taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
C93C1B08116C52A793C6CCEBD227D53D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264607	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure2	Figure 2. Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014, male A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view, arrow shows the row of setae. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 2. Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014, male A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view, arrow shows the row of setae. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
C93C1B08116C52A793C6CCEBD227D53D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264608	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure3	Figure 3. Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014, male left palp A – C (light) and D – K (SEM) A, D prolateral view B, E dorsal view C, F retrolateral view G bulb, prolateral view H bulb, retrolateral view I, J, K distal part of bulb, prolateral, dorsal and retrolateral views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – G); 0.05 mm (I – K).	Figure 3. Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014, male left palp A – C (light) and D – K (SEM) A, D prolateral view B, E dorsal view C, F retrolateral view G bulb, prolateral view H bulb, retrolateral view I, J, K distal part of bulb, prolateral, dorsal and retrolateral views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – G); 0.05 mm (I – K).	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
C93C1B08116C52A793C6CCEBD227D53D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264609	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure4	Figure 4. Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014, female A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 4. Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014, female A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
C93C1B08116C52A793C6CCEBD227D53D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264610	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure5	Figure 5. Trilacuna mainling sp. nov., male holotype (A – H), Trilacuna metok sp. nov. (I), Trilacuna bangla (J), Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. (K) A, C, E, G prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views B, D, F abdomen, dorsal, ventral and lateral views, arrow shows the small wedge-shaped process H – K endites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 5. Trilacuna mainling sp. nov., male holotype (A – H), Trilacuna metok sp. nov. (I), Trilacuna bangla (J), Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. (K) A, C, E, G prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views B, D, F abdomen, dorsal, ventral and lateral views, arrow shows the small wedge-shaped process H – K endites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
C93C1B08116C52A793C6CCEBD227D53D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264619	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure14	Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., endogyne A, B Trilacuna mainling sp. nov. C, D Trilacuna metok sp. nov. E, F Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014 G, H Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. A, C, E, G ventral view B, D, F, H dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sar = sclerotized, recurved arches; tba = transverse bars; tms = transverse membranous structure; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.	Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., endogyne A, B Trilacuna mainling sp. nov. C, D Trilacuna metok sp. nov. E, F Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014 G, H Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. A, C, E, G ventral view B, D, F, H dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sar = sclerotized, recurved arches; tba = transverse bars; tms = transverse membranous structure; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
C93C1B08116C52A793C6CCEBD227D53D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264606	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure1	Figure 1. Distribution records of Trilacuna species from the Himalaya region: green circles represent 22 known species, red circles indicate the three new species. 1. T. hazara; 2. T. bangla; 3. T. aenobarba; 4. T. besucheti; 5. T. loebli; 6. T. mahanadi; 7. T. meghalaya; 8. T. changzi; 9. T. hponkanrazi; 10. T. triseta; 11. T. zhigangi; 12. T. bawan; 13. T. cangshan; 14. T. cuneata; 15. T. datang; 16. T. fugong; 17. T. gongshan; 18. T. longling; 19. T. rastrum; 20. T. wuhe; 21. T. wumanshan; 22. T. xiaoheishan; 23. T. mainling sp. nov.; 24. T. metok sp. nov.; 25. T. zayu sp. nov.	Figure 1. Distribution records of Trilacuna species from the Himalaya region: green circles represent 22 known species, red circles indicate the three new species. 1. T. hazara; 2. T. bangla; 3. T. aenobarba; 4. T. besucheti; 5. T. loebli; 6. T. mahanadi; 7. T. meghalaya; 8. T. changzi; 9. T. hponkanrazi; 10. T. triseta; 11. T. zhigangi; 12. T. bawan; 13. T. cangshan; 14. T. cuneata; 15. T. datang; 16. T. fugong; 17. T. gongshan; 18. T. longling; 19. T. rastrum; 20. T. wuhe; 21. T. wumanshan; 22. T. xiaoheishan; 23. T. mainling sp. nov.; 24. T. metok sp. nov.; 25. T. zayu sp. nov.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
10C194EB85235728AB8A6300B114E3E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264610	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure5	Figure 5. Trilacuna mainling sp. nov., male holotype (A – H), Trilacuna metok sp. nov. (I), Trilacuna bangla (J), Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. (K) A, C, E, G prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views B, D, F abdomen, dorsal, ventral and lateral views, arrow shows the small wedge-shaped process H – K endites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 5. Trilacuna mainling sp. nov., male holotype (A – H), Trilacuna metok sp. nov. (I), Trilacuna bangla (J), Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. (K) A, C, E, G prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views B, D, F abdomen, dorsal, ventral and lateral views, arrow shows the small wedge-shaped process H – K endites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
