana navneetsinghi Volynkin 2021	<div><p>Dubatoloviana navneetsinghi Volynkin, 2021</p><p>(Figs 52, 88)</p><p>Dubatoloviana navneetsinghi Volynkin, 2021, Ecologica Montenegrina, 47: 45, figs 1, 2, 7, 10 (Type locality: “NE India, Assam, Nambor Reserv[e] Forest, Garampani, 100m, 26°30'N, 93°55'E ”).</p><p>Type material examined. Holotype (Figs 52, 88): male, “N-E. India | Assam, Nambor Reserv [e] | <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.916664/lat 26.5)">Forest</a>, Garampani, H= 100 m | 26°30'N, 93°55'E, | 21–29. Nov. 1997. | lg. V. Siniaev [recte: Sinyaev] &amp; M. Murzin | Museum Witt” / “Slide | ZSM Arct. 2021-097 ♂ | A. Volynkin ” (MWM / ZSM) . Paratype: male, same data as in holotype (MWM / ZSM) .</p><p>Note. The twenty-two female specimens originally included into the type series of D. navneetsinghi (Volynkin 2021) in fact represent a dark form of Brunia gibonica (Fig. 53) while the female of D. navneetsinghi remains unknown.</p><p>Distribution. The species is known only from its type locality in Assam, Northeast India</p><p>(Volynkin 2021).</p><p>Acknowledgements</p><p>The senior author expresses his sincere thanks to the following colleagues for their kind assistance during visits to the collections under their care: Axel Hausmann, Mei-Yu Chen and Ulf Buchsbaum (ZSM) ; Alberto Zilli and Geoff Martin (NHMUK) ; and Wolfram Mey (MfN) . Vladimir Dubatolov (Novosibirsk, Russia) and the late Vadim Zolotuhin (Ulyanovsk, Russia) are acknowledged for the photo of the holotype of Lithosia usuguronis Matsumura kindly provided .</p><p>Images of specimens deposited in NHMUK are used with permission and are copyright of the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London and made available under Creative Commons License 4.0, CC-BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).</p><p>References</p><p>Bucsek, K. (2012) Erebidae, Arctiinae (Lithosiini, Arctiini) of Malaya Peninsula-Malaysia. Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, 170 pp.</p><p>Bucsek, K. (2020) Contribution to the knowledge of Lithosiini (Erebidae, Arctiinae) of central and northern Laos, part 4. Entomofauna carpathica, 32 (2), 47–87.</p><p>Draudt, M. (1914) Arctiidae. – Tiger moths (Miltochrista to Stenosa). In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde. 10. Die Indo-Australischen Spinner und Schwärmer. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 135–223. [In German]</p><p>Dubatolov, V.V. &amp; Bucsek, K. (2016) New lichen-moth taxa (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae) from Vietnam. Euroasian entomological journal, 15 (3), 228–238.</p><p>Dubatolov, V.V. &amp; Zolotuhin, V.V. (2011) Does Eilema Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae) present one or several genera? Euroasian entomological journal, 10 (3), 367–379 + 380, pl. VII.</p><p>Fang, C.L. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese with English summary]</p><p>Hampson, G.F. (1894) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma Fauna Br. India (Moths). Vol. 2. Taylor and Francis, London, pp. v-xxii, 1–609.</p><p>Hampson, G.F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosiinae) in the collection of the British Museum. In: Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the collection of the British Museum, 2. British Museum (Natural History), London, xx+ 589 pp., pl. XVIII–XXXV.</p><p>Holloway, J.D. 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