identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
13600019FFFCFFA1FF3DFF38FADFFECA.text	13600019FFFCFFA1FF3DFF38FADFFECA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chonodesmus Cook 1896	<div><p>Genus Chonodesmus Cook, 1896</p><p>Chonodesmus: Cook, 1896: 23, 1911: 468; Jeekel, 1971: 317.</p><p>Type species: Polydesmus (Cryptodesmus) alatus Peters, 1865, by subsequent designation of Cook (1896).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13600019FFFCFFA1FF3DFF38FADFFECA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Reyes-Peñata, Liseth Alejandra;Romero-Rincon, Juan;Martínez-Torres, Daniela;García-Sarmiento, Martha J.	Reyes-Peñata, Liseth Alejandra, Romero-Rincon, Juan, Martínez-Torres, Daniela, García-Sarmiento, Martha J. (2025): Two new species of the flat-backed millipede genus Chonodesmus Cook, 1896 (Polydesmida, Cryptodesmidae, Cryptodesmini) from Colombia with a redescription of the type species. Zootaxa 5659 (2): 223-239, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.2.5
13600019FFFCFFA6FF3DFE2CFCCFFCAB.text	13600019FFFCFFA6FF3DFE2CFCCFFCAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chonodesmus alatus (Peters 1865)	<div><p>Chonodesmus alatus (Peters, 1865)</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 10</p><p>Polydesmus (Cryptodesmus) alatus Peters, 1865: 621 (original description, based on three specimens).</p><p>Cryptodesmus alatus: Attems, 1899: 266; Carl, 1914: 958, figs 246–247; Attems, 1940: 212, fig. 297.</p><p>Chonodesmus alatus: Cook, 1896: 23; Cook, 1911: 468, figs 7–10 (with the first line drawings of some morphological structures); Carl, 1914 (with the first illustration of the gonopods of C. alatus); Moritz &amp; Fischer, 1978: 132 (information on type material of three specimens, mistakenly referred to as one male and two females syntypes of Polydesmus (Cryptodesmus) alatus (ZMB 305)); Moritz &amp; Fischer, 1978: 136 (erroneous information referring to a female from the type series of Polydesmus (Cryptodesmus) alatus as holotype of Stictodesmus creper (ZMB 13169)); Moritz &amp; Fischer, 1978: 147 (erroneous information referring to another female from type series of Polydesmus (Cryptodesmus) alatus as type of Chonodesmus regularis).</p><p>Diagnosis. Based on gonopodal characteristics, this species appears to be particularly similar to C. muisca sp. nov., but it differs from congeners by the presence of two branches on the posterior lamellar process: first branch elongate and falcate, directed laterally, vs the second branch about half the length of the first.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Lectotype (designated herein). COLOMBIA ● ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.08174&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.609791" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.08174/lat 4.609791)">Bogotá, D.C.</a>; (4.609791, -74.081744); 2582 m a.s.l.; dry and pinned; Linding leg.; (ZMB-305).</p><p>Additional material examined. ● ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.38999&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.654936" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.38999/lat 4.654936)">Tena</a>, Cundinamarca (Tambo); (4.654936, -74.389989); 1343 m a.s.l; dry and pinned; Fuhrmann leg.; (MHNG-ARTO-28917) .</p><p>Redescription</p><p>Measurements. Head + 20 rings (including telson), male 11.4 mm long and 3.3 mm wide.</p><p>Color. The original description stated that the whole animal was violet-red. Based on the preserved condition of the lectotype, head with epicranium, frons, and labrum grayish yellow 90. Collum dark orange yellow 72. Prozonites deep yellowish brown 75 on anterior rings, turning dark grayish red 20 towards posterior end; metatergites light olive brown 94 anteriorly, turning deep red 13 posteriorly. Paranota with central area dark orange yellow 72, becoming slightly lighter distally. Sternites moderate orange yellow 71, legs pale greenish yellow 104. Antennae: antennomeres 1–6 dark grayish red 20, 7–8 yellowish gray 92.