identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03B587F8FFDDFF9FFF119A7F06ABC80D.text	03B587F8FFDDFF9FFF119A7F06ABC80D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brasilana Souza & Bento & Lima & Ferreira 2025	<div><p>Genus Brasilana gen. nov.</p><p>ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 44DA9B4C-8ED2-42F6-B441-3A2F8C236D85</p><p>Type species. Brasilana spelaea gen. nov. et sp. nov., by monotypy and original designation.</p><p>Generic diagnosis. Non-volvational, anophtalm, translucid. Frontal lamina approximately 4 × longer than wide. Antennula peduncle 3-articulate, first article cylindrical and bending at almost right angle; antennular flagellum 7-articulate. Maxillula lateral lobe well developed with curved setae on distal margin; mesial lobe with 4 apically plumed setae. Maxilla mesial lobe well developed. Mandibular incisor 4-cuspidate, lateral cusp more developed and subacute. Maxilliped endite with 2 plumose setae and 1 coupling hook. Conspicuous distal lobe present on pereopods 1-7 basis. Paired median penes. Pleonites 1-4 free. Appendix masculina basally inserted. Uropod endopod lanceolate, apically truncate, about 1.3 × longer than greatest width, bearing simple setae; exopod approximately 5.5 × longer than wide, lateral margin with 3 sets (1-2-2) of small stout setae. Pleotelson distal margin with 5 small stout setae and numerous plumose setae.</p><p>Etymology. The generic name is a combination of Brasi (Latin) + (Ciro) lana. Gender, feminine.</p><p>Remarks. Brasilana gen. nov. is characterized by having an antennular peduncle, that originally consists of 4 articles, compounded by 3 articles, since the first 2 articles are completely fused, the second article (originally the 3 rd), slender, is slightly longer than the 1 st one which is bent at almost right angle, and the fourth article is vestigial. This special configuration of the 1 st article of the antennular peduncle of Brasilana gen. nov. is different from that of all the other Cirolaninae genera. In none of them does the 1 st article (corresponding to the first 2 original articles) bend at a right angle. That is, in Brasilana gen. nov., the 1 st article is not collinear with the last articles of the antennular peduncle as in all other Cirolaninae genera; instead, it is “geniculate” (article 2 at right angles to article 1), as referred by Keable (2006: 139). Yet, in Brasilana gen. nov., unlike in the Cirolaninae genera, the 1 st article is cylindrical throughout, there is no broad base, and it is “nearly sphaerical” as described for Cirolanides texensis (see Benedict 1896). It is possible to observe a vestigial transverse suture in the place where the 1 st article of the antennula bends (Fig. 6A, 9A). In some species of Haptolana – e.g., H. trichostoma, H. pholeta Bruce &amp; Humphreys, 1993, and H. bowmani, there is a fusion of the first 2 original articles of the antennular peduncle, but they are colinear (and in H. bowmani the fusion is indicated by a longitudinal, not a transverse, line). In Brasilana gen. nov., the 3 rd article of the antennula (which corresponds to the 4 th original) is extremely short, as is normally the case in many genera. In Cirolanidae, this 3 rd /4 th article has already been interpreted as a “very well apical zone of the distal peduncular article of AI” or “strongly individualized distal zone” for Haptolana (see Botosaneanu &amp; Iliffe 2000), duly recognized as the 4 th article for other species of Haptolana (see Bruce &amp; Humphreys 1993), ignored in descriptions, e.g., for Antrolana lira Bowman, 1964 and Kensleylana briani Bruce &amp; Herrando-Pérez, 2005, and described as the “1 st one very small” article of flagellum for Arubolana rotunditelson Botosaneanu and Stock, 1979 (Botosaneanu &amp; Iliffe 2010: 5). As made clear by Riseman &amp; Brusca (2002: 68), “Brusca &amp; Wilson (1991) suggested that the minute fourth article of the antennule might not be peduncular”. However, we agree with Riseman and Brusca and regard it as part of the peduncle.</p><p>Brasilana gen. nov. also has a conspicuous lobe on the distal dorsal corner in the posterior face at the basis of all pereopods 1–7 which is interpreted here as unique in Cirolaninae .