identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
51EA240C2DBE5855901439AF1802D7EB.text	51EA240C2DBE5855901439AF1802D7EB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sicista concolor (Buchner 1892)	<div><p>Sicista concolor (Büchner, 1892)</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Xining City, Qinghai Province, China.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The brown tail is unicolored and measures approximately 150–170 % of the head-body length. The back of the body is brown, lacking black stripes along the spine, and the abdomen is light brown in color (Fig. 7 a 1 – a 3). The Palatine Foramina are located along the line connecting the metacone and the hypocone of the second upper molar (Fig. 6 a 5).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>A small jerboa, with a body length ranging from 65 to 73 mm, tail length from 103 to 122 mm, hind foot length from 18 to 20 mm, ear length from 12 to 16 mm, and body weight between 10 and 13 g (Table 2). The dorsal fur is brown, interspersed with black hairs, and lacks distinct vertical black stripes along the spine (Fig. 7 a 1 – a 3). The glans penis is relatively short and thick, with a surface densely covered in evenly distributed keratinized spines. The urethral opening is elongated and Y-shaped, while the external tissue surrounding the urethral opening forms a U-shape. The outer annular layer lacks papillae, and no urethral valves, dorsal projections, or lateral branches are observed. The baculum exhibits an ossified, rod-like structure with two lateral wings at the tip. The base is slightly concave, without differentiation into distal and proximal ends. It has a tendency to curve ventrally. The ventral tip is Y-shaped, with a central longitudinal groove, and an additional groove is present on the dorsal side (Fig. 5 a 1 – a 4).</p><p>This species is extremely rare in the wild. Specimens are only available from Qinghai Province, and there is limited knowledge regarding populations in Gansu and Shaanxi Provinces. The geographical isolation caused by numerous mountain ranges and rivers may have led to the formation of distinct species. Further sampling is necessary to verify this hypothesis.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This species is distributed along the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, primarily in the provinces of Gansu, Qinghai, and Shaanxi, China. It is commonly found in temperate forest edges, shrublands, and grassland shrub communities. The species constructs nearly spherical nests made of grass, typically placed in the gaps between shrubs.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/51EA240C2DBE5855901439AF1802D7EB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Deng, Yu;Liu, Qing;Wang, Xuming;Li, Binbin V.;Wang, Jing;Liu, Shuang;Liao, Rui;Liu, Shaoying;Chen, Shunde	Deng, Yu, Liu, Qing, Wang, Xuming, Li, Binbin V., Wang, Jing, Liu, Shuang, Liao, Rui, Liu, Shaoying, Chen, Shunde (2025): Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of the Sicista concolor group (Mammalia, Rodentia, Sicistidae) with the description of a new species. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (3): 1197-1211, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.155510
BE35F982B4E85E7780C2F802448C4EEA.text	BE35F982B4E85E7780C2F802448C4EEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sicista leathemi Thomas 1893	<div><p>Sicista leathemi Thomas, 1893</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>the Kashmir region.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Compared to other birch mice, the incisor foramina is shorter, extending posteriorly only to the middle level of the first molar, with the posterior end of the maxilla near the anterior edge of the molars.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The tail is brown with a bicolored pattern. The dorsal body is brown, with no dark stripes along the midline, while the ventral fur is grayish-white, with an indistinct boundary between the dorsal and ventral regions. The tips of the fur are russet, interspersed with longer, coarser black hairs, with the base of the fur grayish-white. The claws are long and prominent, with a dull grayish-white surface. The hindfoot is entirely white, with no plantar pads, while the back of the front feet is dark brown, and the toes are white.</p><p>S. leathemi is typically considered a subspecies of S. concolor . However, Lebedev et al. (2019) proposed that it might represent a distinct species. Liu et al. (2025) proposed restoring S. leathemi to species status based on mitochondrial gene data and morphological evidence. Our findings also support this possibility (Fig. 2 a).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>It is distributed in the alpine or subalpine scrub regions of the Himalayas, with reports from areas such as Kashmir and Tibet, China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BE35F982B4E85E7780C2F802448C4EEA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Deng, Yu;Liu, Qing;Wang, Xuming;Li, Binbin V.;Wang, Jing;Liu, Shuang;Liao, Rui;Liu, Shaoying;Chen, Shunde	Deng, Yu, Liu, Qing, Wang, Xuming, Li, Binbin V., Wang, Jing, Liu, Shuang, Liao, Rui, Liu, Shaoying, Chen, Shunde (2025): Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of the Sicista concolor group (Mammalia, Rodentia, Sicistidae) with the description of a new species. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (3): 1197-1211, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.155510