</p><p>Head. Head convex, strongly inclined downward and dorsally covered by the collum, slightly setose. Clypeolabral region with very short setae. Epicranial suture indistinguishable. Antennae short, reaching posterior part of second body ring when extended backward, stout and claviform. Collum about twice as long as the head, with an arched anterior outline typical of the group (Fig. 1D), although with the posterior margin straight, differing from that of congeners; posterior edge is about as long as the first prozonite. Its surface covered by a series of tubercles arranged in six transverse lines, anterior zone with a row of lobes varying between 20 and 21. Relative length of antennomeres: 6&gt;5&gt;2&gt;4&gt;3&gt;1&gt;7.</p><p>Trunk. Prozonites short, slender and glabrous, widening slightly towards caudal region. Metazonites broad, metatergites densely setose and tuberculate, with three rows of tubercles extending transversely to the bases of paranota; each tubercle with a long slender seta; setae being equal in length. Paranota broad with lobed distal and basal margins, anterior margin straight and terminating in a dentiform setigerous projection, lateral margin with 3 or 4 subtriangular setose divisions (Fig. 1F). Posterior margin with 6 or 7 distinct marginal areas. Ozopores opening flush on surface between 2nd and 3rd area; ozopore formula normal. On posterior rings, paranota showing caudal projections, these being more pronounced closer to telson. Axial line absent. Sternites slightly wider between posterior pair of legs compared to anterior pairs. Coxae 7 notably wider apart than others and excavate. Legs long and slender. Epiproct subtrapezoidal, with a short basal area.</p><p>Gonopods. Based on illustration by Carl (1914: figs 246–247) (Figs 1H, 2C–F) aperture subovoid, with posterior margin slender and slightly elevated. Cx prominent and without setae, ventral surface of Cx with median commissure connecting both Cx; ca tubular and of normal structure. Pfe densely setose as usual, similar to that observed in other congeners. Telopodite robust and highly complex with apical processes typical of the genus. Posterior lamellar process with two branches arranged from left to right in ventral view for left gonopod: (1) falcate, oriented laterad, and (2) acuminate ca 1/2 the length of the first. Anterior lamellar process with a laterally curved branch, increasingly tapering towards apex. S short and slender with two teeth in medial region, hm with a serrate margin, extending over medio-anterior region of telopodite. Lateral surface of telopodite with a densely pilose pad. Seminal groove in basal part of telopodite difficult to observe because of its location behind medial commissure in Cx ventral part.</p><p>Distribution. Known from Bogotá, D.C. and Tena, Cundinamarca Department, Colombia, 1343–2582 m a.s.l. (Fig. 10).</p><p>Remarks. The species C. alatus was described based on three individuals without information concerning their sex. Cook (1896) separated one of those specimens as the holotype of C. regularis (currently Cryptodesmidae) and another one as holotype of Stictodesmus creper Cook, 1896 (currently Pyrgodesmidae), without information on the sex of those specimens either. Carl (1914), provided the first illustration of the gonopods of C. alatus . Moritz &amp; Fischer (1978) mistakenly referred to one male and two females as the syntypes of C. alatus, but actually a juvenile male had been designated as the holotype of C. regularis and the female as the type of S. creper . The type series, revised here, contains in fact the male lectotype of C. alatus, a juvenile male with gonopodal primordia that is the type of C. regularis, and the other female the type of S. creper .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13600019FFFCFFA6FF3DFE2CFCCFFCAB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Reyes-Peñata, Liseth Alejandra;Romero-Rincon, Juan;Martínez-Torres, Daniela;García-Sarmiento, Martha J.	Reyes-Peñata, Liseth Alejandra, Romero-Rincon, Juan, Martínez-Torres, Daniela, García-Sarmiento, Martha J. (2025): Two new species of the flat-backed millipede genus Chonodesmus Cook, 1896 (Polydesmida, Cryptodesmidae, Cryptodesmini) from Colombia with a redescription of the type species. Zootaxa 5659 (2): 223-239, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.2.5