</p><p>Brasilana gen. nov. can be distinguished from each of the Cirolaninae as follows: 1. Antrolana: antennular flagellum compound by 7 articles (vs. 12–18), antenna peduncle 5-articulate (vs. 6-articulate), pereonites with posteroventral corners moderately produced on pereonites 1–3 and very produced on pereonites 4–7 (vs. without posteroventral corners on pereonites 1–3 and with posteroventral corners only moderately produced on pereonites 4–7); 2. Arubolana: pereopod 2 semi-raptorial (vs. strongly raptorial), male pleopod 2 appendix masculina inserted basally (vs. inserted sub-basally); 3. Cirolana: antenulla peduncle articles 1 and 2 combined lengths less than article 3 length (vs. lengths greater than article 3 length), frontal lamina size approximately 10% of the width of clypeus (vs. c. 40% of the width of clypeus), frontal lamina narrow, hourglass shape (vs. wide, pentagonal or subquadrate), pereopod 1 merus with acute robust setae (vs. with tubercular robust setae), pereopods 1 raptorial, 2–3 semi-raptorial, 4–7 ambulatory (vs. all ambulatory – not always); 4. Cirolanides: antennula peduncle 3-articulate (vs. 4-articulate considering that what is interpreted as the 1 st article of the flagellum, is, actually, the distal article of the peduncle), flagellum of antennulae short (vs. elongated), pleonite 5 covered laterally by pleonite 4, without free lateral margins (vs. not covered, with free lateral margins), posterior margin of pleotelson oval (vs. truncate with medial concavity or well-rounded); 5. Creasseriella: antennula peduncle 3-articulate (vs. 2-articulate), only pleonite 5 without free lateral margins (vs. pleonites 4- 5 without free lateral margins), posterior margin of pleotelson oval (vs. well-rounded); 6. Haptolana: pereopods 1 raptorial, 2–3 semi-raptorial, 4–7 ambulatory (vs. 1–7 raptorials); 7. Mexilana: antennula peduncle 3-articulate (vs. 4-articulate considering that what is interpreted as the 1 st article of the flagellum, is, actually, the distal article of the peduncle), pereopods 1 raptorial, 2–3 semi-raptorial, 4–7 ambulatory (vs. pereopods 1–2 weakly raptorial, pereopods 3–7 ambulatory), pleonites 1–5 complete, the 5 th without free lateral margins and covered by pleonite 4 (vs. 1–3 complete, pleonite 4 covered laterally by pleonite 3; pleonite 5 with central half separated from pleotelson by suture, lateral parts fused with pleotelson); 8. Speocirolana: maxilliped endite with 2 plumose setae and 1 coupling hook (vs. with 13 long, plumose setae and 2 coupling hooks), pereopods 1 raptorial, 2–3 semi-raptorial (vs. 1–3 strongly raptorials), uropodal protopod not reaching beyond the posterior margin of the pleotelson; without acute tip (vs. reaching (or not) beyond the posterior margin of the pleotelson; ending posteriorly in acute tip); 9. Sphaerolana: be unable to roll into a ball (vs. be able to roll into a ball), pleonites 3–5 visible (vs. no evidence of pleonites 3–5), pereopods 1 raptorial, 2–3 semi-raptorial (vs. pereopods 1–3 raptorial, pereopod 1 less so than the stouter 2–3), exopods of pleopods 3–5 divided by a suture (vs. exopods of pleopods 4–5 partially divided by a suture); 10. Yucatalana: large cirolanid – 11 mm (vs. very small – 3-4 mm), head reniform, with anterior margin subtruncate, without rostrum (vs. head with round lateral bulges and rather well developed rostrum), appendix masculina inserted basally (vs. appendix masculina subbasally inserted, with capitate apex preceded by short row of minute “ teeth”), paired, rounded/cylindrical, penes (vs. a single hemispherical penis); 11. Zulialana: large cirolanid – 11 mm (vs. very large – 30 mm), unable to roll into a ball (vs. able to roll almost perfectly into a ball), pleonites 1–5 visible, pleonite 5 covered laterally by pleonite 4 (vs. coalescence of the pleonal segments with the telson almost complete), exopods of pleopods 3–5 divided by a suture (vs. all exopods of pleopods without suture).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587F8FFDDFF9FFF119A7F06ABC80D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza, Leila A.;Bento, André R. Senna Diego M.;Lima, Sergio M. Q.;Ferreira, Rodrigo L.	Souza, Leila A., Bento, André R. Senna Diego M., Lima, Sergio M. Q., Ferreira, Rodrigo L. (2025): The first Brazilian troglobitic species of Cirolanidae (Isopoda, Cymothoida) - a potentially threatened species. Zootaxa 5692 (1): 77-107, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5692.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5692.1.4
