taxonID	type	description	language	source
03B34855FF84FFE1FF67FD80FE05BAD4.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: — Italy. Umbria (Central Italy), Spada Lakes Natural Park GPS coordinates: 43 ° 25 ’ 28.5 ” N 12 ° 14 ’ 25.9 ” E, elev. 288 m, on sandy soil riparian environment dominated by Populus alba., Salix sp. and Alnus glutinosa, 29 October 2023, Galeotti G. B. (holotype PERU! m- 4475, isotype GDOR! 5768). GenBank: PQ 563301 (ITS), PQ 563295 (LSU), PQ 561215 (rpb 2).	en	Galeotti, Giovanni B., Rubini, Andrea, Para, Roberto, Riccioni, Claudia, Belfiori, Beatrice (2025): Description of two new species of Pseudosperma in central Italy. Phytotaxa 693 (2): 113-132, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1
03B34855FF84FFE1FF67FD80FE05BAD4.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The term “ cupreum ” is derived from Latin cuprum (copper), meaning “ copper-like ” or “ of the color of copper. ”	en	Galeotti, Giovanni B., Rubini, Andrea, Para, Roberto, Riccioni, Claudia, Belfiori, Beatrice (2025): Description of two new species of Pseudosperma in central Italy. Phytotaxa 693 (2): 113-132, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1
03B34855FF84FFE1FF67FD80FE05BAD4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Pseudosperma cupreum differs from other members of the genus Pseudosperma by the combination of the following macroscopic characters: yellow-ochre-coloured pileus with a reddish-copper centre, absence of a velipellis, stipe ranging from clavate to bulbous, weak aromatic odour with spermatic component. It is also characterized for its growth under Populus sp., Salix sp. and Alnus sp. Additionally, the ITS sequence shows more than 3 % of genetic distance from those of phylogenetically related species such as P. umbrinellum and P. quercinum.	en	Galeotti, Giovanni B., Rubini, Andrea, Para, Roberto, Riccioni, Claudia, Belfiori, Beatrice (2025): Description of two new species of Pseudosperma in central Italy. Phytotaxa 693 (2): 113-132, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1
03B34855FF84FFE1FF67FD80FE05BAD4.taxon	description	Description: — Pileus 20 – 40 mm wide, slightly fleshy, initially conical-campanulate, later flattening with a prominent umbo; margin regular and involute, sometimes becoming revolute in mature specimens. Cuticle rimose, fibrillose, dry, longitudinally cracked, without any veil remnants. Background color ochraceous to light yellow, with reddish-copper tones in the center from which filiform strands of the same color radiate towards the margin. Hymenophore with lamellae spaced, adnate to uncinate, narrow, thin and irregular, with lamellulae of varying sizes, initially whitish, then ochre, with olivaceous hues and rust-coloured spots, finally brown at maturity. The lamellar edge is wavy, finely eroded, sterile and paler than the lamellar face. Spore print brown-ochre. Stipe 40 – 60 mm long, central, cylindrical, sometimes curved, white and pruinose at the apex, with ochraceous-fulvous tints near the base and when bruised. The base is clavate to distinctly bulbous. Context fibrous and whitish in the stipe, fragile in the cap. Odour faint aromatic with a spermatic component. Basidiospores (9.1) 9.7 – 11.3 (12.6) × (5.2) 5.5 – 6.3 (6.9) µm, L × W = 10.5 × 5.9 µm, Q = (1.5) 1.6 – 2.0 (2.2), Qm = 1.8, (n = 123), smooth and asymmetrical, ellipsoid in frontal view and amygdaliform in lateral view, occasionally ovoid and phaseoliform, with a slight supra-hilar depression, monoguttulate, and