13600019FFFBFFA6FF3DFC01FE86F920.text	13600019FFFBFFA6FF3DFC01FE86F920.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chonodesmus regularis Cook 1896	<div><p>Chonodesmus regularis Cook, 1896 nomen dubium</p><p>Fig. 3</p><p>Chonodesmus regularis Cook, 1896: 23 .</p><p>Cryptodesmus regularis: Attems, 1899: 266.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Type. COLOMBIA ● juvenile ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.08175&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.609722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.08175/lat 4.609722)">Bogotá, D.C.</a>; (4.609722, -74.081750); 2582 m a.s.l.; dry and pinned, Linding leg. (ZMB-305) .</p><p>Remarks. The species C. regularis was described from an individual of the type series of C. alatus from Bogotá, D.C. This species was included together with C. alatus to form the genus Chonodesmus . However, it was described poorly because it was based on morphological characters not too important for the delimitation of species in Cryptodesmidae . The type material used for the description is incomplete; being a juvenile male with the first 12 body rings, dry and pinned (Fig. 3).</p><p>When comparing C. alatus and C. regularis, it seems possible to suggest that the latter name is a juvenile of C. alatus, not only because both were selected from the type series of C. alatus, but also due to its similar morphological characteristics such as the shape of the paranota and collum, the location of the ozopores, the distribution of dorsal tubercles and the presence of a distal spine of the seventh pair of legs. However, since the holotype of C. regularis is a juvenile, it is impossible to confirm its gonopodal structure and therefore to make the correct determination. Collecting further, fresh, topotypic material from Bogotá D.C. may finally allow for the identity of C. regularis to be clarified.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13600019FFFBFFA6FF3DFC01FE86F920	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Reyes-Peñata, Liseth Alejandra;Romero-Rincon, Juan;Martínez-Torres, Daniela;García-Sarmiento, Martha J.	Reyes-Peñata, Liseth Alejandra, Romero-Rincon, Juan, Martínez-Torres, Daniela, García-Sarmiento, Martha J. (2025): Two new species of the flat-backed millipede genus Chonodesmus Cook, 1896 (Polydesmida, Cryptodesmidae, Cryptodesmini) from Colombia with a redescription of the type species. Zootaxa 5659 (2): 223-239, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.2.5
13600019FFFBFFA5FF3DF888FA0EFEEB.text	13600019FFFBFFA5FF3DF888FA0EFEEB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chonodesmus gervaisi Hoffman 1973	<div><p>Chonodesmus gervaisi Hoffman, 1973</p><p>Chonodesmus gervaisi Hoffman, 1973: 180 .</p><p>Diagnosis. Based on the characteristics of the gonopod, this species differs from congeners by the structure of the apical processes on the telopodite. Posterior lamellar process shows three branches: one tooth-shaped and two hook-shaped, one of which is bifurcated. The anterior lamellar process is with a prominent and robust branch, while a slightly longer spinose process projects next to the solenomere. Unlike C. gervaisi, the species C. alatus, C. muisca sp. nov. and C. simplex sp. nov. lack a branch adjacent to the solenomere.</p><p>Distribution. Only known from Parque Arqueológico of San Agustín, Huila Department, Colombia (Fig. 10).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13600019FFFBFFA5FF3DF888FA0EFEEB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Reyes-Peñata, Liseth Alejandra;Romero-Rincon, Juan;Martínez-Torres, Daniela;García-Sarmiento, Martha J.	Reyes-Peñata, Liseth Alejandra, Romero-Rincon, Juan, Martínez-Torres, Daniela, García-Sarmiento, Martha J. (2025): Two new species of the flat-backed millipede genus Chonodesmus Cook, 1896 (Polydesmida, Cryptodesmidae, Cryptodesmini) from Colombia with a redescription of the type species. Zootaxa 5659 (2): 223-239, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.2.5