03B587F8FFDCFF86FF119DBA05F7CC59.text	03B587F8FFDCFF86FF119DBA05F7CC59.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brasilana spelaea Souza & Bento & Lima & Ferreira 2025	<div><p>Brasilana spelaea gen. nov. et sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs. 5–14)</p><p>ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3DACADC3-B0A4-4543-BA12-B53FDB10277E</p><p>Material examined. Holotype: male, 10.1 mm length, 3.3 mm width, dissected and drawn, mounted on slides with glycerin gelatin, 05º29’44.11’’S; 37º32’42.24’’W, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-37.545067&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.495586" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -37.545067/lat -5.495586)">Caverna da Água</a>, Municipality of Governador Dix-Sept Rosado, Chapada do Apodi, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, coll. R. L. Ferreira. 19 September 2009 (ISLA 1359) . Paratypes (same collection data): 1 female, dissected, mounted on slides with glycerin gelatin (ISLA 1309); 8 females, one of them ovigerous, with 10 eggs, in 70% ethanol (ISLA 1324, 1329, 1345, 1358, 1361, 1362, 1363 and 1364); 1 male, prepared for SEM observations (ISLA 125938) .</p><p>Etymology. Name given as a reference to the Latin word spelaea, meaning “cave”.</p><p>Diagnosis. Same as the genus.</p><p>Description. Based on holotype male (ISLA 1359) and paratypes male (ISLA 125938) and female (ISLA 1309). Body (Fig. 5A) suboval, about 3 × longer than the greatest width at pereonite 5, unpigmented and translucent while alive, milky white in 70% ethanol; non-volvational. Head reniform (Fig. 5A), anterior margin subtruncate, approximately 2.3 × wider than long, encapsulated laterally by pereonite 1; anophtalm. Coxae 2–7, furrows present (Fig. 5B). Frontal lamina (Figs. 5C, 9A) narrow, slight hourglass shape, about 2.5 × longer than the greatest width, approximately 10% the width of the clypeus, reaching the middle of proximal part of the antennulae peduncles. Antennula (Fig. 6A) reaching the middle of pereonite 1, with flagellum subequal in size to the peduncle; peduncle 3-articulate, with vestigial transversal suture (Fig. 6A, 9A) on the first article, which is bent at right angle; flagellum 7-articulate, apical article, the 7th, is like a tiny cone. Antenna (Fig. 6C) a little less than half the total body length, peduncle 5-articulate, flagellum 28-articulate. Right mandible (Figs. 6B, 9C, E), molar anterior margin with 15 stout setae; with abundant long scale-setae; spine row composed of 9 spines; incisor 3-cuspidate, lateral cusp more developed and subacute. Left mandible (Fig. 9B, D, F) palp article 2 about 5 × longer than wide, with 19 distolateral biserrate setae, article 3 suboval, with 13 plumose setae. Maxillula (Figs. 6D, 10D–E), lateral lobe well developed with 12 (left) / 13 (right) curved setae on distal margin; mesial lobe with 4 apical plumose setae. Maxilla (Figs. 6E, 10F) lateral lobe slightly longer than middle lobe, with 5 long distal plumose setae; middle lobe suboval, with 9 long plumose setae (5 dorsally placed, 4 ventral); mesial lobe well developed, bearing 12 plumose setae. Maxilliped (Figs. 6F, 10A–C) palp 6-articulate; article 2, mesial margin with 5 plumose setae, lateral margin naked; article 3, mesial margin with 14 plumose setae, lateral margin with 4 plumose setae; article 4, mesial margin with 12 plumose setae, lateral margin with 2 plumose setae, mediodistal lobe present; article 5, mesial margin naked, outer margin with 4 plumose setae, apical margin with 12 plumose setae; endite with 4 plumose setae and 2 coupling hooks.</p><p>Pereopods (Fig. 7A–G) 1 raptorial, 2 semi-raptorial, 3-7 ambulatory, all with a conspicuous lobe on the distal dorsal corner of the basis, at the posterior face.</p><p>Pereopod 1 (Figs. 7A, 11A–D) raptorial, basis 3 × longer than wide, with 3 small slender setae on posterior margin; ischium 1.5 × as long as the greatest width, about 0.6 × the length of basis, posterior margin with 2 small slender setae; merus subrectangular, about 1.2 × wider than long, with 3 stout setae and 1 slender seta on posterior margin; carpus subtriangular, small, with a cluster of 6 setae (2 stout and 4 slender) on posterodistal corner; propodus about 2.2 × as long as greatest width, tapering distally, with 4 stout setae and 2 distal long slender setae; dactylus elongate, thick, about 0.75 × the length of propodus, nail present. Pereopod 