with an apiculus measuring 0.5 – 0.75 µm, visible in lateral view. Basidia (25.5) 27.0 – 33.9 (35.3) × (7.2) 8.1 – 11.1 (11.5) µm, L × W = 29.9 × 9.6 µm, (n = 32), predominantly tetrasporic, clavate, and multiguttulate. Cheilocystidia (15.5) 28.5 – 43.7 (52.0) × (3.8) 7.6 – 11.1 (13.5) µm, L × W = 35.6 × 9.1 µm, (n = 64), predominantly clavate, but also cylindrical with an obtuse or attenuated apex, occasionally branching. Pleurocystidia absent. Stipitipellis (22.5) 32.1 – 53.8 (75.4) × (5.3) 7.4 – 10.9 (13.1) µm, composed of parallel, cylindrical hyphae. Caulocystidia (22.5) 32.1 – 53.8 (75.4) × (5.3) 7.4 – 10.9 (13.1) µm, L × W = 42.5 × 9.1 µm, (n = 38), observed only at the stipe apex, highly variable, cylindrical, clavate, subcapitate, sometimes lanceolate or chain-like. Pileipellis (63.8) 66.6 – 116.3 (132.7) × (2.9) 3.1 – 6.25 (6.3) µm, L × W = 94.3 × 4.9 µm, (n = 22), formed by parallel hyphae (a cutis structure), with the subpellis composed of thicker and slightly swollen hyphae, showing conspicuous wall pigments and fine encrustation. Clamp connections present in all tissues observed, particularly at the base of the initial segments of caulocystidia and cheilocystidia. Additional specimen examined: — Italy. Spada Lakes Natural Park, Umbria (Central Italy), elev. 288 m, 05 November 2023, Galeotti G. B. (PERU! m- 4476); 04 November 2023, Galeotti G. B. (PERU! m- 4477); 23 June 2024, Galeotti G. B. (PERU! m- 4478).	en	Galeotti, Giovanni B., Rubini, Andrea, Para, Roberto, Riccioni, Claudia, Belfiori, Beatrice (2025): Description of two new species of Pseudosperma in central Italy. Phytotaxa 693 (2): 113-132, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1
03B34855FF86FFE4FF67FA2FFEBABDCA.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: — Italy. Umbria (Central Italy), Villa Montesca City Park, GPS coordinates: 43 ° 27 ’ 03.5 ” N 12 ° 13 ’ 29.1 ” E, elev. 400 m, gregarious, under broadleaf and conifer trees. 27 June 2023, Galeotti G. B. (holotype PERU! m- 4473, isotype GDOR! 5769). GenBank: PQ 563302 (ITS), PQ 563296 (LSU), PQ 561213 (rpb 2).	en	Galeotti, Giovanni B., Rubini, Andrea, Para, Roberto, Riccioni, Claudia, Belfiori, Beatrice (2025): Description of two new species of Pseudosperma in central Italy. Phytotaxa 693 (2): 113-132, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1
03B34855FF86FFE4FF67FA2FFEBABDCA.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — This species is named in honor of Baron Leopoldo Franchetti, a Senator of the Kingdom of Italy in the early 20 th century and the founder of the Villa Montesca Park, where the specimens were discovered.	en	Galeotti, Giovanni B., Rubini, Andrea, Para, Roberto, Riccioni, Claudia, Belfiori, Beatrice (2025): Description of two new species of Pseudosperma in central Italy. Phytotaxa 693 (2): 113-132, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1
03B34855FF86FFE4FF67FA2FFEBABDCA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Pseudosperma franchettii is characterized by its slender and robust appearance, a stipe that is nonbulbous and deeply rooting, a pileus of straw-yellow colour with a rusty red centre, and presence of a velipellis that is abundant only in young specimens but tending to dissolve at maturity. Microscopically it is characterized for the presence of polymorphic cheilocystidia: predominantly clavate but also cylindrical, asymmetric and fusiform. Additionally, the ITS sequence differs by more than 3 % from those of closely related species such as P. minutulum and P. pinophylum.	en	Galeotti, Giovanni B., Rubini, Andrea, Para, Roberto, Riccioni, Claudia, Belfiori, Beatrice (2025): Description of two new species of Pseudosperma in central Italy. Phytotaxa 693 (2): 113-132, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1