10C194EB85235728AB8A6300B114E3E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264611	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure6	Figure 6. Trilacuna mainling sp. nov., male left palp A – F (light) and G – N (SEM) A, G prolateral view B, H dorsal view C, I retrolateral view D, M distal part of bulb, prolateral view, arrow shows the serrated structure E, K distal part of bulb, dorsal view F, N distal part of bulb, retrolateral view J, L bulb, prolateral and retrolateral views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – C, G – J, L); 0.05 mm (D – F, K, M, N).	Figure 6. Trilacuna mainling sp. nov., male left palp A – F (light) and G – N (SEM) A, G prolateral view B, H dorsal view C, I retrolateral view D, M distal part of bulb, prolateral view, arrow shows the serrated structure E, K distal part of bulb, dorsal view F, N distal part of bulb, retrolateral view J, L bulb, prolateral and retrolateral views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – C, G – J, L); 0.05 mm (D – F, K, M, N).	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
10C194EB85235728AB8A6300B114E3E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264612	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure7	Figure 7. Trilacuna mainling sp. nov., female paratype A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 7. Trilacuna mainling sp. nov., female paratype A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
10C194EB85235728AB8A6300B114E3E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264619	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure14	Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., endogyne A, B Trilacuna mainling sp. nov. C, D Trilacuna metok sp. nov. E, F Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014 G, H Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. A, C, E, G ventral view B, D, F, H dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sar = sclerotized, recurved arches; tba = transverse bars; tms = transverse membranous structure; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.	Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., endogyne A, B Trilacuna mainling sp. nov. C, D Trilacuna metok sp. nov. E, F Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014 G, H Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. A, C, E, G ventral view B, D, F, H dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sar = sclerotized, recurved arches; tba = transverse bars; tms = transverse membranous structure; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
10C194EB85235728AB8A6300B114E3E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264607	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure2	Figure 2. Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014, male A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view, arrow shows the row of setae. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 2. Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014, male A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view, arrow shows the row of setae. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
10C194EB85235728AB8A6300B114E3E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264608	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure3	Figure 3. Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014, male left palp A – C (light) and D – K (SEM) A, D prolateral view B, E dorsal view C, F retrolateral view G bulb, prolateral view H bulb, retrolateral view I, J, K distal part of bulb, prolateral, dorsal and retrolateral views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – G); 0.05 mm (I – K).	Figure 3. Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014, male left palp A – C (light) and D – K (SEM) A, D prolateral view B, E dorsal view C, F retrolateral view G bulb, prolateral view H bulb, retrolateral view I, J, K distal part of bulb, prolateral, dorsal and retrolateral views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – G); 0.05 mm (I – K).	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
10C194EB85235728AB8A6300B114E3E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264609	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure4	Figure 4. Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014, female A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 4. Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014, female A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
10C194EB85235728AB8A6300B114E3E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264606	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure1	Figure 1. Distribution records of Trilacuna species from the Himalaya region: green circles represent 22 known species, red circles indicate the three new species. 1. T. hazara; 2. T. bangla; 3. T. aenobarba; 4. T. besucheti; 5. T. loebli; 6. T. mahanadi; 7. T. meghalaya; 8. T. changzi; 9. T. hponkanrazi; 10. T. triseta; 11. T. zhigangi; 12. T. bawan; 13. T. cangshan; 14. T. cuneata; 15. T. datang; 16. T. fugong; 17. T. gongshan; 18. T. longling; 19. T. rastrum; 20. T. wuhe; 21. T. wumanshan; 22. T. xiaoheishan; 23. T. mainling sp. nov.; 24. T. metok sp. nov.; 25. T. zayu sp. nov.	Figure 1. Distribution records of Trilacuna species from the Himalaya region: green circles represent 22 known species, red circles indicate the three new species. 1. T. hazara; 2. T. bangla; 3. T. aenobarba; 4. T. besucheti; 5. T. loebli; 6. T. mahanadi; 7. T. meghalaya; 8. T. changzi; 9. T. hponkanrazi; 10. T. triseta; 11. T. zhigangi; 12. T. bawan; 13. T. cangshan; 14. T. cuneata; 15. T. datang; 16. T. fugong; 17. T. gongshan; 18. T. longling; 19. T. rastrum; 20. T. wuhe; 21. T. wumanshan; 22. T. xiaoheishan; 23. T. mainling sp. nov.; 24. T. metok sp. nov.; 25. T. zayu sp. nov.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
