identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03B6C862854E2B0BAA1FDCB5FABDFBD0.text	03B6C862854E2B0BAA1FDCB5FABDFBD0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Polypodiopsida	<div><p>Key for fern genera in the PNNRP, Brazil</p><p>1. Sporangia with apical annulus found only in the basal pair of modified pinnae (fronds hemidimorphic) or located at the margin of the pinnae, in this case with the fertile frond distinct from the sterile ones (fronds holodimorphic)...............................................................................................1. Anemia ( Anemiaceae)</p><p>1’. Sporangia with longitudinal or obliquous annulus, gathered in sori beneath or marginally in the laminae</p><p>2. Fronds pseudodichotomously cleft, with hairy or scaly dormant buds between the lateral branches, generally scandent over the vegetation; sporangia normally 3–10(–15) per sorus.............................. ..................................................................................................................8. Dicranopteris ( Gleicheniaceae)</p><p>2’. Fronds simple, pinnate, or many-divided, without dormant buds, not scandent and not pseudodichotomously cleft; sporangia&gt; 15 per sorus.</p><p>3. Arborescent plants with caudices ...........................................................4. Cyathea ( Cyatheaceae)</p><p>3’. Herbaceous or creeping plants without caudices.</p><p>4. Laminae translucent, 1–2 cell layers between the veins; sori marginal, indusium tubular ..........................................................................................9. Trichomanes ( Hymenophyllaceae)</p><p>4’. Laminae not translucent,&gt; 2 layers of cells between the veins; sori abaxial or submarginal; indusia or pseudoindusia rounded, oblong or linear.</p><p>5. Sori protected by retroflexed laminae margins (pseudoindusium).</p><p>6. Stem long-creeping, hairs present; laminae 4-pinnate-pinnatifid, with farinaceous appearance beneath.......................5. Pteridium ( Dennstaedtiaceae)</p><p>6’. Stem short-creeping to ascendant, scales present; laminae 1- or 2-pinnate, without farinaceous appearance beneath.</p><p>7. Presence of veins in the pseudoindusium; fronds 1-pinnate, last segments flabellate, glabrous; stem with concolorous scales ................................................................................. 12. Adiantum ( Pteridaceae)</p><p>7’. Absence of veins in the pseudoindusium; fronds 1-pinnate distally to 2-pinnate proximally; last segments ovate-oblong, pubescent; stem with bicolor scales................13. Cheilanthes ( Pteridaceae)</p><p>5’. Sori not protected by retroflexed laminae margins (indusia absent or present).</p><p>8. Laminae simple; sori acrostichoid ................................................ 7. Elaphoglossum ( Dryopteridaceae)</p><p>8’. Laminae divided; sori linear, oblong or rounded.</p><p>9. Sori linear, adjacent, and parallel to the midrib.</p><p>10. Stem erect or decumbent; fronds pinnatissect or 1-pinnate; pinnae not articulated with the rachis, without scales beneath the midrib ........................... 2. Blechnum ( Blechnaceae)</p><p>10’. Stem long-creeping; fronds 1-pinnate; pinnae articulated with the rachis, with scales beneath the midrib............................................................. 3. Telmatoblechnum ( Blechnaceae)</p><p>9’. Sori circular or linear disposed along the veins, not adjacent or parallel to the midrib.</p><p>11. Pinnae with white wax abaxially; sori linear along the veins; indusia absent ................... .................................................................................................. 14. Pityrogramma ( Pteridaceae)</p><p>11’. Pinnae without white or yellow wax abaxially; sori not following the veins; indusia absent or present.</p><p>12. Fronds 1- or 2-pinnate, pinnae or pinnules dimidiate or semilunar ........................... ............................................................................................... 10. Lindsaea ( Lindsaeaceae)</p><p>12’. Fronds 1-pinnate or 1-pinnate-pinnatifid, pinnae or pinnules linear or lanceolate.</p><p>13. Sori with indusia.</p><p>14. Veins anastomosed; fronds dimorphic, 1-pinnate ........................................ ....................................................................... 6. Cyclodium ( Dryopteridaceae)</p><p>14’. Veins free; fronds monomorphic, 1-pinnate-pinnatifid ............................... ......................................................................15. Christella ( Thelypteridaceae)</p><p>13’. Sori without indusia.</p><p>15. Stem densely pubescent, with multicellular hairs; veins free; sori circular, on the costal midribs .......................................... 11. Metaxya ( Metaxyaceae)</p><p>15’. Stem glabrous; veins anastomosed; sori oblong or linear on the meniscioid veins ......................................................... 16. Meniscium ( Thelypteridaceae)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862854E2B0BAA1FDCB5FABDFBD0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862854F2B0BAB16DC09FABDF9EC.text	03B6C862854F2B0BAB16DC09FABDF9EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anemia Sw.	<div><p>1. Anemia Sw.</p><p>Brazil is the center of diversity for this genus, with 65 recorded species, of which 40 are endemic to this country (Mickel 2016; Labiak 2023).</p><p>Key for species of Anemia in the PNNRP, Brazil</p><p>1. Holodimorphic fronds; sterile fronds 2–3-pinnate; sterile pinnae 2–4 pairs, dichotomically divided, glabrescent...........................................................................................................................1.1. Anemia buniifolia</p><p>1’. Hemidimorphic fronds; sterile fronds 1-pinnate; sterile pinnae 5–11 pairs, not dichotomically divided, petiole hairy.</p><p>2. Laminae of fertile fronds larger than the sterile ones and overtaking them; petioles of fertile fronds (4.5–) 6.2–9.2 cm long ............................................................................................. 1.2. Anemia oblongifolia</p><p>2’. Laminae of fertile fronds approximately equal to the sterile ones and not overtaking them in length; petioles of fertile fronds 0.6–4.7(–6) cm long ..........................................................1.3. Anemia presliana</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862854F2B0BAB16DC09FABDF9EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862854F2B0BA8B1DC09FDDBFB18.text	03B6C862854F2B0BA8B1DC09FDDBFB18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anemiaceae	<div><p>Anemiaceae .</p><p>This family comprises 98 Neotropical species, while 16 occur in Africa and Madagascar and a single species in India (Mickel 2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862854F2B0BA8B1DC09FDDBFB18	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862854F2B0DA8B1DE1EFD3AFCE1.text	03B6C862854F2B0DA8B1DE1EFD3AFCE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anemia buniifolia (Gardner) T. Moore, Index	<div><p>1.1. Anemia buniifolia (Gardner) T.Moore, Index Fil. (T.Moore) 3: cxvi (1857). Fig. 3a</p><p>Plants terrestrial or rupicolous. Stem erect, compact, with reddish-brown hairs. Frond holodimorphic, erect, sterile frond 1.5–3 cm long, 2–3 pinnate, fertile frond 1.7–6.8 cm long; petiole paleaceous, not sulcate, glabrescent, petiole of sterile frond 0.7–1.3 cm long, petiole of the fertile frond 2–5 cm long; rachis paleaceous, with sparse hairs; sterile laminae 0.7–3.2 cm long, oblongovate, coriaceous; sterile pinnae 4–8 × 0.3–0.5 cm, 2–4 pairs, dichotomically divided, margin entire, glabrescent, fertile pinnae not inserted immediately below the pair of sterile pinnae; veins free.</p><p>Examined material: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.380833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.055834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.380833/lat -10.055834)">Ladeira da Galiléia</a>, 10°03’21’’S, 46°22’51’’W, 578 m, 17.III.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 280 (CCAA, UB, UPCB) .</p><p>Anemia buniifolia is distributed throughout South America, occurring in Bolivia, Colombia, Suriname, Venezuela, and Brazil (Mickel 2016), where it occurs in the Amazon and Cerrado biomes (Labiak 2023). Specimens in the study area were recorded in the cerrado rupestre, growing in crevices of the arenitic rocks amidst treelets and shrubs.</p><p>This species is characterized by its holodimorphic fronds with lax, dichotomous sterile pinnae and fertile fronds, with sporangia found throughout the fertile pinnae that are generally longer than the sterile ones. Anemia buniifolia resembles A. millefolia (Gardner) C. Presl in the holodimorphic fronds, 2–3 pinnate sterile laminae, and segments around 0.5 mm wide (Mickel 2016). However, A. millefolia differs by having strictly pinnate sterile pinnae, with a denser aspect, while in A. buniifolia the sterile pinnae are dichotomous and lax (Mickel 2016; Smith &amp; Kessler 2017a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862854F2B0DA8B1DE1EFD3AFCE1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285492B0DA8B1DB21FBB9FD35.text	03B6C86285492B0DA8B1DB21FBB9FD35.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anemia oblongifolia (Cav.) Sw., Syn. Fil. (Swartz	<div><p>1.2. Anemia oblongifolia (Cav.) Sw., Syn. Fil. (Swartz) 156 (1806). Fig. 3b</p><p>Plants terrestrial or rupicolous. Stem suberect to erect, with orange hairs. Fronds hemidimorphic, erect, sterile fronds 3–13 cm long, 1-pinnate, fertile fronds 9–15 cm long; larger than the sterile ones and overtaking them, petiole paleaceous, sulcate on the adaxial side, with dense hairs, petiole of sterile fronds 0.3–7.3 cm long, petiole of fertile fronds (4.5–) 6.2–9.2 cm long; rachis paleaceous, with dense hairs; sterile laminae 2.8–14 cm long, oblong, chartaceous to coriaceous; sterile pinnae 0.6–2.2 × 0.3–0.5 cm, 5–11 pairs, oblong, denticulate margins, with whitish hairs on both sides, fertile pinnae inserted immediately below the pair of sterile pinnae, exceeding the sterile portion of the laminae; veins free.</p><p>Examined material: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, descida da Galiléia, 10°03’08’’S, 46°22’38’’W, 537 m, 17.III.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 278 (CCAA); ladeira da Galiléia, 10°03’21’’S, 46°22’51’’W, 578 m, 17.III.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 279 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 284 (CCAA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.744446&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.8955555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.744446/lat -9.8955555)">Morro do Cangaia</a>, 9°53’44’’S, 45°44’40’’W, 512 m, 18.III.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 290 (CCAA, UB, UPCB) .</p><p>Anemia oblongifolia is distributed throughout the Neotropical region, occurring from Costa Rica to Brazil (Mickel 2016), where it occurs in the Amazon, Caatinga, Cerrado, and Atlantic Forest biomes (Labiak 2023). Specimens in the study area were recorded in the cerrado rupestre, growing in crevices of the arenitic rocks amidst treelets and shrubs.</p><p>This species is characterized by hemidimorphic fronds, oblong sterile pinnae with generally whitish dense hairs on both surfaces, and fertile laminae with elongated petioles, surpassing the sterile fronds. Anemia oblongifolia resembles A. mynsseniana Mickel and Anemia andersonii Mickel &amp; Labiak with its oblong sterile pinnae and fertile fronds with elongated petiole, which surpasses the sterile fronds in length. However, A. mynsseniana presents strongly coriaceous and glabrescent laminae (vs. moderate to densely pubescent laminae in A. oblongifolia). Furthermore, A. andersonii presents a larger number of pinnae, between (8–)11–20 pairs (vs. 5–11 pairs), and laminae that are distally narrowed (vs. laminae that are generally not narrowed at the apex) (Mickel 2016). Anemia oblongifolia is widely distributed in Brazil, recorded for the Amazon, Caatinga, Cerrado, and Atlantic Rainforest biomes, whilst A. andersonii and A. mynsseniana are recorded only in the Cerrado, with A. mynsseniana endemic to Brazil (Bahia, Distrito Federal, Goiás, Minas Gerais, and Tocantins) (Labiak 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285492B0DA8B1DB21FBB9FD35	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285492B0FAB16DB4BFF67FD4C.text	03B6C86285492B0FAB16DB4BFF67FD4C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anemia presliana Prantl, Unters. Morph. Gefasskrypt.	