taxonID	type	description	language	source
03B687AAFF82FFBEFF5853B2FB767B22.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Cervus rufinus Pucheran, 1851: 561.	en	Ramírez-Chaves, Héctor E., Morales-Martínez, Darwin M., Cardona-Giraldo, Alexandra, Castellanos, Oscar, Ospina, Oscar, Ossa-López, Paula A., Rivera-Páez, Fredy A., Noguera-Urbano, Elkin A. (2025): Systematics of the dwarf red brocket, Mazama rufina (Pucheran, 1851) (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Cervidae) with the description of a new genus. Zootaxa 5711 (2): 223-240, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4
03B687AAFF82FFBEFF5853B2FB767B22.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Andinocervus (Latin andinus = Andean; cervus = deer). The prefix Andino is a Spanish word meaning “ of the Andes, ” which itself is derived from Andes, the mountain range of South America, in which the species inhabits. The suffix cervus is a Latin word for “ deer ”, and honors the original name in which the nominal species was described (Cervus rufinus). The proposed genus name Andinocervus is to be treated as a masculine noun.	en	Ramírez-Chaves, Héctor E., Morales-Martínez, Darwin M., Cardona-Giraldo, Alexandra, Castellanos, Oscar, Ospina, Oscar, Ossa-López, Paula A., Rivera-Páez, Fredy A., Noguera-Urbano, Elkin A. (2025): Systematics of the dwarf red brocket, Mazama rufina (Pucheran, 1851) (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Cervidae) with the description of a new genus. Zootaxa 5711 (2): 223-240, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4
03B687AAFF82FFBEFF5853B2FB767B22.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Because Andinocervus is monotypic, this diagnosis applies to both the genus and to A. rufinus. It represents a monophyletic lineage sister to a clade formed by Mazama and Odocoileus. A small brocket, with body length smaller than 900 mm, and hind legs longer than forelegs. Cranial measurements include a skull length of less than 175 mm and an upper toothrow of up to 57 mm. The skull has a deep and well-excavated lacrimal fossa. The antlers are short (> 80 mm) and unbranched (Figure 4), with the shape of small spikes. Dorsal pelage coloration is reddish brown and becomes blackish on the legs, reaching down to the hoofs. Ventral fur coloration is lighter that the dorsum but not very countershading. The face is also blackish forming a mask that includes the chin but not the cheeks, surrounding the eyes. It also has whitish mental and narial patches. Ears with internal borders and part of the posterior half of the pinnae whitish. Abdomen and ventral side of legs vary between ochre and reddish brown with long (~ 70 mm near the genitals) and cottony pelage. Tail is short, up to 150 mm including hairs, with the ventral area whitish.	en	Ramírez-Chaves, Héctor E., Morales-Martínez, Darwin M., Cardona-Giraldo, Alexandra, Castellanos, Oscar, Ospina, Oscar, Ossa-López, Paula A., Rivera-Páez, Fredy A., Noguera-Urbano, Elkin A. (2025): Systematics of the dwarf red brocket, Mazama rufina (Pucheran, 1851) (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Cervidae) with the description of a new genus. Zootaxa 5711 (2): 223-240, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4
03B687AAFF82FFBEFF5853B2FB767B22.taxon	distribution	Distribution: It occurs throughout the northern Andes, from Peru north of the Marañón depression through Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela (Figure 3), at elevations ranging from 1,000 to 3,700 m.	en	Ramírez-Chaves, Héctor E., Morales-Martínez, Darwin M., Cardona-Giraldo, Alexandra, Castellanos, Oscar, Ospina, Oscar, Ossa-López, Paula A., Rivera-Páez, Fredy A., Noguera-Urbano, Elkin A. (2025): Systematics of the dwarf red brocket, Mazama rufina (Pucheran, 1851) (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Cervidae) with the description of a new genus. Zootaxa 5711 (2): 223-240, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4
03B687AAFF83FFBEFF585784FA817C55.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality: “ la vallée de Lloa, sur le versant occidental de la Cordillière du Pichincha; ” Ecuador. Holotype: Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (MNHN) — MNHN-ZM-MO- 1851 - 61, by monotypy.	en	Ramírez-Chaves, Héctor E., Morales-Martínez, Darwin M., Cardona-Giraldo, Alexandra, Castellanos, Oscar, Ospina, Oscar, Ossa-López, Paula A., Rivera-Páez, Fredy A., Noguera-Urbano, Elkin A. (2025): Systematics of the dwarf red brocket, Mazama rufina (Pucheran, 1851) (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Cervidae) with the description of a new genus. Zootaxa 5711 (2): 223-240, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4