641F91A29E3F52D5A9F78E846222FE40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264610	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure5	Figure 5. Trilacuna mainling sp. nov., male holotype (A – H), Trilacuna metok sp. nov. (I), Trilacuna bangla (J), Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. (K) A, C, E, G prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views B, D, F abdomen, dorsal, ventral and lateral views, arrow shows the small wedge-shaped process H – K endites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 5. Trilacuna mainling sp. nov., male holotype (A – H), Trilacuna metok sp. nov. (I), Trilacuna bangla (J), Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. (K) A, C, E, G prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views B, D, F abdomen, dorsal, ventral and lateral views, arrow shows the small wedge-shaped process H – K endites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
641F91A29E3F52D5A9F78E846222FE40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264613	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure8	Figure 8. Trilacuna metok sp. nov., male holotype A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Abbreviation: cmp = clypeus median projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 8. Trilacuna metok sp. nov., male holotype A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Abbreviation: cmp = clypeus median projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
641F91A29E3F52D5A9F78E846222FE40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264614	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure9	Figure 9. Trilacuna metok sp. nov., male left palp A – F (light) and G – N (SEM) A, G prolatral view B, I retrolateral view C, H dorsal view D, L distal part of cymbiobulb, prolateral view E, M distal part of cymbiobulb, dorsal views F, N distal part of cymbiobulb, retrolateral view J, K cymbiobulb, prolateral and retrolateral views. Abbreviations: ab = anterior branch; bdb = broad dorsal branch; pb = posterior branch; sdb = slender dorsal branch. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – K); 0.05 mm (L – N).	Figure 9. Trilacuna metok sp. nov., male left palp A – F (light) and G – N (SEM) A, G prolatral view B, I retrolateral view C, H dorsal view D, L distal part of cymbiobulb, prolateral view E, M distal part of cymbiobulb, dorsal views F, N distal part of cymbiobulb, retrolateral view J, K cymbiobulb, prolateral and retrolateral views. Abbreviations: ab = anterior branch; bdb = broad dorsal branch; pb = posterior branch; sdb = slender dorsal branch. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – K); 0.05 mm (L – N).	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
641F91A29E3F52D5A9F78E846222FE40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264615	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure10	Figure 10. Trilacuna metok sp. nov., female paratype A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Abbreviations: cmp = clypeus median projection; psp = posterior spiracles. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 10. Trilacuna metok sp. nov., female paratype A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Abbreviations: cmp = clypeus median projection; psp = posterior spiracles. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
641F91A29E3F52D5A9F78E846222FE40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264619	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure14	Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., endogyne A, B Trilacuna mainling sp. nov. C, D Trilacuna metok sp. nov. E, F Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014 G, H Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. A, C, E, G ventral view B, D, F, H dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sar = sclerotized, recurved arches; tba = transverse bars; tms = transverse membranous structure; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.	Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., endogyne A, B Trilacuna mainling sp. nov. C, D Trilacuna metok sp. nov. E, F Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014 G, H Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. A, C, E, G ventral view B, D, F, H dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sar = sclerotized, recurved arches; tba = transverse bars; tms = transverse membranous structure; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
641F91A29E3F52D5A9F78E846222FE40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264609	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure4	Figure 4. Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014, female A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 4. Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014, female A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
641F91A29E3F52D5A9F78E846222FE40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264612	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure7	Figure 7. Trilacuna mainling sp. nov., female paratype A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 7. Trilacuna mainling sp. nov., female paratype A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
641F91A29E3F52D5A9F78E846222FE40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264618	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure13	Figure 13. Trilacuna zayu sp. nov., female paratype A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 13. Trilacuna zayu sp. nov., female paratype A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
641F91A29E3F52D5A9F78E846222FE40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264606	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure1	Figure 1. Distribution records of Trilacuna species from the Himalaya region: green circles represent 22 known species, red circles indicate the three new species. 1. T. hazara; 2. T. bangla; 3. T. aenobarba; 4. T. besucheti; 5. T. loebli; 6. T. mahanadi; 7. T. meghalaya; 8. T. changzi; 9. T. hponkanrazi; 10. T. triseta; 11. T. zhigangi; 12. T. bawan; 13. T. cangshan; 14. T. cuneata; 15. T. datang; 16. T. fugong; 17. T. gongshan; 18. T. longling; 19. T. rastrum; 20. T. wuhe; 21. T. wumanshan; 22. T. xiaoheishan; 23. T. mainling sp. nov.; 24. T. metok sp. nov.; 25. T. zayu sp. nov.	Figure 1. Distribution records of Trilacuna species from the Himalaya region: green circles represent 22 known species, red circles indicate the three new species. 1. T. hazara; 2. T. bangla; 3. T. aenobarba; 4. T. besucheti; 5. T. loebli; 6. T. mahanadi; 7. T. meghalaya; 8. T. changzi; 9. T. hponkanrazi; 10. T. triseta; 11. T. zhigangi; 12. T. bawan; 13. T. cangshan; 14. T. cuneata; 15. T. datang; 16. T. fugong; 17. T. gongshan; 18. T. longling; 19. T. rastrum; 20. T. wuhe; 21. T. wumanshan; 22. T. xiaoheishan; 23. T. mainling sp. nov.; 24. T. metok sp. nov.; 25. T. zayu sp. nov.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