13600019FFF9FFA9FF3DFF38FC09FABA.text	13600019FFF9FFA9FF3DFF38FC09FABA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chonodesmus muisca Reyes-Peñata & Romero-Rincon & Martínez-Torres & García-Sarmiento 2025	<div><p>Chonodesmus muisca new species</p><p>Figs 4–6, 10.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 84CFFB85-2025-4B73-ADD0-5258AFB3E63E</p><p>Diagnosis. Based on the characteristics of the gonopod, the new species appears to be particularly similar to C. alatus by the presence of reduced tooth-shaped apical processes and a single elongated and slightly curved branch on the anterior lamellar process. It differs from congeners in showing three apical branches of the apical process: two reduced and a central hook-shaped one.</p><p>Etymology. Muisca, a noun in apposition. In honour of the Muisca people, an indigenous ethnic group that inhabited the Cundiboyacense region where the species was found.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype. COLOMBIA ● ♂; Cundinamarca, San Antonio del Tequendama, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.31434&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.614554" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.31434/lat 4.614554)">Parque Natural Chicaque</a>; secondary forest (4.614554, -74.314338); 2140–2177 m a.s.l.; inside bark of fallen log; daytime hand collection; 25 Jun. 2022. J. Romero-Rincon &amp; R. De La Cruz leg.; MHN-UPN-MD-436.</p><p>Paratypes. ● 1 ♂; same locality data as for holotype; on soil; daytime hand collection; 28 Apr. 2022. J. Romero-Rincon leg.; MHN-UPN-MD-131 . ● 1 ♂; same data as for holotype; MHN-UPN-MD-135 . ● 1 ♂; same data as for holotype; MHN-UPN-MD-434 . ● 1 ♂, 1♀, 1 immature; same data as for holotype; MHN-UPN-MD-435 . ● 1 ♂, 1♀; Cundinamarca, San Antonio del Tequendama, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.313805&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.617432" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.313805/lat 4.617432)">Parque Natural Chicaque</a>; oak forest (4.617432, -74.313801); 2232–2275 m a.s.l.; 08 Jan. 2022. J. Romero-Rincon leg.; MHN-UPN-MD-81 . ● 1♀; same locality data as for preceding; daytime hand collection; 26 Nov. 2021. J. Romero-Rincon leg.; MHNUC-MD-1012 . ● 1 ♂; same locality data as for preceding; under bark of fallen log; night time hand collection; 28 May. 2022. J. Romero-Rincon leg.; MHNUC-MD-1013 . ● 2 ♂♂, 1 immature; same locality data as for preceding; in leaf litter; winkler method; 03 Jun. 2022. J. Romero-Rincon &amp; R. De La Cruz leg; MHN-UPN-MD-134 . ● 1♀; same locality data as for preceding; under bark of fallen log; night time hand collection; 27 Aug. 2022. J. Romero-Rincon leg.; MHN-UPN-MD-137 . ● 2 ♂♂, 2♀♀; Cundinamarca, San Antonio del Tequendama, Parque Natural Chicaque; 2200 m a.s.l.; 23 Jan. 2015. Myriapodology course leg.; ICN-MD-1256 . ● 2 ♂♂, 2♀♀; Cundinamarca, San Antonio del Tequendama, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.30719&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.616848" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.30719/lat 4.616848)">Parque Natural Chicaque</a>; oak forest (4.616848, -74.307188); 15-17 Oct. 2016. Spider biology students.; ICN-MD-1757 . ● 2 ♂♂, 2♀♀; Cundinamarca, Tena, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.38929&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.689573" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.38929/lat 4.689573)">Reserva Natural de la Sociedad Civil Tenasucá</a> (4.689573, -74.389288); 2043 m a.s.l.; 7-19 May. 2019. S. Galvis, S. Alvear, J. Homez, D. Martínez-Torres &amp; O. Villarreal leg.; ICN-MD-2071 . ● 2 ♂♂; Cundinamarca, Bogotá - Choachí, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.97558&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.555269" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.97558/lat 4.555269)">Parque Ecológico Matarredonda</a> (4.555269, -73.975575); 3350 m a.s.l.