identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
2AB350EBE7CE5BC599AB3D748AC95A56.text	2AB350EBE7CE5BC599AB3D748AC95A56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clitopilus baronii Consiglio & Setti	<div><p>Clitopilus baronii Consiglio &amp; Setti, Index Fungorum 427: 1. 2019.</p><p>Figs 3 a – d, 4 a – c, 6 a – c</p><p>Description.</p><p>Basidiomata pleurotoid to crepidotoid, small size. Pileus 3–15 mm wide, convex then expanded; surface yellowish-white (# 9 a 8 a 7 a), greyish (# a 6 a 39 f) to bluish-grey (# 6 a 757 b), usually subtly woolly-tomentose at the base then reduced to border; margin slightly incurved, even, sometimes faintly striated; context less than 1 mm thick. Lamellae whitish (# a 9 a 7 a 8) to yellowish (# 9 d 896 d), sometimes hygrophanous, slightly dense or crowded, edges entire and concolorous, lamellulae numerous. Stipe absent; the base with white (# e 9 ebed) mycelium. Odour none.</p><p>Basidiospores (6) 6.5–9.5 (11) × 4–5 (5.5) μm, L m × W m = 7.5 (± 1.01) × 4.5 (± 0.35) μm, Q = 1.4–1.98 (Q avg = 1.66 ± 0.14) [43 / 2 / 2], hyaline, ellipsoid to fusiform, subovoid in profile and face view, slightly angled in polar view with 8–10 inconspicuous or obscure longitudinal ridges in total. Basidia 17.5–24 × 6.5–9 μm, clavate, hyaline, 2 - or 4 - spored; sterigmata 3–5.5 μm. Lamellar trama subregular, composed of thin-walled, hyaline, cylindrical hyphae with a diameter of 2.5–9 μm. Lamellae edges fertile. Pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia absent, but occasionally forming a few cylindrical tramal hyphae with a diameter of 2–3 μm over the edge. Pileus context about 150–200 μm thick. Pileipellis a cutis composed of compactly arranged, thin-walled, hyaline, smooth, cylindrical hyphae with a diameter of 3.5–9 μm, featuring sparely arranged and erect hyphae with a diameter of 2–3 μm; pileal trama subregular or irregular, composed of hyaline, filamentous, thin-walled hyphae, with a diameter of 2.5–8.5 μm. Clamp connections absent.</p><p>Ecology and distribution.</p><p>Lignicolous, scattered or gregarious on rotten wood in the mixed broadleaf forest, distributed in Jiangsu Province, China, in May.</p><p>Additional specimens examined.</p><p>China • Jiangsu Province, Nanjing City,  Zijinshan, alt. 42 m, scattered or gregarious on rotten wood ( Quercus sp.), in the mixed broadleaf (i. e.  Quercus acutissima,  Quercus aliena,  Celtis sinensis,  Liquidambar formosana and  Cunninghamia lanceolata) forest, 7 May 2023, collected by X. Chen, CX 119 (KUN-HKAS 145333) ;   same places, alt. 38 m, scattered on rotten wood ( Quercus sp.), in the mixed broadleaf ( Quercus glauca,  Pterocarya stenoptera,  Ilex chinensis,  Cunninghamia lanceolata,  Ilex cornuta,  Liquidambar formosana and  Ligustrum lucidum) forest, 9 May 2023, collected by X. Chen, CX 134 (KUN-HKAS 145334)  .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Clitopilus baronii belongs to C. sect.  Scyphoides (Fig. 1). In the original description, this species was found growing on a decaying trunk of  Quercus sp. It is characterised by its sessile basidiomata, orbicular to conchate white pileus, cream-rose lamellae, ellipsoidal to subamygdaliform basidiospores with 8–10 obscure longitudinal ridges and lageniform cheilocystidia. The macro- and microscopic features of our specimens (KUN-HKAS 145333 &amp; 145334) closely match those described in the primary literature (Consiglio and Setti 2019). However, we did not observe any lageniform cheilocystidia in our specimens; we only identified a few thin cylindrical tramal hyphae over the edge. This observation aligns with findings by Noordeloos (1984) regarding  C. daamsii, particularly in some older specimens. In our previous study, we also noted this phenomenon of thin cylindrical tramal hyphae at the edge in  C. crispus Pat. However, this occurrence was generally casual and rare.</p><p>In the phylogenetic tree of  Clitopilus, we could discover some unusual results regarding  C. baronii . In the combined multigene analyses (ITS - LSU - RPB 2 - TEF 1), our specimens were found to separate from the clades of  C. baronii and grouped (BS / PP = 69 / 1) closer to  C. pinstus (G. Immerzeel 1990-11). When we compared the different genes separately between our samples and holotype of  C. baronii (AMB 18363), we found that our samples exhibited over 99 % similarity in ITS region. However, the similarity was only about 90 % for both RPB 2 and TEF 1. For ITS, we have tested them several times in different companies, but all yielded consistent results. Regarding RPB 2 and TEF 1, we did not detect any issues with the original data; all sequences were bidirectionally sequenced to ensure unimodality and were matched by hand in software. Considering the macro- and microscopic features, we tentatively classified our specimens as  Clitopilus baronii . More samples are needed to resolve our uncertainties regarding both the presence of cheilocystidia and the phylogenetic relationship.