2 (Figs. 7B, 11E–F) semi-raptorial, basis 3.3 × longer than wide, with 5 small slender setae on posterior margin; ischium 1.7 × as long as the greatest width, anterodistal corner with 2 stout setae, posterodistal corner with a cluster of 4 stout setae and 1 slender seta; merus 1.4 × longer than wide, subrectangular, posterior margin with 3 sets (1-3-3) of setae; carpus subrectangular, about 1.3 × longer than wide, posterior margin with 2 sets (2-3) of setae; propodus about 2.7 × as long as the greatest width, posterior margin with 3 sets (2-3-3) of setae; dactylus elongate, thick, about 0.85 × the length of propodus, nail present. Pereopod 3 (Figs. 7C, 12A–B) ambulatory, basis about 3.7 × longer than wide; ischium about twice as long as the greatest width, posterior margin with 3 slender setae, anterodistal and posterodistal corners with cluster of 3 setae each; merus subrectangular, about 1.8 × longer than wide, posterior margin with 3 setae, anterodistal and posterodistal corners with set of 3 stout setae each; carpus subrectangular, about 1.9 × longer than wide, posterior margin with a couple of stout setae, posterodistal corner with cluster of 3 setae; propodus about 3.4 × longer than wide, posterior margin with 3 couples of stout setae; dactylus about 0.75 × the length of propodus, nail present. Pereopod 4 (Figs. 7D, 12C–D) ambulatory, basis about 3.2 × longer than wide; ischium about 2.3 × as long as the greatest width, posterior margin with 3 slender setae, anterodistal and posterodistal corners with cluster of 3 setae each; merus subrectangular, about 1.7 × longer than wide, posterior margin with a proximal set of 3 setae, anterodistal and posterodistal corners with set of 3 stout setae each; carpus slightly elongate, about 4.3 × longer than wide, posterior margin with 3 sets (3-3-2) of stout setae; propodus about 5 × longer than wide, posterior margin with 3 sets of 3 stout setae; dactylus about 0.6 × the length of propodus, nail present. Pereopods 5–7 similar to each other, but consecutively and slightly longer than the previous one. Pereopod 5 (Figs. 7E, 12E) basis anterior margin with 7 minute setae; ischium 3.2 × as long as greatest width, anterodistal and posterodistal corners with cluster of 4 stout setae; merus about 2.2 × longer than wide, anterodistal corner with a cluster of 6 setae, posterodistal corner with a cluster of 4 stout setae; carpus about 3.2 × longer than broad, anterior margin with 2 sets of 3 setae, anterodistal corner with cluster of 5 setae, posterodistal corners with cluster of 6 setae (2 of them apically plumed); propodus elongate, about 6.1 × longer than wide, anterior margin with 2 sets (2-3) of setae; dactylus about 0.6 × the length of propodus, nail present. Pereopod 6 (Fig. 7F) ambulatory, basis anterior margin with 6 minute setae; ischium about 3.5 × as long as the greatest width, anterodistal and posterodistal corners with cluster of 4 setae each; merus about 2.3 × longer than wide, anterodistal corner with cluster of 5 setae, posterodistal corner with cluster of 3 setae; carpus about 5.4 × longer than wide, anterior margin with 2 sets (2-3) of setae, anterodistal corner with cluster of 3 setae, posterodistal corner with cluster of 6 setae (2 of them apically plumed); propodus elongate, about 7.3 × longer than wide, anterior margin with 4 sets (1-1-3-2) of setae, anterodistal corner with cluster of 3 setae; dactylus about half the length of propodus, nail present. Pereopod 7 (Fig. 7G) ambulatory, basis anterior margin with 7 minute setae; ischium about 4 × as long as the greatest width, anterior margin with 2 pairs of setae, anterodistal and posterodistal corners with cluster of 4 setae each; merus about 2.6 × longer than wide, anterior margin with a pair of setae, anterodistal corner with a cluster of 3 setae; carpus elongated, about 5.5 × longer than wide, anterior margin with 2 sets (1-3) of setae; propodus elongate, about 8.6 × longer than wide, anterior margin with 3 sets (1-2-2) of setae; dactylus about half the length of propodus, nail present.</p><p>Paired median penes on sternite 7, rounded to subcylindrical, with pores bordered by a thick crenulated layer (Fig. 12F).