taxonID	type	description	language	source
039F187BEB33C367FF31FF26CE8C46B0.taxon	description	Phylogenetic Analyses — The phylogenetic position of both the new species and the new record was inferred in a global sampling scheme from Lu et al. (2013) using the nuclear ribosomal ITS and five chloroplast DNA regions (atpB-rbcL, rps 16, trnC-petN, trnH-psbA, and trnL-F). Thirty-six new sequences from six newly collected samples of Cyphostemma were generated for this study with the other sequences from Lu et al. (2013, 2017) and Liu et al. (2016) downloaded from GenBank (Appendix 1). Sequence assembly and alignment followed the protocols described in Lu et al. (2013, 2017). Single gene trees were constructed to check whether wellsupported incongruences (bootstrap. 70 %) exist between the chloroplast and ITS topologies (Hillis and Bull 1993) prior to combining all individual data sets. The combined dataset was analyzed with the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods. The ML analyses were conducted in RAxML 8.1.11 (Stamatakis 2006), applying 1,000 bootstrap replicates. A partitioned Bayesian analysis was conducted in MrBayes 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012) as implemented on the CIPRES Science Gateway Portal (Miller et al. 2010). Parameter configuration and convergence estimation followed Lu et al. (2013). Best-fitting model for each of the single partition was calculated using MrModeltest 2.3 (Nylander 2004) under the Akaike information criterion (AIC). GTR 1 G was found to be the most appropriate nucleotide substitution model for atpB-rbcL, rps 16, trnC-petN, trnH-psbA, and trnL-F; GTR 1 I 1 G for ITS.	en	Dang, Viet Cuong, Nguyen, Van Hieu, Dao, Baohui, Yang, Wanliu, Li, Faliang, Yang, Xinkai, Wen, Jun, Chen, Zhiduan, Lu, Limin (2017): A New Species and New Records of Cyphostemma (Vitaceae) from China and Vietnam Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 42 (3): 449-457, DOI: 10.1600/036364417X696032, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417x696032
039F187BEB35C365FF17FC04CEB2452F.taxon	description	Large woody climber. Older stems cylindrical, growing to 14 cm in diam, bark corky and deeply fissured; younger stems ridged, yellow-brownish, sometimes with lenticels. Tendrils leaf-opposed, bifurcate, robust, and pubescent in younger branches. Leaves digitately compound, 5 - foliolate, or usually 3 - or 4 - foliolate on the reproductive branches; petiole 5 – 15 cm 3 3 – 5 mm, petiolule of central leaflet 1.5 – 4 cm long, petiolules of lateral leaflets 1 – 3 cm long, pilose; central leaflet ovate-elliptic, 10 – 15 3 6 – 9 cm, lateral leaflets 7.5 – 12 3 5 – 7 cm, leaflet blade abaxially light green or pink, adaxially dark green, pubescent on both surfaces, apex acute or shortly acuminate, base obtuse, margin serrate with 15 – 20 rounded teeth on each side, veins prominent on the abaxial side, 1 main basal vein, 5 – 7 pairs of secondary veins. Stipules falcate, 1 – 1.5 3 0.3 – 0.7 cm, conspicuous. Inflorescence a compound cyme, dichotomously branched, axillary or pseudo-terminal, 10 – 26 cm long; peduncles 10 – 14 cm 3 3.5 – 6 mm, densely pubescent. Flowers 4 – 6 mm long; pedicel 4 – 9 mm long, densely pubescent. Calyx cupular, entire, pubescent. Petals 4, ovate-elliptic to oblong, constricted at the middle, 3 – 5 3 1.5 – 2 mm, tomentose outside. Stamens 4, filaments filiform, 2.7 – 3.2 mm long, anthers yellow, ovate. Ovary 2.7 – 3.2 mm in diam, hairy, style 2.9 – 3.1 mm long, stigmas inconspicuous. Floral disk with four separate glands, almost covering the ovary, yellow. Fruit a 1 - seeded berry, globose, 2 – 3 cm in diam, glabrous, base attenuate. Seed oblong-obovoid, 9 – 10 3 5.5 – 6.5 mm, rugose on adaxial side with linear groove, abaxial side with a crest. Endosperm M-shaped. Phenology — Flowering from February to March; fruiting from March to May.	en	Dang, Viet Cuong, Nguyen, Van Hieu, Dao, Baohui, Yang, Wanliu, Li, Faliang, Yang, Xinkai, Wen, Jun, Chen, Zhiduan, Lu, Limin (2017): A New Species and New Records of Cyphostemma (Vitaceae) from China and Vietnam Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 42 (3): 449-457, DOI: 10.1600/036364417X696032, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417x696032
039F187BEB35C365FF17FC04CEB2452F.taxon	distribution	Distribution and Habitat — The new species is only known from the vicinity of the type locality over a range of 75 km, in the tropical monsoon forest at an altitude of 700 to 1,000 m in Dehong, Yunnan, China (Fig. 4).	en	Dang, Viet Cuong, Nguyen, Van Hieu, Dao, Baohui, Yang, Wanliu, Li, Faliang, Yang, Xinkai, Wen, Jun, Chen, Zhiduan, Lu, Limin (2017): A New Species and New Records of Cyphostemma (Vitaceae) from China and Vietnam Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 42 (3): 449-457, DOI: 10.1600/036364417X696032, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417x696032