78D887B630C0525F87E1601949861125.text	78D887B630C0525F87E1601949861125.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sicista meiguites Deng Y, Liu Q, Wang XM, Liu SY & Chen SD 2025	<div><p>Sicista meiguites Deng Y, Liu Q, Wang XM, Liu SY &amp; Chen SD sp. nov.</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>SAF 191012, an adult female collected from <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.9418&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.6116" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.9418/lat 28.6116)">Dafengding Nature Reserve</a> in June 2019 by Binbin V. Li. The specimen, preserved as dry skin, skull, and muscle and liver tissues in 95 % ethanol, was deposited at the Sichuan Academy of Forestry. The external and cranial measurements (in millimeters) are as follows: HBL = 64 mm, TL = 117 mm, HFL = 19 mm, EL = 13 mm, PL = 20.96 mm, SBL = 16.33 mm, MPL = 9.95 mm, LBO = 4.14 mm, BB = 9.30 mm, HB = 7.46 mm, ABL = 5.63 mm, UTRL = 9.22 mm, LUM = 3.00 mm, UMRB = 4.10 mm, ML = 12.66 mm, LTRL = 8.29 mm, and LLMR = 3.05 mm.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.9418&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.6116" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.9418/lat 28.6116)">Dafengding National Nature Reserve</a>, Meigu County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China (28.6116°N, 102.9418°E, 2939 m).</p><p>Paratype.</p><p>SAF 06183, SAF 06149, adult male captured (28.72102°N, 103.27753°E, 2500 m) in June 2006 by SY Liu, Y Liu, YD Li, and J Zhao. SAF 07057, SAF 07058, adult male captured on May 12, 2007, by Y Liu and QX Xiao. SAF 191015, SAF 191178, SAF 191056, SAF 191014, SAF 191056 collected from Dafengding National Nature Reserve in 2019 by Binbin V. Li. All specimens are deposited at the Sichuan Academy of Forestry.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This species is distinguished by its unique tail (Fig. 7 b 1 – b 3). The tail is darker than that of other species, displaying a deep brown color with a tuft of black hairs at the tip, and its length is approximately twice the length of the body. The palatine foramina are aligned along a line connecting the protocone and paracone of the second upper molar, and the distance between them exceeds the transverse width of the incisive foramen (Fig. 6 b 5).</p><p>Description.</p><p>The head and body length ranges from 53 to 70 mm, tail length from 86 to 145 mm, hind foot length from 16 to 21 mm, ear length from 10 to 17 mm, head length from 18 to 22 mm, and body weight from 6 to 14 g. The upper lip is divided into two segments. The cheeks are tea yellow, extending from the back of the neck to beneath the ears and to the front of the shoulders. Each side has more than 20 vibrissae, with the longest whiskers reaching approximately 30 mm. The longer whiskers are black in the middle and lower parts, grayish-white in the middle and upper parts, while the shorter whiskers are almost entirely grayish-white. The ears are small and round, covered with dark brown short fur. The dorsal fur is dark brown, without any black stripes. The ventral fur has a light gray base with pale yellow tips, and there is no clear demarcation between the back and belly fur. The tail is dark brown and uniformly colored, about twice the length of the head and body. The feet are dark brown, with white toes, and there are long white hair tufts at the base of the claws. The hind limbs are relatively short, with the hind foot length smaller than the total skull length, making them unsuitable for jumping. The forelimbs have four toes, and the hind limbs have five toes (Fig. 7 b 1 – b 3).</p><p>The cranial region is roughly oval in shape, characterized by a relatively short rostrum. The anterior end of the nasal bone slightly extends beyond the maxillary premaxilla and upper incisors. There is no prominent supraorbital ridge between the orbits. The interorbital region is relatively broad, with the narrowest point located at the midline of the frontal bone. The width of the interparietal bone is about twice its length. The posterior margin of the palatine bone is slightly protruding, extending beyond the posterior margin of the molars. The palatine foramen of the upper jaw are located along the line connecting the protocone and paracone of the second upper molar. The distance between the paired palatine foramina exceeds the width between the lateral margins of the incisive foramen. The coronoid process, condyloid process, and angular process of the mandible are all pointed and slant posteriorly, with thin bones connecting the central region (Fig. 6 b 1 – b 5).</p><p>The length of the upper dental row ranges from 9.17 to 9.28 mm, and the length of the lower dental row ranges from 8.08 to 8.32 mm. The upper incisors are slender, oriented vertically toward the ventral side, with an orange enamel surface on the labial side, lacking vertical grooves. The lower incisors are white. The width of the upper molar row is 4.10–4.34 mm, and the length is 3.00– 3.12 mm. The upper premolar is very small and cylindrical in shape. The first and second upper molars are well-developed, each bearing four cusps with deep folds on both the inner and outer sides. The anterior margin of the first molar forms a small protuberance that is lower than the cusps. The second molar is equal in size to the first molar. The third upper molar is very small, circular, and shows signs of gradual degeneration. The lower molar row measures 2.90–3.12 mm in length. The mandible contains three molars. The first lower molar aligns with the second upper molar. Both the first and second lower molars are quadrangular, with four distinct cusps and well-developed central depressions. The anterior margin of the first lower molar features a protuberance. The third lower molar is larger than the third upper molar and exhibits a notch along its inner edge (Fig. 6 b 5 – b 6).