<div><p>1.3. Anemia presliana Prantl, Unters. Morph. Gefasskrypt. 2: 104 (1881). Fig. 3c</p><p>Plants terrestrial or rupicolous.Stem suberect to erect, with pale brown hairs. Fronds hemidimorphic, erect, sterile fronds 4.5–15.5 cm long, 1-pinnate, fertile fronds 11.5–20 cm long; petiole paleaceous, adaxially sulcate, with dense hairs, petiole of sterile fronds 1.2–3.5 cm long, petiole of fertile fronds 0.6– 4.7(–6) cm long; rachis paleaceous, with dense hairs; sterile laminae 2.8–14 cm long, oblong, chartaceous; sterile pinnae 1–1.8 × 0.6–0.8 cm, 8–12 pairs, oblong, denticulate margins, with hairs on both sides, fertile pinnae inserted immediately below the pair of sterile pinnae, not exceeding the sterile portion of the laminae; veins free.</p><p>Examined material: MARANHÃO: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, 10°10’09.8’’S, 45°55’27.4’’W, 21.IV.2023, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 20 (CCAA, UB) ; trilha em direção à <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.924168&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.169445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.924168/lat -10.169445)">Cachoeira do Sussuapara</a>, 10°10’10’’S, 45°55’27’’W, 407 m, 15.XII.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 170 (CCAA, UB). PIAUÍ:Barreiras do PiauÍ, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.852222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.190556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.852222/lat -10.190556)">Cachoeira do Pintado</a>, 10°11’26’’S, 45°51’08’’W, 436 m, 13.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al.61 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al.73 (CCAA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.796665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.195833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.796665/lat -10.195833)">Cachoeira do Urubu</a>, 10°11’45’’S, 45°47’48’’W, 470 m, 14.XII.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 103 (CCAA); margem do Rio ParnaÍba, entrando no Maranhão, 09°53’23’’S, 45°51’38’’W, 390 m, 18.III.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 292 (CCAA, UB). TOCANTINS: São Félix do Tocantins, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.47639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.206111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.47639/lat -10.206111)">Cachoeira do Prata</a>, 10°12’22’’S, 46°28’35’’W, 485 m, 15.III.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 249 (CCAA, UB); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 251 (CCAA, UB) .</p><p>Anemia presliana has a Neotropical distribution, occurring from Mexico to Brazil (Mickel 2016). In Brazil, it occurs primarily in the Cerrado biome (Labiak 2023). In the area of study, dense populations were recorded growing on rock formations within the interior of the gallery forest and close to waterfalls.</p><p>This species is characterized by the 1-pinnate lamina, with oblong pinnae and fertile fronds approximately the same length as the sterile fronds. One of the species most resembling Anemia presliana is A. pubescens Mickel &amp; Labiak, recently described for the state of Goiás, differing because the latter has long and abundant hairs c. 1mm in length and a thin lamina towards the apex. In comparison, in A. presliana the hairs are shorter than 1 mm, and laminae do not become thinner towards the apex (Mickel 2016). It resembles Anemia oblongifolia due to the pubescence and format of the pinnae, but it differs with fertile laminae which are the same length as the sterile ones (vs. fertile laminae that surpass the sterile ones).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285492B0FAB16DB4BFF67FD4C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862854B2B0FAB16D8AFFBE2FE80.text	03B6C862854B2B0FAB16D8AFFBE2FE80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Blechnaceae Newman.	<div><p>Blechnaceae Newman.</p><p>Subcosmopolitan, comprising 24 genera and around 265 species (Gasper et al. 2016; PPG I 2016). In Brazil, 10 genera and around 35 species are recorded (Dittrich et al. 2023) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862854B2B0FAB16D8AFFBE2FE80	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862854B2B0FA8B1DBABFAB6FA40.text	03B6C862854B2B0FA8B1DBABFAB6FA40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Blechnum areolatum V. A. O. Dittrich & Salino	<div><p>2.1. Blechnum areolatum V.A.O.Dittrich &amp; Salino, Syst. Bot. 37(1): 40, f.1-3 (2012). Fig. 3 d-e</p><p>Plants rupicolous. Stem erect or decumbent, scales lanceolate, 2.4–4.3 cm long, pale brown. Fronds 7.5–30.2 cm long, monomorphic, 1-pinnate, the fertile longer than the sterile; petiole (2.1–) 3.8–16.8 cm long, paleaceous to brown, adaxially sulcate, with scales at the base similar to those on the stem; rachis adaxially sulcate, with short hairs abaxially; laminae 4.7–13.6 × 1.9–10.3 cm, 1-pinnate, triangular to deltoide, truncate at base; pinnae (2.4–)3–11 × 0.8–1.6 cm, 1–2 pairs, lanceolate, membranaceous, with short hairs abaxially; sessile to adnate, finely denticulate margins, obtuse to acute apex; veins partially anastomosing, form areoles along costae lent free towards the margin. Sori linear, parallel to the costae; indusia linear, introrse.</p><p>Examined material: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, 10°10’09’’S, 45°53’27’’W, trilha em direção à Cachoeira do Sussuapara, 407 m, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 21 (CCAA, UB); 15.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 171 (CCAA) .</p><p>Blechnum areolatum is endemic in Brazil and has been recorded in the states of Pará and Mato Grosso (Dittrich &amp; Gasper 2023). In the present study it has been recorded for the first time in the Cerrado, in the state of Maranhão, and is found growing on shaded rock formations, inside gallery forest.</p><p>This species can be characterized by pinnae with only one row of areoles (occasionally two) along the sides, with inconspicuously denticulated margins (apparently entire) and without auricules in the acroscopic portion. Hairs minute and sparse, found principally at the base of the pinnae and are present only beneath the lamina.</p><p>Blechnum areolatum resembles B. heringeri Brade e B. longipilosum V.A.O. Dittrich &amp; Salino due to the partially anastomosed veins. Blechnum heringeri differs in its acroscopic basal portion of the auriculate pinnae, pubescent adaxially (vs. the acroscopic basal portion of the pinnae are truncated, glabrous adaxially in B. areolatum), whereas in B. longipilosum the laminae have 4–7 pairs of pinnae, densely pubescent on both surfaces (vs. laminae with 1–2 pairs of pinnae, with minute hairs abaxially in B. areolatum) (Dittrich et al. 2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862854B2B0FA8B1DBABFAB6FA40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862854B2B0FAB16D902FABDFCA3.text	03B6C862854B2B0FAB16D902FABDFCA3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Blechnum L.	<div><p>2. Blechnum L.</p><p>Blechnum comprises around 25 species, the majority of these being Neotropical, with some species occurring in southern Africa (Gasper et al. 2016). In Brazil, 15 species occur (Dittrich &amp; Gasper 2023). In the area of study, two species were recorded, with both new records in the State of Maranhão. Within these species, Blechnum areolatum V.A.O. Dittrich &amp; Salino is highlighted as a new occurrence for the Brazilian Cerrado.</p><p>Key for the species of Blechnum in the PNNRP, Brazil</p><p>1. Veins partially anastomosing; lamina 1-pinnate, not narrowed at the base; 1–2 pairs of pinnae .............. ................................................................................................................................. 2.1. Blechnum areolatum</p><p>1’. Veins free; lamina pinnatisect, gradually narrowed towards the base, forming semicircular lobes; 5–21 pairs of pinnae ............................................................................................................ 2.2. Blechnum asplenioides</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862854B2B0FAB16D902FABDFCA3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862854B2B00AB16DDC2FE53FBAA.text	03B6C862854B2B00AB16DDC2FE53FBAA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Blechnum asplenioides Sw., Kongl	<div><p>2.2. Blechnum asplenioides Sw., Kongl . Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 72, t.3, f.3 (1817). Fig. 3f</p><p>Plants terrestrial or rupicolous. Stem erect, scales lanceolate, 2.1–2.6 mm long, pale brown to blackish. Fronds (3.4–) 4.1–10.2 cm long, monomorphic; pinnatisect, petiole 4–9 mm long, paleaceous, adaxially sulcate, with scales at the base similar to those on the stem; rachis adaxially sulcate, with scales at the base and sparse hairs abaxially, scales similar to those on the stem; laminae 3.6–9.7 × 0.8–1.2 cm, linear-lanceolate, gradually narrowed towards the base, forming semicircular lobes; pinnae 5–7 × 4–5 mm, 5–21 pairs, triangular, chartaceous, with sparse diminutive hairs mainly beneath the basal pinnae, which is adnate to the rachis, median and apical pinnae ascending with entire to slightly denticulate margins, apex rounded to subacute; veins free. Sori linear, parallel to the costae; indusia linear, introrse.</p><p>Examined material: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.927223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.165555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.927223/lat -10.165555)">Cachoeira do Sussuapara</a>, 10°09’56’’S, 45°55’38’’W, 422 m, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 30 (CCAA, UB); 15.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 168 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 180 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 235 (CCAA) .</p><p>Blechnum asplenioides is a South American species, occurring from the region of the Guianas to Argentina (Dittrich et al. 2015). In Brazil, it occurs in the Amazon, Cerrado, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pampa biomes (Dittrich et al. 2015; Dittrich &amp; Gasper 2023). This is the first record of this species for the state of Maranhão, where it was collected in the PNNRP on the shore of the Sussuapara waterfall, forming large populations on humid rocks close to waterfalls.</p><p>Blechnum asplenioides is characterized by the pinnatisect frond, gradually narrowed in the direction of the base, with the first pinnate pair adnate to the rachis, forming semicircular lobes, and medium pinnae ascending distally.</p><p>Blechnum asplenioides resembles B.polypodioides Raddi, which also occurs in the Brazilian Cerrado. The two species have pinnatisect fronds, gradually narrowed in the direction of the base. However, in B. polypodioides the basal pinnae are generally surcurrent with an acute apex, while B. asplenioides presents semicircular basal pinnae with a rounded apex (Dittrich et al. 2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862854B2B00AB16DDC2FE53FBAA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285442B00AB16DB3EFB09FC32.text	03B6C86285442B00AB16DB3EFB09FC32.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyathea J. Sm.	<div><p>4. Cyathea J.Sm.</p><p>Cyathea comprises around 235 species distributed in the Neotropical region (Lehnert 2016). For Brazil, 53 species are recorded, of which around 26% are endemic (Pietrobom et al. 2023).In the study area only one species was recorded.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285442B00AB16DB3EFB09FC32	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285442B00AB14DACDFBC1FCE7.text	03B6C86285442B00AB14DACDFBC1FCE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyatheaceae Kaulf.	<div><p>Cyatheaceae Kaulf.</p><p>The family is Pantropical comprising of three genera and around 643 species (PPG I 2016). In Brazil, three genera are recorded, with around 59 species (Pietrobom et al. 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285442B00AB14DACDFBC1FCE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285442B00A8B1DCECFE7CFB3A.text	03B6C86285442B00A8B1DCECFE7CFB3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Telmatoblechnum Perrie, D. J. Ohlsen & Brownsey.	<div><p>3. Telmatoblechnum Perrie, D.J.Ohlsen &amp; Brownsey.