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.97558&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.555269" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.97558/lat 4.555269)">trail “Cascada de la Abuela”</a>; daytime hand collection; 15 Oct. 2022. D. Martínez-Torres, K. Marimón, P. Martins &amp; J. Alonso leg.; ICN-MD-2519 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Measurements. Head + 20 rings (including telson), male 12.5 mm long and 3.5 mm wide; female 13.5 mm long and 3.5 mm wide.</p><p>Color. Head with epicranium light yellowish pink 28 and spots moderate brown 58; from fronts to labrum pale orange yellow 73. Collum light orange 52. Prozonites and metatergites dark reddish brown 44, paranota with central area light grayish reddish brown 45 with transparent anterior edges. Sternites moderate yellowish pink 29, legs pale yellowish pink 31. Antennae: antennomeres 1–4 light yellowish pink 28, 5–6 moderate brown 58 and 7–8 moderate reddish brown 43.</p><p>Head. Head convex, strongly inclined downward and typically covered by collum, slightly setose; setae ca ½ the length of dorsal setae (Figs 4, 5B). Clypeolabral region with very short setae. Epicranial suture faint. Antennae short, reaching posterior part of second body ring when extended backward, stout and claviform; antennomeres V, VI with a compact group of sensilla (Fig. 4B). Collum about twice as long as head, anterior and posterior edges as in the congeners; the last about as long as the first prozonite. Its surface covered with a series of tubercles arranged in six transverse lines, anterior zone with a row of lobes varying between 20 and 21, each accompanied by a slender medium-sized seta. Relative length of antennomeres: 5&gt;6&gt;4&gt;2&gt;3&gt;7&gt;1 (Fig. 4A).</p><p>Trunk. Prozonites short, slender and glabrous, widening slightly towards caudal region. Metazonites broad, metatergites densely hairy and tuberculate, with three rows of tubercles extending transversely to bases of paranota, each tubercle with a long slender seta; setae being equal in length. Paranota broad with lobed distal and basal margins, anterior margin straight and terminating in a setiform tooth-shaped projection, lateral margin with 3 or 4 subtriangular setigerous divisions with a macroseta located at the posterolateral angle and another of similar length at the inner base (Fig. 4D). Posterior margin with 7 distinct marginal areas. Ozopores opening flush on surface between the 2nd and 3rd area; ozopore formula normal. On posterior rings, paranota showing caudal projection, these being more pronounced closer to telson. Axial line absent. Sternites slightly wider between posterior pair of legs compared to anterior pairs. Coxae 6 with a pair of small and setose protuberances. Coxae 7 noticeably wider apart than others and excavate. Legs long and slender. Prefemora 7 in males with a conspicuous spine (Fig. 4E), a serrate and acuminate leaf blade. Epiproct subtrapezoidal with a short basal area. Medial area with lobed and slightly convex margins, distal area with slightly curved and irregular margins.</p><p>Gonopods. Gonopod (Fig. 6) aperture subovoid, with anterior margin almost straight and excavated, posterior margin slender and slightly elevated. Cx prominent and without setae, ventral surface of Cx with median commissure connecting both Cx; ca tubular and of normal structure. Pfe densely setose as usual, similar to that observed in other congeners, setae of greater length adjacent to telopodite. Telopodite robust and highly complex, with apical processes typical of the genus. Posterior lamellar process with three branches arranged from left to right in mesal view: (1) small, sharp and inconspicuous spine-shaped; (2) falcate, oriented basally and (3) tooth-like ca 2/3 length of the second. Anterior lamellar process with a laterally curved and sclerotized branch, increasingly tapered towards apex. S short and thin with a small fungiform process associated to hm with serrated margin and with a medium-sized lobe in the basal area. Lateral surface of telopodite with a densely pilose pad. Seminal groove in basal part of telopodite difficult to observe because of its location behind medial commissure in Gx ventral part.