03B687AAFF83FFBEFF585784FA817C55.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: As for the genus.	en	Ramírez-Chaves, Héctor E., Morales-Martínez, Darwin M., Cardona-Giraldo, Alexandra, Castellanos, Oscar, Ospina, Oscar, Ossa-López, Paula A., Rivera-Páez, Fredy A., Noguera-Urbano, Elkin A. (2025): Systematics of the dwarf red brocket, Mazama rufina (Pucheran, 1851) (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Cervidae) with the description of a new genus. Zootaxa 5711 (2): 223-240, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4
03B687AAFF83FFBEFF585784FA817C55.taxon	vernacular_names	Common names: dwarf red brocket; little red brocket (English). Venado de páramo, venado chonta, soche de páramo (Spanish).	en	Ramírez-Chaves, Héctor E., Morales-Martínez, Darwin M., Cardona-Giraldo, Alexandra, Castellanos, Oscar, Ospina, Oscar, Ossa-López, Paula A., Rivera-Páez, Fredy A., Noguera-Urbano, Elkin A. (2025): Systematics of the dwarf red brocket, Mazama rufina (Pucheran, 1851) (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Cervidae) with the description of a new genus. Zootaxa 5711 (2): 223-240, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4
03B687AAFF83FFBEFF585784FA817C55.taxon	description	Description: A small brocket (head and body length, 85 – 90 cm; height at shoulders, 45 cm; weight, 10 – 15 kg); pelage reddish brown and becomes blackish on the legs, reaching down to the hoofs. The tail is short with white hairs in the ventral side. Approximately ¾ of the hairs exhibit a cream-gray band and the tips are reddish. Dorsal hairs are long (~ 45 mm). Neck shorter than the head´s length. Fur over the head is shorter (~ 20 mm) than in the back. The hairs of the nape are not reversed. It has four inguinal teats. Males with small tuffs around the antlers. Approximately six superciliary (up to 35 mm in length), seven mystical, and more than 15 interramal vibrissae. Andinocervus rufinus is the second smallest deer species in the Andean region of Colombia and Ecuador (greatest length of the skull: 170 – 172 mm), and the smallest brocket in Venezuela. Cranially, it is smaller than other sympatric or allopatric species, and exhibits round and excavated preorbital fossa (Table 2).	en	Ramírez-Chaves, Héctor E., Morales-Martínez, Darwin M., Cardona-Giraldo, Alexandra, Castellanos, Oscar, Ospina, Oscar, Ossa-López, Paula A., Rivera-Páez, Fredy A., Noguera-Urbano, Elkin A. (2025): Systematics of the dwarf red brocket, Mazama rufina (Pucheran, 1851) (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Cervidae) with the description of a new genus. Zootaxa 5711 (2): 223-240, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4
03B687AAFF83FFBEFF585784FA817C55.taxon	diagnosis	Comparisons: Andinocervus rufinus is similar in size to Mazama nanus and the gray brockets, i. e., Passalites nemorivagus, Subulo gouazoubira, but can be easily differentiated by a more excavated lacrimal fossae and smaller vacuities. Externally, juveniles of A. rufinus are similar to adults of P. mephistophiles (Figure 5), but they can be differentiated by the reduced tail of the latter. Adults of both species are easily differentiated based on the larger external and cranial size and the lack of vestigial canines of the A. rufinus. Other small deer such as Pudu puda, and both Pudella carlae and P. mephistophiles are smaller in external and cranial measurements and exhibit upper vestigial canines. Mazama temama lacks the excavated preorbital fossa, does not have the black mask and the general coloration is lighter. “ Mazama ” chunyi is similar in size than A. rufinus, but lacks the dark brown face.	en	Ramírez-Chaves, Héctor E., Morales-Martínez, Darwin M., Cardona-Giraldo, Alexandra, Castellanos, Oscar, Ospina, Oscar, Ossa-López, Paula A., Rivera-Páez, Fredy A., Noguera-Urbano, Elkin A. (2025): Systematics of the dwarf red brocket, Mazama rufina (Pucheran, 1851) (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Cervidae) with the description of a new genus. Zootaxa 5711 (2): 223-240, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5711.2.4