</p><p>Telmatoblechnum includes two species, one in tropical America, and the other in Australasia/ Oceania (Gasper et al. 2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285442B00A8B1DCECFE7CFB3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285442B00A8B1DD7CFAB7FDB5.text	03B6C86285442B00A8B1DD7CFAB7FDB5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Telmatoblechnum serrulatum (Rich.) Perrie, D. J. Ohlsen & Brownsey	<div><p>3.1. Telmatoblechnum serrulatum (Rich.) Perrie, D.J.Ohlsen &amp; Brownsey, Taxon 63(4): 755 (2014).</p><p>Fig. 3g</p><p>Plants terrestrial. Stem long-creeping, scales lanceolate, 2.6–3.1 mm long, pale brown to blackish. Fronds (41.1–) 62.9–82.9 cm long, subdimorphic, 1-pinnate; petiole (12.6–) 22.5–41.5 cm long, paleaceous to pale brown, adaxially sulcate; rachis adaxially sulcate, glabrous; laminae 28.5–52.6 × 6.2–18.7(–23.2) cm, oblong-linear, truncate base; pinnae 1.7–12.7 × 0.7–1.3 cm, 16–32 pairs, oblong-linear, chartaceous to coriaceous abaxially, with scales on the costae, articulate to rachis, ascending, ascending, margin conspicuously serrate, apex acute to acuminate; veins free. Sori linear, parallel to the costae; indusia linear, introrse.</p><p>Examined material: MARANHÃO: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.88889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.884722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.88889/lat -9.884722)">Povoado Curupá</a>, 09°53’05’’S, 45°53’20’’W, 380 m, 19.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 05 (CCAA, UB); P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 09 (CCAA); Brejo ruim, 09°51’18’’S, 46°16’33’’W, 406 m, 19.VII.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 312 (CCAA, UB). PIAUÍ: Barreiras do PiauÍ, PNNRP, Passagem do Padre Velho, 10°08’34’’S, 45°49’12’’W, 407 m, 16.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 239 (CCAA, UB).</p><p>Telmatoblechnum serrulatum is widely distributed in the Neotropical region, occurring from Mexico to Argentina (Gasper et al. 2016). In Brazil, it has been recorded in almost all the states, except Acre and Ceará (Gasper &amp; Dittrich 2023). In the study area it was found growing preferentially along the edge of the vereda, in areas where it would be exposed to light, or in the interior of the vereda, in shaded areas.</p><p>It is characterized by having 1-pinnate frond, pinnae articulated at the spine, with scales on the costae abaxially, and a conspicuously serrate margin.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285442B00A8B1DD7CFAB7FDB5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285442B01AB16DC73FD3EFE3C.text	03B6C86285442B01AB16DC73FD3EFE3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyathea delgadii Pohl ex Sternb.	<div><p>4.1. Cyathea delgadii Pohl ex Sternb., Vers. Fl. Vorwelt 1: 47. 1820.</p><p>Plants terrestrial. Stem erect, arborescent. Fronds 140–215.2 cm long, monomorphic, 2-pinnate-pinnatifid, pendent; petiole 52–92 cm long, brown to blackish brown, adaxially sulcate, with prickles and lanceolate scales at the base, scales 0.9–1.7 cm long, shiny, pale brown, concolorous, rarely with the central portion near the base slightly blackish; rachis adaxially sulcate, with short prickles on the proximal portion, and dense hairs adaxially, sparse abaxially; laminae 69.5–137 × 10–14.6 cm, oblong, gradually narrowed distally; pinnae ca. 55 × 17 cm, 17–21 pairs, pinnules 6.5–8.5 × 1.3–2 cm, pinnatifid, chartaceous, abaxially with sparse and short hairs, and scales at the base of the costae, margins crenate to serrate, pinnatifid apex; veins forked. Sori rounded, medial to supramedial; indusia sphaeropteroid, globose.</p><p>Examinedmaterial: MARANHÃO: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.927223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.165555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.927223/lat -10.165555)">Cachoeira do Sussuapara</a>, 10°09’56’’S, 45°55’38’’W, 380 m, 21.IV.2022, P. H.C. Aguiar et al. 38 (CCAA); P. H.C. Aguiar et al. 39 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 163 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 164 (CCAA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.270554&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.822778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.270554/lat -9.822778)">Fazenda do Merval</a>, próxima a casa de serraria, 09°49’22’’S, 46°16’14’’W, 373 m, 19.VII.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 319 (CCAA, UB). PIAUÍ: Barreiras do PiauÍ, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.796665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.195833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.796665/lat -10.195833)">Cachoeira do Urubu</a>, 10°11’45’’S, 45°47’48’’W, 470 m, 14.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 107 (CCAA) .</p><p>Cyathea delgadii has a Neotropical distribution, occurring from Costa Rica to Paraguay (Lehnert 2011; Weigand &amp; Lehnert 2016). In Brazil, it is recorded for all biomes (Pietrobom et al. 2023). In the study area, it was observed exposed to the sun, close to waterfalls, and in shaded areas on the banks of streams, inside the gallery forest.</p><p>Cyathea delgadii is characterized by having concolorous scales, shiny petiole, laminae abaxially with scarce and minute hairs on the veins, glabrous adaxially, and spheropteroid, globose indusia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285442B01AB16DC73FD3EFE3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285452B01AB16D992FA8DFD69.text	03B6C86285452B01AB16D992FA8DFD69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyclodium C. Presl.	<div><p>6. Cyclodium C.Presl.</p><p>Cyclodium is a genus of Neotropical ferns, with 13 recognized species. Six species are recorded for Brazil, distributed within the Amazon, Cerrado and Atlantic Rainforest biomes (Bohn et al. 2020). In the study area, a single species was recorded.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285452B01AB16D992FA8DFD69	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285452B02AB16DAA8FE83FEE7.text	03B6C86285452B02AB16DAA8FE83FEE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyclodium meniscioides (Willd.) C. Presl, Tent. Pterid.	<div><p>6.1. Cyclodium meniscioides (Willd.) C.Presl, Tent. Pterid. 85, t.2, f.20 (1836). Fig. 3i</p><p>Plants terrestrial or rupicolous. Stem short to long-creeping, linear-lanceolate scales, 6–14 mm long, pale brown to blackish. Fronds dimorphic, 1-pinnate, fronds sterile 74–111 cm long, fronds fertile 84–108 cm long; petiole paleaceous to pale brown, adaxially sulcate, with scales similar to those on the stem at the base, petiole of sterile fronds 23–52 cm long, petiole of fertile fronds 26–65 cm long; rachis paleaceous to brown, adaxially sulcate, laminae lanceolate, sterile laminae 42–58 cm long, fertile laminae 32–42 cm long; pinnae 5–7 pairs, lanceolate, chartaceous to coriaceous, slightly ascending, median sterile pinnae 11.3–16 cm long, median fertile pinnae 6–8.5 cm long, with scales and micro-scales abaxially, margins crenate to serrate, base acute to cuneate, apex acute to acuminate; veins anastomosing, with 4–7 areoles between the costa and the pinnae margin. Sori rounded; indusia rounded, peltate.</p><p>Examined material: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.927223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.165555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.927223/lat -10.165555)">Cachoeira do Sussuapara</a>, 10°09’56’’S, 45°55’38’’W, 425 m, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 29 (CCAA); P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 41 (CCAA); 15.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 160 (CCAA, UB); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 161 (CCAA, UB) .</p><p>Cyclodium meniscioides has a South American distribution, from the Guianas region to Argentina (Bohn et al. 2020). In Brazil, it occurs in the Amazon, Cerrado, and Atlantic Rainforest biomes (Bohn et al. 2023). In the study area, this species was found forming large populations in arenitic soil near the waterfall margins.</p><p>Cyclodium meniscioides is characterized by dimorphic and, 1-pinnate fronds, anastomosed veins, and peltate indusia with minute hairs at the margin. Resembles Cyclodium pubescens Bohn &amp; Labiak due to the 1-pinnate frond with conforming apex, and anastomosed veins, though C. pubescens differs with the presence of aciculate hairs, multicellular and translucent on the lamina, costae and rachis, while C. meniscioides has scales and microscales abaxially of the lamina (Bohn et al. 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285452B02AB16DAA8FE83FEE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285452B01A8B1DA75FE69FD69.text	03B6C86285452B01A8B1DA75FE69FD69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dennstaedtiaceae Lotsy.	<div><p>Dennstaedtiaceae Lotsy.</p><p>This Pantropical family comprises 10 genera and close to 265 species (PPG I 2016). In Brazil, eight genera and close to 26 species are recorded (Schwartsburd &amp; Pena 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285452B01A8B1DA75FE69FD69	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285452B01AB16D95CFCC3FE10.text	03B6C86285452B01AB16D95CFCC3FE10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dryopteridaceae Herter.	<div><p>Dryopteridaceae Herter.</p><p>Cosmopolitan, comprising 26 genera and around 2,115 species (PPG I 2016), is the most diverse fern family in the world. In Brazil, 16 genera and around 193 species are recorded (Matos et al. 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285452B01AB16D95CFCC3FE10	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285452B01A8B1DBA5FC1AFEDA.text	03B6C86285452B01A8B1DBA5FC1AFEDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pteridium esculentum var. harpianum Schwartsb. & A. Yanez	<div><p>5.1. Pteridium esculentum var. harpianum Schwartsb. &amp; A.Yañez, Phytotaxa 333(1): 36 (2018). Fig. 3h</p><p>Plants terrestrial. Stem long-creeping, hair pale brown. Fronds approximately 154–178 cm long, monomorphic, 4-pinnate-pinnatifid, pendent; petiole approximately 96– 47.5 cm long, paleaceous, adaxially sulcate, glabrous; rachis paleaceous, adaxially sulcate, glabrous; laminae approximately 58–130.5 cm long, lanceolate, apex gradually narrowed; pinnae approximately 17 pairs; ultimate segments coriaceous, with hairs on the costae abaxially, and farinaceous appearance between the veins, distal segments simple, linear, up to 2.5 cm long; veins free. Sori linear, marginal; pseudoindusia linear, glabrous.</p><p>Examined material: Barreiras do PiauÍ, PNNRP, Brejo do Curicaca, 10°00’26’’S, 45°35’52’’W, 446 m, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 46 (CCAA); cabeceira do Curicaca, 10°00’25’’S, 45°35’50’’W, 457 m, 16.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 243 (CCAA) .</p><p>Pteridium esculentum var. harpianum is a South American taxon, occurring in the region of the Guianas and in Brazil (Schwartsburd et al. 2018). In Brazil, it is found in the Amazon and the Cerrado (Schwartsburd &amp; Pena 2023; Fernandes et al. 2022). This is the first record for this species for the state of PiauÍ, where it has only been recorded growing in disturbed veredas and marshes in the PNNRP.</p><p>Pteridium esculentum var. harpianum is characterized by simple distal segments, exceeding 4 cm in length, hairs on the secondary veins, and farinaceous appearance of laminae tissue between the veins.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285452B01A8B1DBA5FC1AFEDA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285452B01A8B1DAA8FEABFC6C.text	03B6C86285452B01A8B1DAA8FEABFC6C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pteridium Scop.	<div><p>5. Pteridium Gled. ex Scop.</p><p>Pteridium has a subcosmopolitan distribution, being absent in extremely arid or cold areas (Schwartsburd et al. 2018). According to the PPG I (2016), Pteridium is composed of around four species, however is uncertain due to the recognition of various subspecies in the genus (Schwartsburd et al. 2018).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285452B01A8B1DAA8FEABFC6C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285462B02AB16D978FA99FE13.text	03B6C86285462B02AB16D978FA99FE13.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dicranopteris Bernh.	<div><p>8. Dicranopteris Bernh., Neues J. Bot. 1(2): 38 (1805).</p><p>Genus with a pantropical distribution, composed of approximately 12 species (Lima &amp; Salino 2018). In Brazil, four species are recorded, distributed in all biomes (Lima &amp; Salino 2023). A single species was recorded in the study area.