</p><p>Female. Non-sexual characters as in males, except for Sternite 7 without modification, prefemora 7 of legs without spine.</p><p>Distribution. Known from Parque Natural Chicaque (San Antonio del Tequendama), Reserva Natural de la Sociedad Civil Tenasucá (Tena) and, Parque Ecológico Matarredonda (between Bogotá D.C. and Choachí), Cundinamarca Department, Colombia, 2043-3350 m a.s.l. (Fig. 10).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13600019FFF9FFA9FF3DFF38FC09FABA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Reyes-Peñata, Liseth Alejandra;Romero-Rincon, Juan;Martínez-Torres, Daniela;García-Sarmiento, Martha J.	Reyes-Peñata, Liseth Alejandra, Romero-Rincon, Juan, Martínez-Torres, Daniela, García-Sarmiento, Martha J. (2025): Two new species of the flat-backed millipede genus Chonodesmus Cook, 1896 (Polydesmida, Cryptodesmidae, Cryptodesmini) from Colombia with a redescription of the type species. Zootaxa 5659 (2): 223-239, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.2.5
13600019FFF4FFADFF3DFA3CFF61FE5B.text	13600019FFF4FFADFF3DFA3CFF61FE5B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chonodesmus simplex Reyes-Peñata & Romero-Rincon & Martínez-Torres & García-Sarmiento 2025	<div><p>Chonodesmus simplex new species</p><p>Figs 7–9</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C287B264-CC5F-4506-88ED-DF5A32EEF329</p><p>Diagnosis. The new species differs from congeners by reduced branches on the apical processes of telopodite, especially on the posterior apical process. Differs from C. alatus, C. chicaque sp. nov. and C. gervaisi, by a single short apical process on the posterior lamellar process. Solenomere with two tooth-like projections in medial region, absent in C. muisca sp. n.</p><p>Etymology. A Latin adjective referring to the particularly simple telopod of the gonopod.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype. COLOMBIA ● ♂; Risaralda, Parque Regional Natural Ucumarí, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.48539&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.711851" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.48539/lat 4.711851)">La Pastora</a> (4.711851, -75.485392); 2540 m a.s.l.; under bark of fallen log; daytime hand collection; 15 Jan. 2025. J. Romero-Rincon &amp; D. Millán-Sainea leg.; MHN-UPN-MD-437.</p><p>Paratypes. ● 1 ♀; same data as holotype; MHN-UPN-MD-438 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Measurements. Head + 20 rings (including telson), male 15.5 mm long and 3.5 mm wide; female 14.5 mm long and 3.0 mm wide.</p><p>Color. Head with epicranium dark reddish brown 44. Fronts and apical border of clypeus moderate reddish brown 43, central region of clypeus pale orange yellow 73, labrum transparent. Collum with central region dark reddish brown 44 with apical and distal area pale orange yellow 73. Prozonites and metatergites dark reddish brown 44, last 6 rings greenish black 157. Paranota with central area greyish reddish orange 39 with distal region pale orange yellow 73 and anterior edges transparent. Sternites moderate reddish brown 43, legs pinkish white 9. Antennae: antennomeres 1 pale orange yellow 73, 2–3 light greyish reddish brown 45,4–6 dark greyish reddish brown 47, 7–8 white, sensory cones darker than the others.</p><p>Head. Head convex, strongly inclined downward and typically covered by collum. Clypeolabral region with very short setae. Epicranial suture not distinguishable. Antennae short, reaching posterior part of second body ring when extended backward, stout and claviform; antennomeres V, VI with a compact group of sensilla (Fig. 8A). Collum about twice as long as head, but differs from its congeners by an arched anterior outline and a subrectal posterior outline. Posterior edge about as long as the first prozonite. Its surface covered with a series of faint but indistinguishable and sparse tubercles, each with a small seta visible only under UV light. Relative length of antennomeres: 5&gt;6&gt;4&gt;2&gt;3&gt;1≥7 (Fig. 8A).