637D98E602BC57CC952DC91AEBCD039E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264610	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure5	Figure 5. Trilacuna mainling sp. nov., male holotype (A – H), Trilacuna metok sp. nov. (I), Trilacuna bangla (J), Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. (K) A, C, E, G prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views B, D, F abdomen, dorsal, ventral and lateral views, arrow shows the small wedge-shaped process H – K endites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 5. Trilacuna mainling sp. nov., male holotype (A – H), Trilacuna metok sp. nov. (I), Trilacuna bangla (J), Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. (K) A, C, E, G prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views B, D, F abdomen, dorsal, ventral and lateral views, arrow shows the small wedge-shaped process H – K endites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
637D98E602BC57CC952DC91AEBCD039E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264616	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure11	Figure 11. Trilacuna zayu sp. nov., male holotype A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views, arrow in D shows the small ridges G abdomen, ventral view, arrow shows the small slit. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 11. Trilacuna zayu sp. nov., male holotype A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views, arrow in D shows the small ridges G abdomen, ventral view, arrow shows the small slit. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
637D98E602BC57CC952DC91AEBCD039E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264617	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure12	Figure 12. Trilacuna zayu sp. nov., male left palp A – C (light) and D – K (SEM) A, D prolateral view B, E dorsal view C, F retrolateral view G bulb, prolateral view H, I, K distal part of bulb, dorsal, prolateral and retrolateral views J detail of bulb, prolateral view. Abbreviations: bls = belt-like structure; cbs = cluster of bristle-like structure; lb = lateral branch; mb = median branch. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – G); 0.05 mm (H – K).	Figure 12. Trilacuna zayu sp. nov., male left palp A – C (light) and D – K (SEM) A, D prolateral view B, E dorsal view C, F retrolateral view G bulb, prolateral view H, I, K distal part of bulb, dorsal, prolateral and retrolateral views J detail of bulb, prolateral view. Abbreviations: bls = belt-like structure; cbs = cluster of bristle-like structure; lb = lateral branch; mb = median branch. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – G); 0.05 mm (H – K).	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
637D98E602BC57CC952DC91AEBCD039E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264618	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure13	Figure 13. Trilacuna zayu sp. nov., female paratype A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	Figure 13. Trilacuna zayu sp. nov., female paratype A, C, E habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma, dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
637D98E602BC57CC952DC91AEBCD039E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264619	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure14	Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., endogyne A, B Trilacuna mainling sp. nov. C, D Trilacuna metok sp. nov. E, F Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014 G, H Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. A, C, E, G ventral view B, D, F, H dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sar = sclerotized, recurved arches; tba = transverse bars; tms = transverse membranous structure; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.	Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., endogyne A, B Trilacuna mainling sp. nov. C, D Trilacuna metok sp. nov. E, F Trilacuna bangla Grismado & Ramírez, 2014 G, H Trilacuna zayu sp. nov. A, C, E, G ventral view B, D, F, H dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sar = sclerotized, recurved arches; tba = transverse bars; tms = transverse membranous structure; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
637D98E602BC57CC952DC91AEBCD039E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264606	https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1229.145844.figure1	Figure 1. Distribution records of Trilacuna species from the Himalaya region: green circles represent 22 known species, red circles indicate the three new species. 1. T. hazara; 2. T. bangla; 3. T. aenobarba; 4. T. besucheti; 5. T. loebli; 6. T. mahanadi; 7. T. meghalaya; 8. T. changzi; 9. T. hponkanrazi; 10. T. triseta; 11. T. zhigangi; 12. T. bawan; 13. T. cangshan; 14. T. cuneata; 15. T. datang; 16. T. fugong; 17. T. gongshan; 18. T. longling; 19. T. rastrum; 20. T. wuhe; 21. T. wumanshan; 22. T. xiaoheishan; 23. T. mainling sp. nov.; 24. T. metok sp. nov.; 25. T. zayu sp. nov.	Figure 1. Distribution records of Trilacuna species from the Himalaya region: green circles represent 22 known species, red circles indicate the three new species. 1. T. hazara; 2. T. bangla; 3. T. aenobarba; 4. T. besucheti; 5. T. loebli; 6. T. mahanadi; 7. T. meghalaya; 8. T. changzi; 9. T. hponkanrazi; 10. T. triseta; 11. T. zhigangi; 12. T. bawan; 13. T. cangshan; 14. T. cuneata; 15. T. datang; 16. T. fugong; 17. T. gongshan; 18. T. longling; 19. T. rastrum; 20. T. wuhe; 21. T. wumanshan; 22. T. xiaoheishan; 23. T. mainling sp. nov.; 24. T. metok sp. nov.; 25. T. zayu sp. nov.	2025-02-27	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang		Zenodo	biologists	Shi, Songlu;Bian, Dongju;Tong, Yanfeng;Li, Shuqiang			