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285462B02AB16D978FA99FE13	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285462B04AB16D992FD0FFE49.text	03B6C86285462B04AB16D992FD0FFE49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dicranopteris flexuosa (Schrad.) Underw., Bull. Torrey Bot.	<div><p>8.1. Dicranopteris flexuosa (Schrad.) Underw., Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 254 (1907). Fig. 4 b-c</p><p>Plants terrestrial. Stem long-creeping, with multicellular, reddish-brown hairs. Fronds 16–142.5 cm long, monomorphic, 2–4 forked, erect or scandent; petiole 8.1–39.8 cm long, paleaceous, cylindrical, glabrous; rachis paleaceous, cylindrical, glabrous; laminae 7.9–53.2 cm long, isotomically branched, buds between the bifurcations covered by hairs, reddish-brown; pinnae (ultimate segments) dichotomously branched, pectinate, chartaceous, with globose hairs only on the secondary veins, margins slightly revolute, apex pectinated to pinnatifid, accessory pinnae present at the base; veins free. Sori rounded, medial to supramedial; indusia absent.</p><p>Examined material: MARANHÃO: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, 10°10’09’’S, 45°55’27’’W, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 36 (CCAA, UB); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.9275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.165555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.9275/lat -10.165555)">Cachoeira do Sussuapara</a>, 10°09’56’’S, 45°55’39’’W, 425 m, 15.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 179 (CCAA, UB); acampamento <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.334164&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.005834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.334164/lat -10.005834)">Várzea Grande</a>, 10°00’21’’S, 46°20’03’’W, 437 m, 17.III.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 277 (CCAA). PIAUÍ: Barreiras do PiauÍ, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.853333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.191112" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.853333/lat -10.191112)">Cachoeira do Pintado</a>, 10°11’28’’S, 45°51’12’’W, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 43 (CCAA, UB); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 63 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 67 (CCAA, UB); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 71 (CCAA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.796665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.195833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.796665/lat -10.195833)">Cachoeira do Urubu</a>, 10°11’45’’S, 45°47’48’’W, 470 m, 14.XII.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 105 (CCAA); margem do <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.860554&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.889722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.860554/lat -9.889722)">Rio ParnaÍba</a>, 09°53’23’’S, 45°51’38’’W, 390 m, 18.III.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 293 (CCAA, UB); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 294 (CCAA) .</p><p>Dicranopteris flexuosa has a Neotropical distribution, occurring from Mexico to Paraguay (Lima &amp; Salino 2018). In Brazil, it is a widely distributed species occurring in all biomes (Lima &amp; Salino 2023) and considered in the present study as a new occurrence for PiauÍ. PiauÍ is one of the least sampled states of the Northeastern region, which might explain the absence of records of the species until this present moment. In the PNNRP it was discovered in a wide range of environments, occurring close to waterfalls, on the edges of streams, and in the gallery forest.</p><p>This species is characterized by 2–4 forked fronds, with unicellular, globose glandular hairs on the secondary veins, abaxially. Dicranopteris flexuosa is morphologically related to D. rufinervis (Mart.) Ching, a species more commonly found in campo rupestre, all with pseudostipules and accessory branches opposite the principal branches, however D. rufinervis differs due to the white to reddish multicellular hairs on the central vein of the segments abaxially, whereas D. flexuosa has glabrous central veins (Lima &amp; Salino 2018).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285462B04AB16D992FD0FFE49	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285462B02A8B1D93FFE3EFD4C.text	03B6C86285462B02A8B1D93FFE3EFD4C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elaphoglossum J. Sm.	<div><p>7. Elaphoglossum Schott ex J.Sm.</p><p>Elaphoglossum comprises approximately 600 species, being the second most diversified genus of ferns, after Asplenium L., with around 700 species (PPG I 2016). It has a pantropical distribution, however, around 80% of the species are found in the Neotropical region (Moran et al. 2007). In Brazil, 90 species are recorded, distributed between the Amazon, Cerrado, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pampa biomes (Matos 2023). In the study area, only one species was recorded.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285462B02A8B1D93FFE3EFD4C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285462B02A8B1DAC5FD0DF976.text	03B6C86285462B02A8B1DAC5FD0DF976.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elaphoglossum scalpellum T. Moore	<div><p>7.1. Elaphoglossum scalpellum T.Moore, Index Fil. (T.Moore) 3: 14 (1857). Fig. 4a</p><p>Plants rupicolous. Stem short-creeping, with linear-lanceolate scales, 1.7–9.5 mm long, pale brown. Fronds 16.5–27.3 cm long, monomorphic; petiole 6–9.6 cm long, paleaceous, adaxially sulcate, with linear to linear-lanceolate scales and sparse stellate scales abaxially; laminae 11–16.5 × 3.6–4.7 cm, simple, oblong to lanceolate, chartaceous to coriaceous, with sparse stellate scales and irregularly divided lanceolate scales abaxially, glabrous adaxially, margin thickened, cartilaginous, base cuneate to decurrent, apex cuneate to rounded; veins free. Sori not observed.</p><p>Examined material: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, 10°10’10’’S, 45°55’27’’W, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 48 (CCAA); trilha em direção a <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.924168&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.169445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.924168/lat -10.169445)">Cachoeira do Sussuapara</a>, 10°10’10’’S, 45°55’27’’W, 15.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 172 (CCAA) .</p><p>Elaphoglossum scalpellum is endemic to Brazil and is recorded for the states of Amazonas, Roraima, Tocantins, Bahia, Maranhão, PiauÍ, Distrito Federal, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, and São Paulo, in the Amazon and Cerrado biomes (Fernandes et al. 2022; Matos 2023). A few sterile individuals were discovered in the study area, growing on rock formations inside the gallery forest.</p><p>Elaphoglossum scalpellum belongs to Elaphoglossum section Elaphoglossum, which is generally characterized by the presence of phyllopodia and glabrous laminae or inconspicuously scaled (Rouhan et al. 2004). Elaphoglossum scalpellum is characterized by its creeping rhizome with brown-orange scales, laminae with a strongly coriaceous consistency, attenuated base, and apex rounded to acute.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285462B02A8B1DAC5FD0DF976	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285462B02A8B1DE8FFB11FF39.text	03B6C86285462B02A8B1DE8FFB11FF39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gleicheniaceae C. Presl.	<div><p>Gleicheniaceae C.Presl.</p><p>Pantropical, composed of around 157 species, distributed in seven genera (PPG I 2016; Lima et al. 2023). In Brazil, three genera and around 17 species are recorded (Lima &amp; Salino 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285462B02A8B1DE8FFB11FF39	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285402B04A8B1D9C8FB32FE80.text	03B6C86285402B04A8B1D9C8FB32FE80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hymenophyllaceae Gaudich.	<div><p>Hymenophyllaceae Gaudich.</p><p>Subcosmopolitan, composed of approximately 434 species, distributed in two subfamilies: Trichomanoideae C. Presl, which includes eight genera with tubular involucrae, and Hymenophylloideae Burnett. with a single genus Hymenophyllum Sm., characterized by bivalvate involucrae (PPG 2016; Gonzatti et al. 2020). In Brazil, there are seven genera and around 83 species recorded (Gonzatti &amp; Windisch 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285402B04A8B1D9C8FB32FE80	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285402B04AB16D902FABDFCDE.text	03B6C86285402B04AB16D902FABDFCDE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichomanes L.	<div><p>9. Trichomanes L.</p><p>Trichomanes is predominantly Neotropical, with this species in Asia consisting of sixty species (Windisch 2014; PPG I 2016). Thirty-four species are recorded in Brazil, distributed in all the biomes, except the Pampa (Gonzatti &amp; Windisch 2023). Two species were recorded in the study area.</p><p>Key for the species of Trichomanes in the PNNRP, Brazil</p><p>1. Fronds 1-pinnate, with sparse to moderate hairs on the rachis, costae, and abundant false veins parallel to the true veins adaxially; sori sessile to short-pedicellate .................................9.2. Trichomanes pinnatum</p><p>1’. Fronds pinnatifid, with dense hairs on both sides, false veins absent; sori with involucrae immersed in the laminar tissue ..........................................................................................................9.1. Trichomanes pilosum</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285402B04AB16D902FABDFCDE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285402B04A8B1DB0DFBDFFAAB.text	03B6C86285402B04A8B1DB0DFBDFFAAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichomanes pilosum Raddi, Opusc. Sci.	<div><p>9.1. Trichomanes pilosum Raddi, Opusc. Sci. 3: 296 (1819). Fig. 4d</p><p>Plants terrestrial or rupicolous. Stem ascending, decumbent or short-creeping, with dark-brown to blackish hairs. Fronds 5–24.7 cm long, monomorphic, pinnatifid; petiole 1.8–8.8 cm long, dark-brown to black, not alate, with pale brown hairs; rachis alate, with pale brown to slightly dark-brown hairs on both sides, without rooting apex; laminae 4–19.3 × 2.8–3.9 cm, lanceolate to arched; pinnae 1.1–1.7 × 0.3–0.7 cm, linear, membranaceous, with pale brown hairs on both sides, margins crenate, adnate to subsessile, apex rounded, contiguous to imbricate; veins free, false veins absent. Sori on the margin of the pinnae; indusia immersed in the laminar tissue.</p><p>Examined material: MARANHÃO: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, 10°10’09’’S, 45°55’27’’W, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 22 (CCAA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.927223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.165555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.927223/lat -10.165555)">Cachoeira do Sussuapara</a>, 10°09’56’’S, 45°55’38’’W, 425 m, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 27 (CCAA, UB); P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 32 (CCAA); 15.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 176 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 238 (CCAA, UB). PIAUÍ: Barreiras do PiauÍ, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.853333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.191112" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.853333/lat -10.191112)">Cachoeira do Pintado</a>, 10°11’28’’S, 45°51’12’’W, 436 m, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 45 (CCAA); 10°11’26’’S, 45°51’08’’W, 436 m, 13.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 59 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 65 (CCAA, UB); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 68 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 72 (CCAA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.796665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.195833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.796665/lat -10.195833)">Cachoeira do Urubu</a>, 10°11’45’’S, 45°47’48’’W, 470 m, 14.