</p><p>Trunk. Prozonites short, slender and glabrous. Metazonites broad, metatergites densely hairy and tuberculate, with four rows of tubercles extending transversely to bases of paranota, each tubercle with a conspicuous, long and slender seta; setae being equal in length. Paranota broad with lobed distal and basal margins, anterior margin straight and terminating in a setiform tooth-shaped projection, lateral margin with 3 or 4 subtriangular setigerous divisions, each with a long macroseta located at the posterolateral corner and another of similar length at the inner base (Fig. 8D). Posterior margin with 6 or 7 distinct marginal areas. Ozopore opening flush on surface in distal part of second area; ozopore formula normal. On posterior rings, paranota showing caudal projection, these being more pronounced closer to telson. Axial line absent. Sternites of equal size lengthwise and widthwise. Between coxae 6 with a pair of small, elongated, and setose protuberances. Coxae 7 noticeably wider apart than others. Legs long and slender. Prefemora 7 in males with a small and rounded spine (Fig. 8E). Leaf blade with serrated and acuminate appearance. Epiproct subtrapezoidal, with a straight and slightly elongated basal area, without lobes. Medial area with lobed and convex margins, distal area straight. Setae dense, uniform, long and slender. Margin setae irregular in arrangement and length (Fig. 8F).</p><p>Gonopods. Gonopod (Fig. 9) aperture subovoid with medial part of anterior margin elongate distally and excavated, posterior margin slender and slightly elevated. Cx prominent and without setae, ventral surface of Cx with a median commissure connecting both Cx; ca tubular and normal structure. Pfe slightly reduced, and densely setose as usual, similar to that observed in other congeners. Telopodite robust, with simple apical process. Lamellar process fused, although with a faint differentiation between its anterior and posterior regions. A branch slightly curved to anterior region. S short and acuminate with presence of two teeth on medial region directed mesoventrally and with a group of setae in the inner basal region. hm adjacent to S with an irregular edge; base of hm densely setose. Lateral surface of telopodite with a densely pilose pad. Seminal groove in basal part of telopodite difficult to observe because of its location behind median commissure in Cx ventral part.</p><p>Female. Non-sexual characters as in males, except for lesser dark and uniform coloration, more robust body, lacks the modification of the sternite 7 and spine on prefemora 7.</p><p>Distribution. Only known from La Pastora, Parque Regional Natural Ucumarí, Pereira, Risaralda Department, Colombia, 2540 m a.s.l. (Fig. 10).</p><p>Remarks. The conformation of the gonopod suggests an anterior and posterior lamellar processes fused, as there is no obvious separation between them. A branch of the anterior lamellar process is absent and the posterior lamellar process has a distinguishable branch (vs. all congeners; presence of three or more processes of different lengths).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13600019FFF4FFADFF3DFA3CFF61FE5B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Reyes-Peñata, Liseth Alejandra;Romero-Rincon, Juan;Martínez-Torres, Daniela;García-Sarmiento, Martha J.	Reyes-Peñata, Liseth Alejandra, Romero-Rincon, Juan, Martínez-Torres, Daniela, García-Sarmiento, Martha J. (2025): Two new species of the flat-backed millipede genus Chonodesmus Cook, 1896 (Polydesmida, Cryptodesmidae, Cryptodesmini) from Colombia with a redescription of the type species. Zootaxa 5659 (2): 223-239, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.2.5
