identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
7B2270177E36525D21CBFE45FE60467F.text	7B2270177E36525D21CBFE45FE60467F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ceriochernes spelaeofoliaceus Guimarães & Prado & Ferreira 2025	<div><p>Ceriochernes spelaeofoliaceus sp. nov.</p><p>Material Examined. Holotype female (ISLA 125649), preserved in ethanol: Brazil, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.957&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.822805" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.957/lat -13.822805)">Serra do Ramalho</a>, Bahia, Lapa dos Peixes I (13° 49' 22.1" S 43° 57' 25.2" W), September 7, 2023, collected by R.L. Ferreira . Paratypes, same data as the holotype, collected on June 3, 2024: ISLA 125652 (female), ISLA 125655 (female), ISLA 125650 (female). Additional paratypes, same data: ISLA 125657 (female), ISLA 125658 (female) .</p><p>Etymology: The epithet spelaeofoliaceus derives from the Latin 'spelaeo-' (cave), referring to its natural habitat, and 'foliaceus' (leaf-like), highlighting its leaf-like setae.</p><p>Diagnosis. The Ceriochernes spelaeofoliaceus sp. nov. most closely resembles C. foliaceosetosus based on the following combination of characteristics: absence of ocular apparatus, reticulated epicuticle, two transverse furrows on the carapace, and leaf-shaped vestitural setae. It differs from C. foliaceosetosus in the number of teeth on the chela is 43–45 on the fixed finger and 48–51 on the movable finger ( C. foliaceosetosus has 35–40 teeth on both fingers.), Finally, the proportion between the chelal fingers and the hand varies, with C. foliaceosetosus exhibiting shorter fingers relative to the hand (ratio of chelal finger length to hand length equals 1.36 in C. foliaceosetosus sp. nov., compared to 0.9 in C. spelaeofoliaceus sp. nov.).</p><p>Description. Body and legs, orange-brown; pedipalps darker orange-brown; chelicerae almost translucent orange-brown (Figs 4A–B). Entire body covered by a reticulated epicuticle with a hexagonal shape, resembling a beehive (Fig. 5A).</p><p>Carapace: (Fig. 5A) 1.12 (0.95) longer than wide; showing a difference between ocular width and posterior width of 0.197 (0.302); without ocular apparatus; two transverse grooves, in the medial and posterior position; chaetotaxy: 48 foliate setae, (of these, 9 on lateral margins, 11 between the first and second groove and 4 between the last groove and the posterior margin.)</p><p>Coxae: Intercoxal tubercle absent, the palpal coxae with reticulate epicuticle, with 17 setae, 7 foliate setae closer to the margin, 10 filamentous in the internal portion, has reticulate epicuticle; coxae of the legs, without reticulated epicuticle, with only filamentous setae; chaetotaxy I–IV: 13(14):16(17):20:28(29).</p><p>Tergites: (Fig. 5A) Divided except XI; all foliate setae; chaetotaxy I–XI: 4:4:4:5:4:4:6:6:6:6:7.</p><p>Sternite: Covered with reticulate epicuticle of hexagonal shape. Granular integument resembles scales; chaetotaxy II–XII: 44:21:8:13:14:13:12:11:8:3:4 (anal); foliate setae smaller than those on tergites; segments II and III, and the two central setae of segment V, are filamentous.</p><p>Female genital operculum: With 31 (44) setae in the anterior region and 20 (22) along the posterior margin; spermatheca: Composed of a slender central tube that tapers distally, connected at its distal end to two equally slender, parallel, semi-sinuous tubes. Each of these lateral tubes exhibits a medial dilation and a slight dilation at the distal extremity. (Figs 5B–C, 8C).</p><p>Chelicera: (Figs 6A–B) Hand with seven setae and movable finger with one, sbs, bs, bs1 and bs2 branched; ls long, es short. Fixed finger with 8 teeth, pointed and facing backwards (the first three distal ones smaller and spaced apart); movable finger without teeth; galea with bifid tip and 1 distal and 2 subdistal branches; external serrula with 19 blades, internal serrula with four distal blades (the first elongated and three rounded), bearing small spine-like projections, followed by a continuous, uniform structure resembling a veil; rallum with 3 blades, the third most distal blade is larger and serrated, the others smooth.</p><p>Pedipalp: (Figs 6C–D, 7D) Trochanter 1.77 (1.50) times longer than wide, with a rounded (ventral) protuberance; femur 0.43 times longer than wide, with internal margin convex, like an arch; patella 0.31 (0.38) times longer than wide, most proximal part thin, and the distal part in oval shape; hand with pedicel similar size to the fingers, with foliate setae; fingers with filamentous setae, without reticulated epicuticle; chela with some bifid and branched setae; movable chelal finger slightly curved inwards like a arch, with 51 (48) teeth, facing backwards, with pointed apex, 2 smaller accessory teeth, located distally in the external lateral region; fixed chelal finger straight with 43 (45) homogeneous teeth in the shape of a trapezoid, with pointed apex, and 5 accessory teeth located distally in the external lateral region. Trichobothria: st closer to t than to sb and b, ist proximal to it, ist adjacent to est, esb slightly distal to eb, et and it are adjacent and opposite. Well-developed venom apparatus on the movable finger (Fig. 8A).