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 95 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 96 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 102 (CCAA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.799442&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.203055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.799442/lat -10.203055)">Cachoeira Várzea Grande</a>, 10°12’11’’S, 45°47’58’’W, 474 m, 14.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 111 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 116 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 117 (CCAA). TOCANTINS: São Félix do Tocantins, PNNRP, Cachoeira do Prata, 10°12’22’’S, 46°28’35’’W, 16.III.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 252 (CCAA, UB).</p><p>Trichomanes pilosum has South American distribution occurring in Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay (Windisch 2014). In Brazil, it occurs in all biomes, except the Pampa (Gonzatti &amp; Windisch 2023). In the study area, it was recorded growing on the soil or rocks, close to the edges of waterfalls, streams, and inside the gallery forest.</p><p>Trichomanes pilosum resembles T. cristatum Kaulf. due to the presence of involucrae subtended by lateral veins, stems decumbent to ascendant, and hairs light-chestnut to lightly dark-chestnut on the rachis. Meanwhile, T. cristatum differs principally in its erect linear to lanceolate 15–55 cm long fronds, whilst in T. pilosum the laminae are arched to lanceolate, reaching 25 cm long at most (Windisch 1992; Kessler &amp; Smith 2017).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285402B04A8B1DB0DFBDFFAAB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285402B05AB16DDEAFCF1FE3C.text	03B6C86285402B05AB16DDEAFCF1FE3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichomanes pinnatum Hedw., Fil. Gen. Sp.	<div><p>9.2. Trichomanes pinnatum Hedw., Fil. Gen. Sp. t.4, f.1 (1799). Fig. 4e</p><p>Plants terrestrial or rupicolous. Stem erect to short-creeping, with blackish hairs. Fronds 8.2–28.2 cm long, subdimorphic, 1-pinnate, with fertile fronds longer than sterile ones; petiole (1.6–) 3.2–15.2 cm long, dark-brown to black, with sparse dark-brown hairs; laminae 5–13 × 5.3–15.5 cm, oblong to ovate; rachis alate, with sparse to moderate dark-brown hairs adaxially, rooting apex on sterile laminae; pinnae 2.3–9.9 × 0.8–1.3 cm, 4–15 pairs, linear to oblong, membranaceous, sessile to adnate to the rachis, with sparse hairs mainly on the veins, margin dentate, apex rounded to acute, not imbricate; veins free, ending in a main collecting vein at the margin, with abundant false veins parallel to the true veins. Sori on the margin of the pinnae; indusia tubular, sessile to short pedicellate.</p><p>Examined material: MARANHÃO: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.927223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.165555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.927223/lat -10.165555)">Cachoeira do Sussuapara</a>, 10°09’56’’S, 45°55’38’’W, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 26 (CCAA, UB); P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 37 (CCAA); P. H. C. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.9275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.165555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.9275/lat -10.165555)">Aguiar</a> et al. 49 (CCAA); 10°09’56’’S, 45°55’39’’W, 15.XII.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 177 (CCAA); P. H. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.924168&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.169167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.924168/lat -10.169167)">Castro-Aguiar</a> et al. 237 (CCAA); 10°10’09’’S, 45°55’27’’W, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 49 (CCAA); trilha em direção a <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.9275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.165555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.9275/lat -10.165555)">Cachoeira do Sussuapara</a>, 10°09’56’’S, 45°55’39’’W, 15.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 173 (CCAA). PIAUÍ, Barreiras do PiauÍ, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.852222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.190556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.852222/lat -10.190556)">Cachoeira do Pintado</a>, 10°11’26’’S, 45°51’08’’W, 436 m, 13.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al.60 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al.62 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al.79 (CCAA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.796665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.195833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.796665/lat -10.195833)">Cachoeira do Urubu</a>, 10°11’45’’S, 45°47’48’’W, 14.XII.2022, P. H. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.799442&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.203055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.799442/lat -10.203055)">Castro-Aguiar</a> et al. 99 (CCAA); Cachoeira Várzea Grande, 10°12’11’’S, 45°47’58’’W, 474 m, 14.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 114 (CCAA, UB); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 115 (CCAA, UB) .</p><p>Trichomanes pinnatum is a Neotropical species, occurring from Mexico to South America, and in the Caribbean region (Kessler &amp; Smith 2017). In Brazil, it occurs in the Amazon, Cerrado, and Atlantic Rainforest biomes (Gonzatti &amp; Windisch 2023). In the study area, it was recorded growing close to waterfalls, on river margins and streams inside the gallery forest.</p><p>Trichomanes pinnatum is characterized by subdimorphic fronds, with the fertile laminae frequently a little larger and with petioles longer than the sterile ones, pedicellate indusia, and abundant false veins perpendicular to the true veins.</p><p>In the examined specimens from the study area, the sterile laminae can present the apex conform or continuous, with the rachis proliferating distally.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285402B05AB16DDEAFCF1FE3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285412B05AB16DA8CFABDFB43.text	03B6C86285412B05AB16DA8CFABDFB43.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lindsaea Pic. Serm.	<div><p>10. Lindsaea Pic.Serm.</p><p>Pantropical genus, comprising around 150 species, some of which extend to the subtropical regions of Japan, Australia, and New Zealand (Lehtonen et al. 2010). In Brazil, 33 species are found in the Amazon biome (Pena et al. 2023). Two species were recorded in the study area.</p><p>Key for the species of Lindsaea in the PNNRP, Brazil</p><p>1. Fronds 2-pinnate; petioles dark brown to reddish-brown throughout, cylindrical abaxially, with wings paleaceous adaxially; pinnules dimidiate ..................................................................10.1. Lindsaea divaricata</p><p>1’. Fronds 1- or 2-pinnate; petiole dark brown only at the base, paleaceous distally, quadrangular, not winged; pinnae or pinnules sub-trapeziform ..................................................................10.2. Lindsaea lancea</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285412B05AB16DA8CFABDFB43	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285412B05AB16DA75FC00FD0A.text	03B6C86285412B05AB16DA75FC00FD0A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lindsaeaceae C. Presl.	<div><p>Lindsaeaceae C.Presl.</p><p>Pantropical family, with species also occurring in subtropical regions, in South America, Eastern Asia, and New Zealand, consisting of seven genera and approximately 234 species (Lehtonen et al. 2010; PPG I 2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285412B05AB16DA75FC00FD0A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285412B06A8B1DCBAFDEDFE3C.text	03B6C86285412B06A8B1DCBAFDEDFE3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lindsaea divaricata Klotzsch, Linnaea	<div><p>10.1. Lindsaea divaricata Klotzsch, Linnaea 18(5): 547 (1845). Fig. 4f</p><p>Plants terrestrial. Stem short-creeping, with lanceolate scales, 1.3–1.9 cm long, pale brown to dark brown.Fronds 16.5–70 cm long, monomorphic, 2-pinnate, erect; petiole 9.7–43.4 long, dark brown to reddish-brown throughout, cylindrical abaxially, with two adaxial paleaceous wings distally, glabrous adaxially, with scales similar to those on the stem only at the base; rachis cylindrical abaxially, wings pale adaxially; laminae 7–27 × (3.2–) 9–19.7 cm, triangular; pinnae 5.7–17.5 × 1.5–3.5 cm, 1-pinnate, 1–4 pairs, terminal pinnae conform, usually larger than the lateral pinnae; pinnules 0.8–2 × 0.4–0.7 cm, dimidiate, chartaceous, glabrous on both sides, margins denticulate to crenate, apex rounded; veins free. Sori linear along the acroscopic margin of the pinnules; indusia linear.</p><p>Examined material: MARANHÃO: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.88889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.884722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.88889/lat -9.884722)">Povoado Curupá</a>, 09°53’05’’S, 45°53’20’’W, 380 m, 19.IV.2022, P. H. C. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.924168&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.169167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.924168/lat -10.169167)">Aguiar</a> et al. 8 (CCAA, UB); 10°10’09’’S, 45°55’27’’W, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 34 (CCAA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.927223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.165555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.927223/lat -10.165555)">Cachoeira do Sussuapara</a>, 10°09’56’’S, 45°55’38’’W, 425 m, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al.25 (CCAA); P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 33 (CCAA); P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 35 (CCAA); 15.XII.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 169 (CCAA, UB); P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 178 (CCAA); trilha em direção a <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.924168&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.169445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.924168/lat -10.169445)">Cachoeira do Sussuapara</a>, 10°10’10’’S, 45°55’27’’W, 407 m, 15.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 175 (CCAA, UB); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.270554&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.822778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.270554/lat -9.822778)">Fazenda do Merval</a>, próxima a casa de serraria, 09°49’22’’S, 46°16’14’’W, 373 m, 19.VII.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 318 (CCAA, UB). PIAUÍ: Barreiras do PiauÍ, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.852222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.190556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.852222/lat -10.190556)">Cachoeira do Pintado</a>, 10°11’26’’S, 45°51’08’’W, 436 m, 13.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 64 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 66 (CCAA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.796665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.195833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.796665/lat -10.195833)">Cachoeira do Urubu</a>, 10°11’45’’S, 45°47’48’’W, 470 m, 14.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 100 (CCAA, UB); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.799442&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.203055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.799442/lat -10.203055)">Cachoeira Várzea Grande</a>, 10°12’11’’S, 45°47’58’’W, 474 m, 14.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 112 (CCAA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.82833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.1375" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.82833/lat -10.1375)">Margem do Rio Curriola</a>, 10°08’15’’S, 45°49’42’’W, 408 m, 13.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al.80 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 81 (CCAA); 14.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 159 (CCAA, UB).</p><p>Lindsaea divaricata has a Neotropical distribution, occurring from Costa Rica to South America and in the Caribbean region (Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Tejero-DÍez 2017). In Brazil, it is recorded for the Amazon, Cerrado, and Atlantic Rainforest biomes (Pena et al. 2023). In the study area, it was recorded occurring in a wide range of habitats, growing along the margins of rivers, within gallery forests, around waterfalls, and in veredas.