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2AB350EBE7CE5BC599AB3D748AC95A56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Jian, Sipeng;Chen, Xia;Yang, Tianwei;Xu, Xinjing;Gao, Feng;Fang, Yiwei;Liu, Jing;Zhang, Chunxia	Jian, Sipeng, Chen, Xia, Yang, Tianwei, Xu, Xinjing, Gao, Feng, Fang, Yiwei, Liu, Jing, Zhang, Chunxia (2025): Biotrophic and saprophytic fungi from the Rhodocybe - Clitopilus clade (Entolomataceae): two new species and one now record in subtropical China. MycoKeys 116: 227-254, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.116.148775
AB00306667D05C2AB052B024B0DE1F9C.text	AB00306667D05C2AB052B024B0DE1F9C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clitopilus parasiticus S. P. Jian, X. Chen & Z. H. Zhang 2025	<div><p>Clitopilus parasiticus S. P. Jian, X. Chen &amp; Z. H. Zhang sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1, 3 e – h, 4 d – f, 5 a – c</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>China • Jiangsu Province, Nanjing City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.83&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.08" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.83/lat 32.08)">Zijinshan</a>, E 118.83, N 32.08, alt. 32 m, scattered on soil, in the mixed broadleaf (i. e.  Quercus variabilis,  Robinia pseudoacacia,  Osmanthus fragrans,  Broussonetia papyrifera,  Ilex latifolia and  Yulania sp.) forest, 15 August 2024, collected by X. Chen and Z. H. Zhang, CX 966 (KUN-HKAS 145336). GenBank: ITS = PQ 793169; LSU = PQ 781613; RPB 2 = PQ 788398  .</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>“ parasiticus ” is proposed by its biotrophic behaviour.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Clitopilus parasiticus is similar to  C. hobsonii, but differs by the tomentose pileus, explanate margin and smaller basidiospores.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Basidiomata pleurotoid to conchoid, small size. Pileus 2–8 mm, convex; surface whitish (# b 4 c 4 cb) to chalk white (# e 3 edf 3), with fine tomentose texture usually extending beyond the margin and densely woolly-tomentose at the base; margin typically applanate; context less than 1 mm thick. Lamellae meeting at an excentric point, whitish (# c 6 d 4 d 3) to yellowish-white (# d 3 dad 4) to yellowish (# dac 7 ac), slightly dense or crowded, edges entire and concolorous, lamellulae numerous. Stipe absent or very short, eccentric to lateral, measuring 1–2 × 0.2–0.5 mm, concolorous with lamellae. The base with white (# dddddf) mycelium. Odour none.</p><p>Basidiospores (5) 5.5–8.5 × 3.5–5.0 (5.5) μm, L m × W m = 6.6 (± 0.63) × 4.2 (± 0.34) μm, Q = 1.20–1.90 (Q avg = 1.55 ± 0.13) [186 / 9 / 3], hyaline, ellipsoid to broadly fusiform, subovoid in profile and face view, slightly angled in polar view, with 7–9 inconspicuous or obscure longitudinal ridges in total. Basidia 16–23 × 6–9.5 μm, clavate, hyaline, 4 - spored, rarely 2 - spored; sterigmata 2–3 μm. Lamellar trama subregular, composed of thin-walled, hyaline, cylindrical hyphae with a diameter of 2.5–9 μm. Lamellae edges fertile. Pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis composed of sparsely arranged, thin-walled, hyaline, smooth, interwoven, cylindrical hyphae with a diameter of 3–5 μm, sometimes featuring erect hyphae; crystals present around the hyphae, square to subsquare, measuring 3 × 3 μm to 14 × 15 μm in area; pileal trama subregular, composed of hyaline, filamentous, thin-walled hyphae, with a diameter of 3–7.5 μm. Clamp connections absent.</p><p>Ecology and distribution.</p><p>Solitary, scattered on soil, lignicolous or gregariously living on leaves of plants ( Dryopteris sp. and  Oplismenus undulatifolius) in the mixed broadleaf forest, distributed in Jiangsu Province, China, in August.</p><p>Additional specimens examined.</p><p>China • Jiangsu Province, Nanjing City,  Zijinshan, alt. 48 m, dispersedly or gregariously lignicolous or living on twigs or leaves of  Oplismenus undulatifolius, in the mixed broadleaf (i. e.  