</p><p>Pleonites (Fig. 7A) 1–4 free, pleonite 5 covered laterally by pleonite 4, corresponding to Bowman’s (1975) “group b” pleonal segmentation pattern. Pleopod 1 (Figs. 8A, 13A–B) exopod about twice as long as wide, broadly rounded distally, margin of distal third with 36 plumose setae, mesial margin strongly convex; endopod about 2.8 × longer than wide, narrowly rounded distally, distal margin with 18 plumose setae, lateral margin slightly concave, naked, mesial margin almost straight, naked; peduncle 1.5 × wider then long, mesial margin with 5 coupling hooks. Pleopod 2 (Figs. 8B, 13C–D) exopod about 1.7 × longer than wide, broadly rounded distally, margin of distal half with 50 plumose setae, mesial margin strongly convex; endopod about 2.3 × longer than wide; appendix masculina inserted basally, longer than endopod, with parallel margins, slightly bent outwards in the distal half and subtruncate apex; peduncle 1.6 × wider then long, mesial margin with 4 coupling hooks, distolateral margin with acute spine. Pleopod 3 (Figs. 8C, 13E–F) exopod divided by transverse suture, about 1.4 × longer than wide, with 62 plumose setae; endopod about 1.7 × longer than wide, margin naked. Pleopod 4 (Figs. 8D, 14A–C) exopod divided by a transverse suture, similar to pleopod 3. Pleopod 5 (Figs. 8E, 14D–E) exopod divided by transverse suture, about 1.6 × longer than wide, with 40 plumose setae. Pleotelson (Figs. 8F, 14F) with smooth dorsal surface; large, slightly wider than long (considering the greatest width in the basal portion); posterior margin oval, crenulated, with 5 small stout setae and numerous plumose setae. Uropod (Fig. 8G) rami subequal in length, extending beyond the distal end of the pleotelson; endopod lanceolate, apically truncate, about 1.3 × longer than the greatest width, mesial and lateral margins distally crenulated, marginal setae in single tier; exopod slender, about 5.5 × longer than the greatest width, outer margin with 3 sets (1-2-2) of small stout setae.</p><p>Females. 1 female ovigerous with 10 white eggs was observed (Fig. 1C). Differing by the absence of the penial processes and appendix masculina.</p><p>Remarks. Based on the characters of the first article of the antennular peduncle and in the frontal lamina, B. spelaea gen. nov. et sp. nov. resembles to Politolana impressa (Harger, 1883) (compare with Figure 5 in Riseman &amp; Brusca 2002: 65). Brasilana spelaea gen. nov. et sp. nov. also superficially resembles both other species of Politolana and Natalolana in these respects. Politolana and Natalona are Conilerinae marine epigean genera, and in the molecular phylogeny presented here, together with C. harfordi, represent the sister-group of B. spelaea gen. nov. et sp. nov. (as mentioned above). Politolana was found to be paraphyletic by Riseman &amp; Brusca (2002). They also focused on the possible paraphyletic nature of Natatolana . In the phylogeny presented here, Natatolana appears as monophyletic. Both, Politolana and Natatolona include Brazilian species – P. tricarinata Riseman, Pires-Vanin &amp; Brusca, 2001 and P. eximia (Hansen, 1890) from São Sebastião coast, Ubatuba, southeastern Brazil (Riseman et al. 2001) and N. gracilis (Hansen, 1890) from several localities off northern Brazil (Kensley &amp; Shotte 1989). Although the frontal lamina and antennule are similar in some aspects in the 3 genera, B. spelaea gen. nov. et sp. nov. differs from Politolana and Natatolana in many respects. Brasilana spelaea gen. nov. et sp. nov. differs from Politolana e.g., by the absence of small secondary ungui on dactyli; by possessing only pereopods 2–3 ischium produced anterodistally; by the absence of biplumose setae on all pleon epimeres or just simple setae confined to the third pleonite; and by the uropod endopod of adults without notch in distolateral margin (see Riseman &amp; Brusca 2002). Brasilana spelaea gen. nov. et sp. nov. differs from Natatolana e.g., by anophthalmia, absence of head rostral point, and mainly the absence of long plumose setae on the pereopod 7 basis.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587F8FFDCFF86FF119DBA05F7CC59	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza, Leila A.;Bento, André R. Senna Diego M.;Lima, Sergio M. Q.;Ferreira, Rodrigo L.	Souza, Leila A., Bento, André R. Senna Diego M., Lima, Sergio M. Q., Ferreira, Rodrigo L. (2025): The first Brazilian troglobitic species of Cirolanidae (Isopoda, Cymothoida) - a potentially threatened species. Zootaxa 5692 (1): 77-107, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5692.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5692.1.4