039F187BEB35C365FF17FC04CEB2452F.taxon	etymology	Etymology — The specific epithet “ dehongense ” refers to the type locality, Dehong prefecture in Yunnan Province. Conservation Status — Four populations of the new species have been discovered in the protected areas so far. Its area of occupancy (AOO) is less than 20 km 2. Although individuals grow well, the new species is suffering from loss of natural habitats due to the ongoing deforestation in its distribution range. If an IUCN Red List evaluation was conducted, the species would be classified as vulnerable (VU D 2). Representative Specimens Examined — CHINA. Yunnan, Dehong, Yingjiang, Tongbiguan, near King of Ficus, W slope, road side, 877 m, 97 ° 35 0 43.30 E, 24 ° 40 0 00.20 N, 9 Nov 2014, Z. D. Chen et al. DH 45 (PE); Yunnan, Dehong, Yingjiang, near King of Ficus, 918 m, 97 ° 45 0 32.40 E, 24 ° 46 0 09.90 N, 1 May 2016, B. Liu et al. 26138 (PE); Yunnan, Dehong, Yingjiang, Taiping Town, Xueli Village, 751 m, 97 ° 57 0 55.30 E, 24 ° 45 0 04.40 N, 2 May 2016, B. Liu et al. 26181 (PE); Yunnan, Dehong, Yingjiang, Taiping Town, Xueli Village, 755 m, 98 ° 01 0 28.40 E, 24 ° 45 0 48.10 N, 2 May 2016, B. Liu et al. 26182 (PE).	en	Dang, Viet Cuong, Nguyen, Van Hieu, Dao, Baohui, Yang, Wanliu, Li, Faliang, Yang, Xinkai, Wen, Jun, Chen, Zhiduan, Lu, Limin (2017): A New Species and New Records of Cyphostemma (Vitaceae) from China and Vietnam Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 42 (3): 449-457, DOI: 10.1600/036364417X696032, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417x696032
039F187BEB35C365FF17FC04CEB2452F.taxon	description	NEW RECORD FROM VIETNAM — CYPHOSTEMMA AURICULATUM (Roxb.) P. Singh & B. V. Shetty, Taxon 35 (3): 596. 1986.	en	Dang, Viet Cuong, Nguyen, Van Hieu, Dao, Baohui, Yang, Wanliu, Li, Faliang, Yang, Xinkai, Wen, Jun, Chen, Zhiduan, Lu, Limin (2017): A New Species and New Records of Cyphostemma (Vitaceae) from China and Vietnam Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 42 (3): 449-457, DOI: 10.1600/036364417X696032, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417x696032
039F187BEB35C365FF17FC04CEB2452F.taxon	description	Cayratia auriculata (Roxb.) Gamble, Fl. Madras 2: 237. 1918. — TYPE: Roxburgh Flora Indica illustration in Kew, No. 1788 (lectotype: K!, designated by Trias-Blasi et al. 2015 a: 2). Phenology — Flowering from February to March; fruiting from March to May.	en	Dang, Viet Cuong, Nguyen, Van Hieu, Dao, Baohui, Yang, Wanliu, Li, Faliang, Yang, Xinkai, Wen, Jun, Chen, Zhiduan, Lu, Limin (2017): A New Species and New Records of Cyphostemma (Vitaceae) from China and Vietnam Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 42 (3): 449-457, DOI: 10.1600/036364417X696032, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417x696032
039F187BEB35C365FF17FC04CEB2452F.taxon	distribution	Distribution and Habitat — In mixed deciduous forests and degraded, fire-prone areas of Bangladesh, Bhutan, Laos, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam, 600 – 1,300 m (Fig. 4). Conservation Status — Trias-Blasi et al. (2015 a) recommended to treat this species as data deficient (DD) due to insufficient specimen data from other Asian countries. It is known from four populations in Thailand and only two populations were found in the non-protected forest areas of northern Vietnam. If an IUCN Red List evaluation was conducted (IUCN, 2012), the conservation status of C. auriculatum would be Data Deficient (DD), because thorough field investigations should be conducted to determine the distribution and abundance of the species. Representative Specimens Examined — INDIA. Rajmahal, Ganges R., 1820, Wallich 6031 a (K); Irrawaddy R. [Ayeyarwady R.], Yenangheum [Yenangyaung], 1825, Wallich 6031 b (K); Prome [Pyay], 1826, Wallich 6031 c (K). LAOS. Haut laos, 15 km de Phong Saly sur piste de Bun Tai, 1200 m, 8 May 1936, E. Poilane 26021 (P). THAILAND. Mae Hong Son, Mae Sariang Dist., 44 – 45 km markers ca. 44.5 km W of Hot, 5 Nov 2003, J. Wen 7405 (US). VIETNAM. Quang Tri, Laobao, 256.2 km de la route du Mékong, 8 Apr 1920, E. Poilane 1358 (P); Son La, Mai Son, Phieng Cam, 930 m, 103 ° 49 0 37.10 E, 21 ° 05 0 49.60 N, 2 Aug 2016, V. C. Dang 201624 D (PE).	en	Dang, Viet Cuong, Nguyen, Van Hieu, Dao, Baohui, Yang, Wanliu, Li, Faliang, Yang, Xinkai, Wen, Jun, Chen, Zhiduan, Lu, Limin (2017): A New Species and New Records of Cyphostemma (Vitaceae) from China and Vietnam Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 42 (3): 449-457, DOI: 10.1600/036364417X696032, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417x696032