</p><p>The glans penis is relatively slender and covered with distinct, evenly distributed keratinized spines. There are 1–2 longitudinal grooves running along the ventral midline and a single longitudinal groove on the dorsal side. The urethral opening is Y-shaped. The outer annular layer lacks papillae, and no urethral valves, dorsal projections, or lateral branches are observed. The baculum exhibits an ossified, rod-like structure without differentiation into distal and proximal ends. The base is slightly concave, and the overall shape is markedly curved towards the ventral side. The ventral tip is Y-shaped, with a central longitudinal groove, and an additional groove is present on the dorsal side (Fig. 5 b 1 – b 4).</p><p>Comparisons.</p><p>Compared to S. concolor, it has a deep, uniformly colored tail measuring over 180 % of the head-body length. The base of the limbs is covered with dark brown fur (Fig. 7). In particular, the palatine foramen of the upper jaw is located along the line connecting the original and anterior cusps of the second upper molar, and the distance between the palatine foramen and the incisor foramen margin exceeds the width of the incisor foramen itself (Fig. 6). Additionally, the tooth row of S. concolor forms a pronounced arc, with the last pair of molars markedly inclined inward (Fig. 6 a 5), whereas S. weigoldi has a straight tooth row (Fig. 6 c 5). The new species exhibits an intermediate dental configuration between these two conditions (Fig. 6 b 5).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>This newly discovered species was found in Meigu, Sichuan Province. In recognition of its type locality, we have named the species accordingly. We propose the English name “ Meigu Birch Mouse ” and the Chinese name “ 美姑蹶鼠 ” for this species.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>It is currently known only from Meigu, Sichuan Province, and inhabits the shaded tall grass in montane and subalpine coniferous forests, mixed conifer-broadleaf forests, riverside shrublands, meadows, and alpine grasslands at altitudes ranging from 2000 to 3000 meters.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/78D887B630C0525F87E1601949861125	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Deng, Yu;Liu, Qing;Wang, Xuming;Li, Binbin V.;Wang, Jing;Liu, Shuang;Liao, Rui;Liu, Shaoying;Chen, Shunde	Deng, Yu, Liu, Qing, Wang, Xuming, Li, Binbin V., Wang, Jing, Liu, Shuang, Liao, Rui, Liu, Shaoying, Chen, Shunde (2025): Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of the Sicista concolor group (Mammalia, Rodentia, Sicistidae) with the description of a new species. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (3): 1197-1211, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.155510
63B1004CB4B355ADB8960DC110CD92D2.text	63B1004CB4B355ADB8960DC110CD92D2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sicista weigoldi Jacobi 1923	<div><p>Sicista weigoldi Jacobi, 1923</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Songpan County, Sichuan Province, China.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The tail exhibits a distinct bicolored pattern, with the dorsal surface being brown and the ventral surface slightly lighter, devoid of a tuft of hair at the tip (Fig. 7 c 1 – c 3). The palatine foramen in the upper jaw is positioned along the midline of the second upper molar, with the distance between the two foramina not exceeding the width of the incisor foramen (Fig. 6 c 1 – c 5).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The glans penis is relatively short and thick, covered with keratinized spines. The urethral opening is not Y-shaped, and the external tissue surrounding the urethral opening forms a U-shape. A shallow groove is present at the base of the dorsal midline, but no lateral grooves are observed. The outer annular layer lacks papillae, and no urethral valves, dorsal projections, or lateral branches are present. The baculum exhibits an ossified, rod-like structure. In most individuals, the tip possesses two lateral wings, resembling a “ cobra hood, ” while in a few individuals, it remains a slender rod, possibly due to incomplete ossification of the cartilage. There is no differentiation between distal and proximal ends, and it tends to curve ventrally. The ventral tip is Y-shaped, with a central longitudinal groove, and an additional groove is present on the dorsal side (Fig. 5 c 1 – c 4).</p><p>S. weigoldi (Jacobi 1923) was first discovered in Songpan and is characterized by a distinct bicolored tail, with the dorsal side brown and the ventral side white. It was initially considered a junior synonym of S. concolor (Allen 1940) . Subsequently, S. weigoldi was often regarded as a subspecies of S. concolor (Wilson and Reeder 1993; Csekész et al. 2017). However, Lebedev et al. (2019) proposed that it may represent a distinct species due to significant geographic isolation. Based on both molecular and morphological evidence, our results support this hypothesis, thereby elevating it to a valid species.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This species is distributed in areas such as Songpan, Pingwu, and Jiuzhaigou in Sichuan Province, inhabiting moist montane coniferous forests, birch forests, and alpine meadows at elevations between 2000 and 4000 meters.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/63B1004CB4B355ADB8960DC110CD92D2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Deng, Yu;Liu, Qing;Wang, Xuming;Li, Binbin V.;Wang, Jing;Liu, Shuang;Liao, Rui;Liu, Shaoying;Chen, Shunde	Deng, Yu, Liu, Qing, Wang, Xuming, Li, Binbin V., Wang, Jing, Liu, Shuang, Liao, Rui, Liu, Shaoying, Chen, Shunde (2025): Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of the Sicista concolor group (Mammalia, Rodentia, Sicistidae) with the description of a new species. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (3): 1197-1211, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.155510