</p><p>Lindsaea divaricata is characterized by dark-chestnut to reddish-brown petioles, with two adaxial paleaceous wings distally, 1–2-pinnate fronds, ascendant pinnae, and pinnules 2–2.4 times as long as wide, dimidiate and ascendant.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285412B06A8B1DCBAFDEDFE3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285422B06A8B1DA75FE8FF8D5.text	03B6C86285422B06A8B1DA75FE8FF8D5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lindsaea lancea (L.) Bedd.	<div><p>10.2. Lindsaea lancea (L.) Bedd., Suppl. Ferns Brit. India 6: 292. 1876 . Fig. 4g</p><p>Plants terrestrial. Stem short-creeping, with lanceolate scales, 0.9–1.1 mm long, pale brown to dark brown. Fronds 7.6–35.5 cm long, monomorphic, 1 or 2-pinnate, erect; petiole 3.2–21.8 cm long, dark-brown only at the base, paleaceous distally, quadrangular, not winged, glabrous, with scales similar to those on the stem only at the base; rachis paleaceous to brown, quadrangular, glabrous; laminae 6.6–20.8 × 2.2–15.8 cm, triangular; pinnae 11.4–16.2 × 2.8–3.3 cm, 1-pinnate, 2–4 pairs, up to 12 pairs in 1-pinnate, terminal pinnae conform, usually larger than the lateral pinnae; pinnules 1.2–1.5 × 0.6–0.8 cm, sub-trapeziform, chartaceous, glabrous on both sides, margin entire, apex rounded; veins free. Sori linear along the acroscopic margin of the pinnules; indusia linear.</p><p>Examined material: MARANHÃO: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.927223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.165555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.927223/lat -10.165555)">Cachoeira do Sussuapara</a>, 10°09’56’’S, 45°55’38’’W, 425 m, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 24 (CCAA); P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 28 (CCAA, UB); 15.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 162 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 167 (CCAA). PIAUÍ: Barreiras do PiauÍ, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.852222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.190556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.852222/lat -10.190556)">Cachoeira do Pintado</a>, 10°11’26’’S, 45°51’08’’W, 436 m, 13.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 70 (CCAA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.796665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.195833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.796665/lat -10.195833)">Cachoeira do Urubu</a>, 10°11’45’’S, 45°47’48’’W, 470 m, 14.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 98 (CCAA); P. H. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.799442&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.203055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.799442/lat -10.203055)">Castro-Aguiar</a> et al. 101 (CCAA, UB); Cachoeira Várzea Grande, 10°12’11’’S, 45°47’58’’W, 474 m, 14.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 110 (CCAA) .</p><p>Lindsaea lancea has a Neotropical distribution, occurring from Mexico to South America and in the Caribbean region (Smith &amp; Kessler 2017b; Rojas-Alvarado et al. 2023). In Brazil, it is recorded for the Amazon, Caatinga, Cerrado, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal biomes (Pena et al. 2023). In the study area, it was recorded growing in gallery forest, humid arenitic cliffs, and on rocks surrounding waterfalls. Lindsaea lancea is characterized by the basally dark brown, distally paleaceous petioles. The fronds are 1–2-pinnate, with pinnae or pinnules c. 1.6 to 2 x longer than wide, slightly narrower towards the apex, sub-trapeziform, with the acroscopic side rounded and basiscopic side angular.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285422B06A8B1DA75FE8FF8D5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285422B06AB16D8AFFB2FFE80.text	03B6C86285422B06AB16D8AFFB2FFE80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Metaxyaceae Pic. Serm.	<div><p>Metaxyaceae Pic.Serm.</p><p>Neotropical, constituted of a single genus, Metaxya C.Presl, of around six species (Cárdenas et al. 2016; PPG I 2016). In Brazil, four species are recorded (Pietrobom &amp; Santiago 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285422B06AB16D8AFFB2FFE80	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285422B07AB16D902FDFCFCF9.text	03B6C86285422B07AB16D902FDFCFCF9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Metaxya parkeri (Hook. & Grev.) J. Sm.	<div><p>11.1. Metaxya parkeri (Hook. &amp; Grev.) J.Sm., London J. Bot. 1: 668 (1842). Fig. 4 h-i</p><p>Plants terrestrial. Stem short-creeping, with pale brown hairs. Fronds 75.5–107.7 cm long, monomorphic, 1-pinnate, patent; petiole 35.5–47.5 cm long, paleaceous to brown, sulcate adaxially, with hairs similar to those on the stem at the base; rachis sulcate adaxially, cylindrical abaxially; laminae 40–79 × 22.5–42 cm, oblong to lanceolate; pinnae 13.2–23.5 × 2.2–2.5 cm, 8–14 pairs, linear-lanceolate, chartaceous, glabrous adaxially, with hairs abaxially, more densely arranged close to the costae, margins serrate at the apex, sometimes extending to the middle of the pinnae length, base acute to cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, terminal pinnae conform; veins free. Sori rounded, 1–2(–3) per vein, either concentrated near the costa or irregularly dispersed over most of the pinna, paraphyses present; indusia absent.</p><p>Examined material: MARANHÃO: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.927223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.165555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.927223/lat -10.165555)">Cachoeira do Sussuapara</a>, 10°09’56’’S, 45°55’38’’W, 425 m, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 19 (CCAA, UB); P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 40 (CCAA); 15.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 165 (CCAA). PIAUÍ: Barreiras do PiauÍ, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.852222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.190556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.852222/lat -10.190556)">Cachoeira do Pintado</a>, 10°11’26’’S, 45°51’08’’W, 436 m, 13.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 77 (CCAA, UB) .</p><p>Metaxya parkeri has a Neotropical distribution, occurring in South America and in the Caribbean (Cárdenas et al. 2016). In Brazil, it is the most widely distributed species of the genus, occurring in the Amazon, Cerrado, and Atlantic Rainforest biomes (Pietrobom &amp; Santiago 2023). In the study area, it was observed growing in large populations in the vicinity of waterfalls, and on the margins of streams within gallery forest.</p><p>Metaxya parkeri resembles M. rostrata (Kunth) C.Presl mainly due to the chartaceous laminae and the arrangement of the sori, with 2–4 per venule, close to the costae or irregularly dispersed over the surface of the pinnae. Nevertheless, M. parkeri differs from M. rostrata by having laminae with more than seven pairs of pinnae (vs. 8–14 pairs in the study area), and with pinnae distally longattenuated to caudate, with serrate margins that can extend up to half of the length of the pinnae or until the base, whilst M. rostrata has up to seven pairs of lateral pinnae, with cuspidate to caudate apex, margins irregularly dentate and almost entire (completely entire excluding the apex) (Cárdenas et al. 2016).</p><p>In Brazil, Metaxya parkeri and M. rostrata occur together in the Amazon biome, in the state of Amazonas. In addition, M. rostrata is also found in Amapá, whilst M. parkeri has a wider distribution, extending to the Eastern coast and occurring in the Cerrado and Atlantic Rainforest biomes (Cárdenas et al. 2016; Fernandes et al. 2022; Pietrobom &amp; Santiago 2023).</p><p>Within the species of the genus, Metaxya parkeri is characterized by a wide variation in the margin of the pinnae and the arrangement of the sori, with the margins generally serrate only apically (up to half the length of the pinnae), but sometimes reaching the base. The sori can be concentrated close to the costae, slightly away from the costae, or irregularly distributed through a large portion of the abaxial pinnae (Cárdenas et al. 2016). On the specimens of the study area, the sorus can form a row slightly away from the costae, up to 2.5 mm of distance, with the others lightly dispersed on the abaxial pinnae, and the margin can be serrated only apically or up to half of the pinnae.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285422B07AB16D902FDFCFCF9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285432B07A8B1DCFCFB8CFE6A.text	03B6C86285432B07A8B1DCFCFB8CFE6A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Adiantum deflectens Mart.	<div><p>12.1. Adiantum deflectens Mart., Icon. Pl. Crypt. 94 (1834).</p><p>Plants terrestrial or rupicolous. Stem erect, with linear-lanceolate scales, 1.4–2 mm long, dark brown with pale brown margins. Fronds 10.5–18.5 cm long, monomorphic, 1-pinnate, erect; petiole 4–9.5 cm long, dark brown to black, glabrous, only at the base with scales similar to those on the stem; rachis cylindrical, dark brown to black, glabrous; laminae 4–13.5 × 2.2–3.5 cm, linear-lanceolate; pinnae 0.8–1.1 × 1.1–1.6 cm, 4–14 pairs, flabellate, slightly chartaceous, glabrous on both sides, margins denticulate, base obtuse, apex rounded; veins free. Sori oblong-linear along the acroscopic margin; pseudo-indusia glabrous.</p><p>Examined material: MARANHÃO: Alto ParnaÍba, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.10083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.86389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.10083/lat -9.86389)">Povoado Porto Alegre</a>, 09°51’50’’S, 46°06’03’’W 385 m, 18.III.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 296 (CCAA, UB). PIAUÍ: Barreiras do PiauÍ, Rio UruçuÍ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.57083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.953889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.57083/lat -9.953889)">Vermelho</a>, 09°57’14’’S, 45°34’15’’W, 396 m, 20.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 18 (CCAA).</p><p>Adiantum deflectens is a Neotropical species, occurring from Mexico to Argentina (Kessler et al. 2017). In Brazil, it occurs in the Amazon, Cerrado, and Atlantic Rainforest biomes (Prado &amp; Hirai 2023a). In the study area it was observed growing on arenitic cliffs, roadsides, and in shaded areas within the forest.</p><p>This species is characterized by the1-pinnate lamina, flabellate pinnae articulated to the rachis, with denticulate margins, and pseudo indusia oblong-linear, glabrous.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285432B07A8B1DCFCFB8CFE6A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285432B07A8B1DB88FD92FBBA.text	03B6C86285432B07A8B1DB88FD92FBBA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Adiantum L.	<div><p>12. Adiantum L.</p><p>Adiantum has a pantropical distribution and around 225 species (PPG I 2016). In the Neotropical region, around 110 species occur, with 65 recorded for Brazil (Prado &amp; Hirai 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285432B07A8B1DB88FD92FBBA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285432B07AB16DAE2FBEBF9AC.text	03B6C86285432B07AB16DAE2FBEBF9AC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilanthes pohliana (Kunze) Mett.	<div><p>13.1. Cheilanthes pohliana (Kunze) Mett., Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 3: 67; n. 13 (1859).</p><p>Fig. 5a</p><p>Plants rupicolous. Stem creeping, with linear-lanceolate scales, 1.2–1.7 mm long, bicolorous, dark brown, with pale brown margins. Fronds 2.2–9.5 cm long, monomorphic, 2-pinnate proximally to 1-pinnate distally, erect; petiole 0.7–5.2 cm long, dark brown to black, cylindrical, with short hairs; rachis similar to the petiole; laminae 1.5–4.3 × 1–1.9 cm, triangular; proximal pinnae 0.5–0.9 × 0.4–0.6 cm, 3–12 pairs, pinnules 0.2–0.4 × 0.1–0.25 cm, ovate-oblong, chartaceous to coriaceous, both sides with dense multicellular hairs, lobed margins, base slightly cordate to truncate, apex obtuse, veins free. Sori rounded to oblong along the margin of the segments, pseudo-indusia with hairs.</p><p>Examined material: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, descida da Galiléia, 10°03’08’’S, 46°22’38’’W, 537 m, 17.III.