Quercus variabilis,  Quercus aliena,  Cunninghamia lanceolata,  Symplocos tanakana,  Celtis sinensis and  Ilex cornuta) forest, 16 August 2023, collected by X. Chen and Z. H. Zhang, CX 628 (KUN-HKAS 145335) ;   same places, alt. 48 m, dispersedly or gregariously living on leaves of  Dryopteris sp., 16 August 2024, collected by X. Chen and Z. H. Zhang, CX 967 (KUN-HKAS 145337)  .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Clitopilus parasiticus belongs to  Clitopilus sect. Scyphoides (Fig. 1). This new taxon is similar to  C. hobsonii,  C. daamsii,  C. passeckerianus,  C. pinsitus and  C. baronii .  Clitopilus hobsonii was originally described from Britain and exhibits both saprophytic and parasitic abilities. It resembles  C. parasiticus in its living habits and the shape of its basidiomata, but differs from the latter by its involute or inflexed margins of the pileus and larger basidiospores (L m × W m = 7.5 × 5 μm) (Orton 1960; Noordeloos 1984; Noordeloos 1988). Meanwhile,  C. daamsii was also similar to  C. parasiticus in outline; however, it differs due to its xylogenous or mycoparasitic behaviour, involute margin of pileus and larger basidiospores (8–11.5 × 4.8–6.6 μm) (Noordeloos 1984). Another closely-related species is  C. passeckerianus, which has sessile basidiomata and a white pileus. However, the habit of growing on mushroom-beds, basidiomata size (8–40 mm), the reniform to spathulate shape of the pileus and larger basidiospores (7–9 × 4–5 μm) of  C. passeckerianus significantly differs from  C. parasiticus (Pilát 1935; Noordeloos 1993).  Clitopilus pinsitus was first collected from Sweden and was found growing on the trunk of  Quercus . This species is characterised by its spatulate, white pileus (15–40 mm) and ellipsoidal to amygdaliform basidiospores (7.5–9 × 4.6–5.3 μm) with 7–8 obscure longitudinal ridges (Josserand 1937; Singer 1946 a). Lastly,  C. baronii, recently described by Consiglio and Setti (2019) in Marmirolo, Italy, resembles  C. parasiticus, but can be differentiated by its larger pileus (5–40 mm) and basidiospores (L m × W m = 7.6 × 5.0 μm), as well as its lageniform cheilocystidia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB00306667D05C2AB052B024B0DE1F9C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Jian, Sipeng;Chen, Xia;Yang, Tianwei;Xu, Xinjing;Gao, Feng;Fang, Yiwei;Liu, Jing;Zhang, Chunxia	Jian, Sipeng, Chen, Xia, Yang, Tianwei, Xu, Xinjing, Gao, Feng, Fang, Yiwei, Liu, Jing, Zhang, Chunxia (2025): Biotrophic and saprophytic fungi from the Rhodocybe - Clitopilus clade (Entolomataceae): two new species and one now record in subtropical China. MycoKeys 116: 227-254, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.116.148775
329B8FFAE8595A05B6CEE7AF5E715E5B.text	329B8FFAE8595A05B6CEE7AF5E715E5B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhodocybe zijinshanensis S. P. Jian & X. Chen 2025	<div><p>Rhodocybe zijinshanensis S. P. Jian &amp; X. Chen sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2, 3 i – k, 4 g – h, 7 a – c</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>China • Jiangsu Province, Nanjing City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.87&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.06" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.87/lat 32.06)">Zijinshan</a>, E 118.87, N 32.06, alt. 99 m, solitary on rotten wood, in mixed broadleaf (i. e.  Quercus acutissima,  Quercus aliena,  Aphananthe aspera,  Osmanthus fragrans,  Liquidambar formosana,  Photinia serratifolia and  Ilex chinensis) forest, 30 August 2024, collected by X. Chen, CX 664 (KUN-HKAS 145338). GenBank: ITS = PQ 793171; LSU = PQ 781615; RPB 2 = PQ PQ 788400; TEF 1 = PQ 788406  .</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>“ zijinshanensis ” indicates the source place, where it was located in Nanjing City, China.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Rhodocybe zijinshanensis is similar to  R. subasyae, but differs by its smaller yellow pileus, shorter and more slender stipes and the absence of cheilocystidia.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Basidiomata omphalioid, small size. Pileus 10–15 mm wide, applanate to plano-concave; surface yellow (# eac 7 a 2) over edge and brownish-yellow (# 6 c 3620) over disc, distributing some radiate fibrillose, sometimes hygrophanous; margin slightly inflexed, even or undate; context about 1 mm thick. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, yellowish (# cdbead) to greyish-pink (# d 1 b 4 a 2), dense or crowded, edges entire or undate, sometimes with transverse intervenose, concolorous with lamellae, lamellulae numerous. Stipe 7–19 × 1–2 mm, central to eccentric, cylindrical to tapering downwards, usually concolorous with pileus, densely fine scales dispersed around the top. Odour none.</p><p>Basidiospores (4.5) 5–6.5 × 3.5–5 μm, L m × W m = 5.5 (± 0.54) × 4.3 (± 0.31) μm, Q = 1.09–1.55 (Q avg = 1.28 ± 0.11) [41 / 2 / 2], hyaline, subglobose, subamygdaliform to broadly ellipsoid in profile view, ellipsoid in face view and minutely, but obviously angular in polar view (7–9 facets in total), undulate-pustulate in all views. Basidia 18.5–32 × 5.5–7.5 μm, clavate, hyaline, 2 - or 4 - spored; sterigmata up to 5 μm long. Lamellar trama regular, composed of 2.5–10.5 μm in diam., thin-walled, hyaline hyphae. Lamellae edges fertile. Pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis composed of radially arranged, subregular hyphae, hyphae thin-walled, yellowish, smooth, cylindrical, 3.5–11.5 μm in diam., sometimes with oleiferous hyphae; pileal trama regular, composed of hyaline, thin-walled, cylindrical hyphae with a diameter of 2–11 μm. Stipitipellis a cutis composed of compactly arranged, regular, thin-walled and hyaline hyphae with a diameter of 3.5–9.5 μm; Stipe trama regular, composed of thin-walled and hyaline hyphae with a diameter of 4–10.5 μm. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections absent.</p><p>Ecology and distribution.</p><p>Solitary on rotten wood in broad-leaved forest, only found in Jiangsu Province, China, August to October.</p><p>Additional specimens examined.</p><p>China • Jiangsu Province, Nanjing City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.87&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.06" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.87/lat 32.06)">Zijinshan</a>, E 118.87, N 32.06, alt. 99 m, solitary on rotten wood, in mixed broadleaf (i. e.  Quercus acutissima,  Quercus aliena,  Aphananthe aspera,  Osmanthus fragrans,  Liquidambar formosana,  Photinia serratifolia and  Ilex chinensis) forest, 30 August 2024, collected by X. Chen, CX 665 (KUN-HKAS 145339)  .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Rhodocybe zijinshanensis belongs to R. sect. Rufobrunnea (Fig. 2). Species in this section are characterised by centrally stipitate basidiomata, pilei ranged from pinkish, reddish, brown, tan to fulvous (but never greyish or white), lamellae that are adnexed to adnate or decurrent, the absence of hymenial pseudocystidia and clamp connections (Baroni 1981).  Rhodocybe zijinshanensis is similar to several other species, including  R. asyae Seslı &amp; Vizzini,  R. subasyae T. Bau &amp; Y. L. Sun,  R. pseudoalutacea T. J. Baroni et al. and  R. alutacea Singer. Rhodocybe asyae, first recorded in Turkey, can be differentiated from  R. zijinshanensis by its relatively larger, smooth pileus (10–30 mm), longer and thicker stipe (25–30 × 2–5 mm) and flexuous cheilocystidia (20–30 × 4–6 μm) (Seslİ and Vizzini 2017).  Rhodocybe subasyae, a recently described species from Jilin, China, is also similar to  R. zijinshanensis, but differs in having a smooth pileus, a longer and thicker stipe (22–37 × 5–7 mm), slightly larger basidiospores (Q avg = 1.4), and cheilocystidia measuring 22.4–28.2 × 3.9–6.8 μm (Sun and Bau 2023). For  R. pseudoalutacea, it was reported from the Dominican Republic, featured by its slightly larger pileus (10–35 mm), slender yet thick stipe (15–50 × 2–6 mm) and pileipellis composed of finely encrusted cylindrical hyphae (Baroni et al. 2020). The last species which resembled  R. zijinshanensis was  R. alutacea, found in Florida, USA. It is characterised by the greater pileus size (25–35 mm), a longer stipe (23–35 × 2.5–5.5 mm), and septate, flexuous cheilocystidia (20–35 × 6.5–7 μm) (Singer 1946 b; Baroni 1981).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/329B8FFAE8595A05B6CEE7AF5E715E5B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Jian, Sipeng;Chen, Xia;Yang, Tianwei;Xu, Xinjing;Gao, Feng;Fang, Yiwei;Liu, Jing;Zhang, Chunxia	Jian, Sipeng, Chen, Xia, Yang, Tianwei, Xu, Xinjing, Gao, Feng, Fang, Yiwei, Liu, Jing, Zhang, Chunxia (2025): Biotrophic and saprophytic fungi from the Rhodocybe - Clitopilus clade (Entolomataceae): two new species and one now record in subtropical China. MycoKeys 116: 227-254, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.116.148775