03B34855FF86FFE4FF67FA2FFEBABDCA.taxon	description	Description: — Pileus 30 – 70 mm large, moderately fleshy, conical-campanulate, later flattening with a prominent and acute umbo. Pileus margin exceeding lamellae and heavily lacerated, slightly involute even at maturity. Cuticle dry, rimose, fibrillose, often becoming dissociated at maturity. Young specimens are covered by a whitish velipellis, which quickly disappears as the basidiomata develop. In mature specimens, the pileus exhibits a straw-yellow background with a compact rusty-red disk with longitudinal, innate, fibrils of the same colour, extending to the margin. Hymenophore with lamellae moderately dense, adnate, sinuous, and slightly ventricose. Initially yellowish with olive shades, becoming ochre-brown at maturity, with a whitish lamellar edge. Lamellulae of various sizes are present. Spore print rusty-brown. Stipe 50 – 120 × 10 – 15 mm, robust and elongated, cylindrical, sometimes sinuous and curved. The base is slightly broadened or sub-clavate, deeply rooted. The surface is fibrillose and pruinose, particularly near the apex. Context fibrous, especially in the stipe, w hite, with slight ochre tones in some areas, slightly browning upon air exposure. Odour sweet, honey-like, faint spermatic in young specimens, nearly absent in mature ones. Basidiospores (8.7) 9.5 – 11.3 (13.1) × (5.5) 6.0 – 7.1 (7.8) µm, L × W = 10.3 × 6.6 µm, Q = (1.3) 1.4 – 1.7 (1.9), Qm = 1.6, (n = 76), smooth and asymmetric, ellipsoid, amygdaliform, ovoid, mono- and biguttulate, with marked heterospory observed in different specimens from the same collection. Basidia (27.5) 29.8 – 39.5 (45.5) × (10.2) 10.4 – 12.7 (14.3) µm, L × W = 34.5 × 11.5 µm, (n = 24), clavate, pluriguttulate, predominantly tetrasporic, sometime bisporic. Cheilocystidia (32.1) 35.9 – 49.8 (59.1) × (8.1) 9.5 – 13.8 (17.8) µm, L × W = 42.2 × 11.5 µm, (n = 32), predominantly clavate, cylindrical, asymmetric, rarely fusiform. Pleurocystidia a bsent. Pileipellis (53.5) 76.3 – 126.4 (135.2) × (4.2) 4.6 – 6.6 (7.0) µm, L × W = 101.6 × 5.5 µm, (n = 22) consisting of parallel hyphae (a cutis structure). Subpellis (70.3) 92.1 – 243.4 (263.2) × (7.8) 8.2 – 12.8 (16.9) µm, L × W = 163.7 × 10.8 µm, (n = 22), composed of thicker hyphae in the internal layers, coated with ochre pigment and finely encrusted. Stipitipellis (53.8) 57.2 – 107.3 (131.1) × (4.5) 5.1 – 7.4 (8.2) µm, composed of parallel cylindrical hyphae. Caulocystidia (21.4) 31.8 – 76.7 (80.1) × (7.0) 8.0 – 10.6 (12.7) µm, L × W = 53.6 × 9.2 µm, (n = 26), present only at the stipe apex, highly variable in shape, cylindrical, subcapitate, sometimes lanceolate, catenulate, and diverticulate. Clamp connections numerous, present in all tissues. Additional specimen examined: — Italy. Umbria (Central Italy), Villa Montesca City Park, GPS coordinates: 43 ° 27 ’ 03.5 ” N 12 ° 13 ’ 29.1 ” E, elev. 400 m, gregarious, under broadleaf and conifer trees, 16 May 2024, Galeotti G. B. (PERU! m- 4474).	en	Galeotti, Giovanni B., Rubini, Andrea, Para, Roberto, Riccioni, Claudia, Belfiori, Beatrice (2025): Description of two new species of Pseudosperma in central Italy. Phytotaxa 693 (2): 113-132, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.693.2.1