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 282 (CCAA, UB); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.380833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.055834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.380833/lat -10.055834)">Ladeira da Galiléia</a>, 10°03’21’’S, 46°22’51’’W, 578 m, 17.III.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 283 (CCAA, UB) .</p><p>Cheilanthes pohliana is endemic to Brazil, occurring in the Amazon and Cerrado in the states of Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pará and Tocantins (Ponce et al. 2023). In the study area, the specimens of C. pohliana were recorded in the cerrado rupestre, growing on rock formations among tree-shrubby vegetation.</p><p>It is characterized by the basally 2-pinnate frond that is once-pinnate distally, petioles and rachis cylindric, dark brown to black, with short hairs, and ovate-oblong pinnules with dense, pluricellular hairs on both sides.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285432B07AB16DAE2FBEBF9AC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285432B07AB16D9ACFBE6FDA0.text	03B6C86285432B07AB16D9ACFBE6FDA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilanthes Sw.	<div><p>13. Cheilanthes Sw.</p><p>Cheilanthes comprises approximately 70 species with pantropical distribution (Ponce et al. 2023). Of around thirty species present in South America, ten are recorded in Brazil (Ponce &amp; Scataglini 2018; Ponce et al. 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285432B07AB16D9ACFBE6FDA0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285432B07AB16DEE5FB09F8FA.text	03B6C86285432B07AB16DEE5FB09F8FA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pityrogramma Link.	<div><p>14. Pityrogramma Link.</p><p>Pityrogramma is predominantly Neotropical with some species occurring in Africa and Madagascar and comprising around 20 species (PPG I 2016; Prado et al. 2017). In Brazil, four species are recorded (Prado &amp; Hirai 2023b).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285432B07AB16DEE5FB09F8FA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C86285432B07A8B1DB39FEE1FC09.text	03B6C86285432B07A8B1DB39FEE1FC09.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pteridaceae E. D. M. Kirchn.	<div><p>Pteridaceae E.D.M.Kirchn.</p><p>This family is cosmopolitan, consisting of 53 genera and around 1,210 species (Schuettpelz et al. 2007; PPG I 2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C86285432B07A8B1DB39FEE1FC09	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862855D2B19AB16DAC5FABDFB14.text	03B6C862855D2B19AB16DAC5FABDFB14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Christella H. Lev.	<div><p>15. Christella H.Lév.</p><p>Christella is comprised of around 66 paleotropical species, from China and the Southeast of continental Asia to India, where the center of diversity of the genus is found. In the Neotropical region three species are recorded, with one naturalized, Christella dentata (Forssk.) Brownsey &amp; Jermy (Fawcett &amp; Smith 2021) . In Brazil, three species are recorded, distributed principally in the Cerrado and Atlantic Rainforest biomes (Salino et al. 2023). In the study area, two species were recorded.</p><p>Key for the species of Christella in the PNNRP, Brazil</p><p>1. Pinnae with acicular and glandular hairs; basal veins of adjacent segments always joining at the sinus; indusia with acicular and glandular hairs................................................................ 15.1. Christella conspersa</p><p>1’. Pinnae with only acicular hairs; basal veins of adjacent segments joining well below the sinus, rarely at the sinus; indusia with only acicular hairs ................................................................ 15.2. Christella hispidula</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862855D2B19AB16DAC5FABDFB14	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862855D2B19A8B1D8AFFBD9FE77.text	03B6C862855D2B19A8B1D8AFFBD9FE77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link	<div><p>14.1. Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link, Handb. Gewachse 3: 20 (1833). Fig. 5b</p><p>Plants terrestrial. Stem ascending to short-creeping, with lanceolate scales, 2.5–5 mm long, pale brown. Fronds 73–119.5 cm long, monomorphic, 1- or 2-pinnate-pinnatifid (rarely 3-pinnate-pinnatifid), erect; petiole 30.5–53.5 cm long, dark brown to black, glabrous, sulcate adaxially, with scales similar to those on the stem at the base; rachis similar to the petiole; laminae 42.5–66 cm long, lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate; rachis similar to the petiole, pinnae 3.4–14.7 cm long, 13–32 pairs, pinnules lanceolate, chartaceous, with a whitish farinaceous wax abaxially, margins entire to coarsely denticulate, base cuneate, apex acute. Sori linear along the veins; indusia absent.</p><p>Examined material: MARANHÃO: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, Povoado Curupá, 09°53’05’’S, 45°53’20’’W, 380 m, 19.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 13 (CCAA); próxima a casa de serraria na <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.270554&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.822778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.270554/lat -9.822778)">Fazenda do Merval</a>, 09°49’22’’S, 46°16’14’’W, 373 m, 19.VII.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 320 (CCAA, UB). PIAUÍ:Barreiras do PiauÍ, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.59778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.007222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.59778/lat -10.007222)">Brejo do Curicaca</a>, 10°00’26’’S, 45°35’52’’W, 446 m, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 47 (CCAA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.59722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.006945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.59722/lat -10.006945)">Cabeceira do Curicaca</a>, 10°00’25’’S, 45°35’50’’W, 457 m, 16.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 244 (CCAA, UB).</p><p>Pityrogramma calomelanos is widely distributed in the Neotropical region, occurring from the south of the United States (Florida) to Argentina (Kessler et al. 2017; Prado et al. 2017). In Brazil, it is found in all states and biomes (Prado &amp; Hirai 2023b). In the study area, it was recorded in various environments, occurring on the inside and margins of the vereda, in the gallery forest, and disturbed areas.</p><p>The species is characterized by the 1- or 2-pinnate-pinnatifid (rarely 3-pinnate-pinnatifid) fronds, pinnules ascendant and by the sori along the veins. In the study area the specimens have leaves abaxially farinaceous white.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862855D2B19A8B1D8AFFBD9FE77	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862855D2B19AB16D98FFBDBFD4C.text	03B6C862855D2B19AB16D98FFBDBFD4C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thelypteridaceae Pic. Serm.	<div><p>Thelypteridaceae Pic.Serm.</p><p>Cosmopolitan, composed of approximately 1,190 species and 37 genera, comprising around 10% of all fern diversity (Fawcett &amp; Smith 2021). In Brazil, nine genera and around 101 species are recorded (Salino et al. 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862855D2B19AB16D98FFBDBFD4C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862855D2B1AA8B1DD47FEF3FE10.text	03B6C862855D2B1AA8B1DD47FEF3FE10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Christella conspersa (Schrad.) A. Love & D. Love	<div><p>15.1. Christella conspersa (Schrad.) Á.Löve &amp; D.Löve, Taxon 26: 326 (1977).</p><p>Plants terrestrial. Stem erect to short-creeping, with lanceolate scales com, 4–8.5 mm long, dark brown, pilose. Fronds 114–147.5 cm long, monomorphic, pinnate-pinnatifid; petiole 39.3–60 cm long, paleaceous to pale brown, sulcate adaxially, with hairs on both sides; rachis sulcate adaxially, with acicular hairs on both sides; laminae 54–100.5 × 21–33 cm long, lanceolate, base with com 1–2(–3) pairs of reduced pinnae; pinnae median 10.5–16.5 × 1.5–1.8 cm, 12–37 pairs, linear-lanceolate, pinnatisect, chartaceous, both sides with acicular and stalked glandular hairs on the costae, veins, and laminar tissue between the veins, margins entire, base truncate, apex acute to rounded; basal veins of adjacent segments always joining at the sinus. Sori rounded, median, indusia rounded, with acicular and glandular hairs.</p><p>Examined material: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, próxima à casa de serraria na <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.270554&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.822778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.270554/lat -9.822778)">Fazenda do Merval</a>, 09°49’22’’S, 46°16’14’’W, 373 m, 19.VII.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 313 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 314 (CCAA, UB).</p><p>Christella conspersa has Neotropical distribution, occurring from Panamá to South America, and in the Caribbean region (Ponce 2007; Smith &amp; Kessler 2017c). In Brazil, it occurs in the Cerrado and the Atlantic Rainforest, and in areas of dense ombrophilous forest in the Amazon biome (Salino et al. 2023). In the study area, it was found in shaded areas, inside the forest and on river banks along the rapids and waterfalls, and in wet soils exposed to light, in the vereda.</p><p>This species is characterized by the 1-pinnate-pinnatifid fronds, with acicular and glandular hairs and on both surfaces, basal veins of adjacent segments united at the sinus, indusia with both acicular and glandular hairs.</p><p>Christella conspersa can be confused with C. hispidula, which also occurs in the study area. However, they can be differentiated primarily by the indusia, which in C. conspersa have acicular and glandular hairs, whilst in C. hispidula the indusia have only acicular hairs. Additionally, the basal veins of the adjacent segments in C. conspersa are united always at the sinus, whilst in C. hispidula they are united, with rare exceptions, significantly below the sinus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862855D2B1AA8B1DD47FEF3FE10	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862855E2B1AA8B1D992FB7DFCAD.text	03B6C862855E2B1AA8B1D992FB7DFCAD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Christella hispidula (Decne.) Holttum, Kew Bull.	<div><p>15.2. Christella hispidula (Decne.) Holttum, Kew Bull. 31(2): 312 (1976). Fig. 5 c-d</p><p>Plants terrestrial. Stem decumbent to short-creeping, with lanceolate scales, 4.5–7 mm long, dark brown, pilose. Fronds 76–133.5 cm long, monomorphic, pinnatisect; petiole 33.5–54 cm long, paleaceous to pale brown, sulcate adaxially, with hairs on both sides; rachis sulcate adaxially, with acicular hairs on both sides; laminae 42.5–84.5 × 18–42 cm, pinnate-pinnatifid, lanceolate, base with 1–2(–3) pairs of reduced pinnae; pinnae median 10.8–20.6 × 1.4–2.6 cm, 23–28 pairs, linear-lanceolate, chartaceous, both sides with acicular hairs on the costae, veins, and laminar tissue between the veins, margins entire, base truncate, apex acute to rounded; basal veins of adjacent segments joining well below the sinus, rarely at the sinus. Sori rounded, median, indusia rounded, with acicular hairs.</p><p>Examined material: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, Povoado Curupá, 09°53’05’’S, 45°53’20’’W, 19.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 12 (CCAA, UB) .</p><p>Christella hispidula is a pantropical species of wide distribution, occurring from the Southeast of the United States to Argentina, also occurring in the Caribbean region, in tropical and subtropical Africa (Smith &amp; Kessler 2017c; Fawcett &amp; Smith 2021). In Brazil, it is recorded for the Amazon, Cerrado, and Atlantic Rainforest biomes (Salino et al. 2023). In the study area, it was found in the margin and interior of the vereda, in shaded, dry banks.</p><p>Characterized by the 1-pinnate-pinnatisect, with acicular hairs on both sides, costae abaxially with hairs of unequal length, reaching until 1mm in length; the basal veins united almost always well below the sinus, forming an excurrent vein that leads to the sinus, the indusia only bear acicular hairs. Christella hispidula can also be confused with C. dentata (Forssk.) Brownsey &amp; Jermy, however, the latter differs due to the generally brown petioles and rachis, and by the costae with predominantly short and uniform hairs abaxially, the majority of 0.1 to 0.2 mm in length, while C. hispidula has paleaceous pale-brown petioles and rachis and abaxial hairs over 0.3 mm long, sometimes reaching more than 0.5 mm. (Smith &amp; Kessler 2017c).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862855E2B1AA8B1D992FB7DFCAD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862855E2B1AAB16DBE5FABDF985.text	03B6C862855E2B1AAB16DBE5FABDF985.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Meniscium Schreb.	<div><p>16. Meniscium Schreb.</p><p>This genus consists of around 25 species in the Neotropical region (Fernandes &amp; Salino 2020). In Brazil, twelve species occur, of which a single one recorded in the study area, Meniscium delicatum R.S. Fernandes &amp; Salino, is endemic (Amazonas, Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso do Sul, PiauÍ) (Salino et al. 2023). In the study area, four species were recorded.</p><p>Key for the species of Meniscium in the PNNRP, Brazil</p><p>1. Pinnae with serrate margins......................................................................................16.4. Meniscium serratum</p><p>1’. Pinnae with entire, undulate, or crenate margins.</p><p>2. Twisted acicular hairs on the costae and veins abaxially, rarely on the laminar tissue and between the veins; 1–2 pairs of distal pinnae abruptly reduced............................. 16.1. Meniscium arborescens</p><p>2’. Only glandular hairs or glandular hairs and sparse acicular hairs present on the costae, veins, and laminar tissue between the veins abaxially; distal pinnae not abruptly reduced.</p><p>3. Laminae membranaceus; median pinnae 1.6–2.3 cm wide, with two kinds of hairs, glandular and sparse acicular, present on the costae, veins, and laminar tissue between the veins abaxially, 6–8 areoles between the costae and the margin; sporangium receptacle with acicular hairs ... .....................................................................................................................16.2. Meniscium delicatum</p><p>3’. Laminae chartaceous; median pinnae 2.7–3.8 cm wide, with only glandular hairs abaxially, 9–12 areoles between the costae and the margin; sporangium receptacle with glandular hairs ............................................................................................................... 16.3. Meniscium maxonianum</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862855E2B1AAB16DBE5FABDF985	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862855E2B1BA8B1DEF7FD91FBC9.text	03B6C862855E2B1BA8B1DEF7FD91FBC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Meniscium arborescens Willd., Sp. Pl.	<div><p>16.1. Meniscium arborescens Humb. &amp; Bonpl. ex Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 5: 133 (1810).</p><p>Fig. 5 e-f</p><p>Plants terrestrial. Stem short-creeping, glabrous. Fronds 131.5 – 244.5 cm long, monomorphic, pinnate; petiole 76.5–127 cm long, paleaceous to pale brown, angular, glabrescent; rachis paleaceous to pale brown, sulcate adaxially, with sparse acicular hairs on both sides; laminae 53– 117.5 × 16.5–64 cm, linear to oblong-lanceolate, with 1–2 pairs of distal pinnae abruptly reduced; pinnae median 10.5–32.5 × 1.5–4.3 cm, 14–21 pairs, linear to oblong-lanceolate, chartaceous, abaxially with sparse twisted hairs on the costae and veins, rarely on the laminar tissue between the veins, adaxial side rarely with hairs on the costae and veins, margins undulate to rarely crenate, base cuneate, apex acute to acuminate; veins anastomosed, 9–13 areoles between the costae and the margin of the pinnae. Sori oblong-arcuate; indusia absent.</p><p>Examined material: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, povoado Curupá, 09°53’05’’S, 45°53’20’’W, 380 m, 19.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 6 (CCAA); P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 10 (CCAA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.270554&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.822778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.270554/lat -9.822778)">Fazenda do Merval</a>, próxima a casa de serraria, 09°49’22’’S, 46°16’14’’W, 373 m, 19.VII.2023, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 315 (CCAA, UB); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 316 (CCAA, UB); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 317 (CCAA, UB).</p><p>Meniscium arborescens has Neotropical distribution, occurring from México to South America, and in the Caribbean region (Fernandes &amp; Salino 2020). In Brazil, it occurs in the Amazon Rainforest, Cerrado, and Atlantic Rainforest biomes (Salino et al. 2023). In the study area it was recorded growing in shady areas in flooded areas of the vereda, on the margins, in sunny areas, and in humid rock faces inside the gallery forest.</p><p>This species is characterized by chartaceous, ascendant pinnae, with twisted hairs principally on the costae and veins, and sparse on the abaxial laminar tissue between the veins. The specimens from the study area generally present between 1–2 distal abruptly reduced pinnae.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862855E2B1BA8B1DEF7FD91FBC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862855F2B1BA8B1DC48FAB7FE49.text	03B6C862855F2B1BA8B1DC48FAB7FE49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Meniscium delicatum R. S. Fern. & Salino, Phytotaxa	<div><p>16.2. Meniscium delicatum R.S.Fern. &amp; Salino, Phytotaxa 273(3): 176 (2016). Fig. 5g</p><p>Plants terrestrial. Stem short-creeping, glabrous. Fronds 38–90.5 cm long, monomorphic, pinnate; petiole 16.1–42 cm long, slightly paleaceous to pale brown, sulcate adaxially, glabrous; rachis paleaceous to pale brown, sulcate adaxially, with sparse glandular hairs; laminae 20.5–48.5 × (10–) 19–23.5 cm, ovate; pinnae median 7.7–20 × 1.6–2.5 cm, 3–7 pairs, linear-lanceolate, slightly falcate, petiolulate, membranaceous, abaxially with two kinds of hairs, glandular and sparse acicular, present on the costae, veins, and laminar tissue between the veins, margins undulate to crenate, base rounded, apex acuminate; veins anastomosed, 6–8 areoles between the costa and the margin of the pinnae. Sori round to oblong-arcuate, with acicular hairs on the sporangium receptacle; indusia absent.</p><p>Examined material: Barreiras do PiauÍ, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.796665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.195833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.796665/lat -10.195833)">Cachoeira do Urubu</a>, 10°11’45’’S, 45°47’48’’W, 470 m, 14.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 97 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 104 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 106 (CCAA); P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 109 (CCAA, UB).</p><p>Meniscium delicatum is endemic to Brazil and is recorded in the states of Amazonas, Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás, Maranhão, and PiauÍ in the Amazon, Caatinga, and Cerrado biomes (Fernandes &amp; Salino 2020). In the study area it was found growing with pendulous fronds in humid and shady arenitic rock formations, on the cliffs of the Cachoeira do Urubu.</p><p>Characterized by the membranaceous laminae, with the base of the pinnae median and rounded distals, short petiolated, with 6–8 areoles between the costae and the margin of the pinnae, and the sporangium receptacle with acicular hairs.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862855F2B1BA8B1DC48FAB7FE49	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862855F2B1BAB16D9C8FB05FA70.text	03B6C862855F2B1BAB16D9C8FB05FA70.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Meniscium maxonianum (A. R. Sm.) R. S. Fern. & Salino, Phytotaxa	<div><p>16.3. Meniscium maxonianum (A.R.Sm.) R.S.Fern. &amp; Salino, Phytotaxa 184(1): 9 (2014). Fig. 5 h-i</p><p>Plants terrestrial. Stem short-creeping, glabrous. Fronds (30.5–) 136–168 cm long, monomorphic, pinnate; petiole (15.5–) 68.5–85.5 cm long, pale brown to greenish, sulcate adaxially, with sparse glandular hairs; rachis paleaceous to pale brown, adaxially sulcate, with glandular hairs on both sides; laminae (15–)64–84 × (9.5–) 30–60 cm, pinnate, oblong-lanceolate; pinnae median (5.8–)21.5–32.5 × (1.3–) 2.7–3.8 cm, (3–)10–13 pairs, linear-lanceolate, usually slightly falcate, chartaceous, abaxially with only glandular hairs, glabrous or with sparse glandular hairs adaxially, margins undulate to crenate, base basiscopic, usually rounded, rarely long-cuneate, apex acute to rarely acuminate; veins anastomosed, 9–12 areoles between the costa and the margin of the pinnae. Sori oblong-arcuate, with glandular hairs on the sporangium receptacle; indusia absent.</p><p>Examined material: Alto ParnaÍba, PNNRP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.9275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.165555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.9275/lat -10.165555)">Cachoeira do Sussuapara</a>, 10°09’56’’S, 45°55’39’’W, 422 m, 21.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 31 (CCAA); P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 42 (CCAA); 15.XII.2022, P. H. Castro-Aguiar et al. 166 (CCAA, UB) .</p><p>Meniscium maxonianum has a South America distribution (Fernandes &amp; Salino 2020). In Brazil, it occurs in the Amazon, Cerrado, and Atlantic Rainforest (Salino et al. 2023). In the study area, it was recorded growing on the edges of streams in the gallery forest and surrounding waterfalls.</p><p>This species is characterized by the chartaceous laminae, with numerous glandular, short-pedicellate hairs abaxially, by the cuneate pinnae base, 9–12 areoles between the costae and the margin of the pinnae, and the receptacles of the sporangium bearing glandular hairs.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862855F2B1BAB16D9C8FB05FA70	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
03B6C862855F2B1CAB16DDB2FDC2FC4A.text	03B6C862855F2B1CAB16DDB2FDC2FC4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Meniscium serratum Cav.	<div><p>16.4. Meniscium serratum Cav., Descr. Pl. (Cavanilles) 548 (1803).</p><p>Plants terrestrial. Stem short-creeping, glabrous. Fronds 97–110 cm long, monomorphic, pinnate; petiole 39–57.5 cm long, paleaceous to pale brown, angular, glabrous; rachis paleaceous, sulcate adaxially, with sparse acicular hairs on both sides; laminae 49–60 × 26.5–32 cm, lanceolate to oblong; pinnae median 14.5–18 × 3.2–3.7 cm, 8–11 pairs, oblong-lanceolate, chartaceous, abaxially with twisted acicular hairs on the costae and veins, rarely on the laminar tissue between the veins, adaxially glabrous, with sparse acicular hairs on the costae, margins serrate, base cuneate to rounded, apex acute to acuminate; veins anastomosed, 12–14 areoles between the costae and the margin of the pinnae. Sori not observed.</p><p>Examined material: Barreiras do PiauÍ, Rio UruçuÍ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.57083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.953889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.57083/lat -9.953889)">Vermelho</a>, 09°57’14’’S, 45°34’15’’W, 396 m, 20.IV.2022, P. H. C. Aguiar et al. 17 (CCAA) .</p><p>Meniscium serratum has wide Neotropical distribution, from Mexico to Argentina and in the Caribbean region (Fernandes &amp; Salino 2020). In Brazil, it occurs in the Amazon, Cerrado, and Atlantic Rainforest biomes (Salino et al. 2023). In the present study, it is recorded as a new occurrence for the state of PiauÍ, having been observed in arenitic soil along the river banks.</p><p>It is the only species of the genus in Brazil with pinnae with serrate margins. According to Fernandes &amp; Salino (2020), Meniscium serratum resembles M. arborescens due to its generally ascendant and lanceolate pinnae, secondary veins forming a sigmoid pattern and twisted hairs abaxially on the costae veins and laminar tissue between the veins, whiles M. arborescens has undulate and crenate pinnate margins.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6C862855F2B1CAB16DDB2FDC2FC4A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique;Fernandes, Rozijane Santos;Zappi, Daniela Cristina	Castro-Aguiar, Pedro Henrique, Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Zappi, Daniela Cristina (2025): Ferns of the Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba Brazilian Cerrado. Rodriguesia (e 00612024) 76: 1-24, DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202576004, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202576004