</p><p>Leg I: (Figs 7A, C) Arolium shorter than claws; tarsus with predominant of foliate setae, filamentous setae on the internal part and around the most distal tip; tibia with a single seta on the distal part; femur and patella (not fused), with foliated setae; trochanter with foliate seta only on the outer part and completely granulated (thorn-like granules).</p><p>Leg IV: (Fig. 7B) Arolium shorter than claws; tarsus with predominant of foliate setae, filamentous setae on the internal part and around the most distal tip; tibia with 3 filamentous setae on the internal part, femur and patella (fused) with filamentous and foliate seta distributed around the limb; trochanter with filamentous setae on the internal part and two foliate setae on the outer part.</p><p>Measurements (mm): Female holotype (paratypes in parenthesis): body length 2.23 (2.50); carapace 0.70/0.62 (0.764 / 0.805). Chelicera 0.23/0.10 (0.29/0.14). Pedipalp: trochanter 0.39/0.22 (0.45/0.30); femur 0.63/0.20 (0.68/0.24); patella 0.55/0.23 (0.65/0.27); hand (with pedicel) 0.54/0.36 (0.62/0.42); chela (with pedicel) 1.13/0.36 (1.25/0.42); chela (without pedicel) 1.085/0.36 (1.20/0.42); movable finger length 0.60 (0.66). Leg I: Trochanter 0.16/0.12 (0.17/0.13); femur 0.21/0.14 (0.20/0.14); patella 0.20/0.12 (0.30/0.13); tibia 0.32/0.10 (0.34/0.10); tarsus 0.35/0.07 (0.40/0.07). Leg IV:Trochanter 0.25/0.13 (0.21/0.13); femur + patella 0.53/0.12 (0.60/0.13); tibia 0.50/0.11 (0.51/0.11); tarsus 0.36/0.08 (0.40/0.07).</p><p>Ecological remarks</p><p>The Água Clara Cave System (ACCS), located in western Bahia, northeastern Brazil, represents the most speciesrich "Hotspot of Subterranean Biodiversity" known in the tropical region globally (Ferreira et al. 2023). With 53 cave-restricted species documented to date, its ecological significance is exceptional (Vaz et al. 2025). The system consists of an extensive network of subterranean conduits connected by one of the many fluvial outlets situated along the eastern margin of the Serra do Ramalho karst region. It encompasses four main caves: Gruna da Água Clara (13,880 m), Gruna dos Índios (510 m), Lapa dos Peixes I (9,320 m), and Lapa dos Peixes II (2,100 m), with a total mapped length of 25,810 meters. Considering the unexplored and inaccessible passages linking these caves, it is plausible that the ACCS extends beyond 27 kilometers (Ferreira &amp; Souza-Silva 2023).</p><p>Ceriochernes spelaeofoliaceus sp. nov. was exclusively recorded in a single gallery within the Lapa dos Peixes I cave. This section of the cave remains permanently humid due to the presence of a perennial water body flowing through the conduit. The species coexists with a diverse assemblage of other cave-restricted invertebrates, including springtails, isopods, harvestmen, planthoppers, millipedes, beetles, among others.</p><p>Although the cave is only occasionally visited by speleologists, the specific area where C. spelaeofoliaceus sp. nov. occurs is well-preserved, largely due to its difficult access. Nevertheless, there are growing conservation concerns related to ongoing deforestation in the surrounding region, which has accelerated significantly in recent decades (Ferreira &amp; Souza-Silva 2023). Such environmental degradation may reduce the input of organic matter into the cave and promote siltation, potentially compromising the microhabitats essential for the persistence of C. spelaeofoliaceus sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B2270177E36525D21CBFE45FE60467F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Guimarães, Lucas;Prado, Guilherme C.;Ferreira, Rodrigo L.	Guimarães, Lucas, Prado, Guilherme C., Ferreira, Rodrigo L. (2025): Two new species of Ceriochernes Beier, 1937 (Pseudoscorpiones: Chernetidae) from Brazilian caves. Zootaxa 5691 (1): 113-129, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5691.1.6
7B2270177E3A525921CBF8B1FD9342FF.text	7B2270177E3A525921CBF8B1FD9342FF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ceriochernes foliaceospeluncarum Guimarães & Prado & Ferreira 2025	<div><p>Ceriochernes foliaceospeluncarum sp. nov.</p><p>Material Examined. Holotype female (ISLA 125945), preserved in ethanol: Brazil, Minas Gerais, Prudente de Morais, 01L (19°26'32,72"S 44°6'24,238"W), August 24, 2024, Collected by Candiani D. F. et al . Paratypes, same data as the holotype: ISLA 125947 (female), ISLA 125948 (female), ISLA 125949 (female); ISLA 129096 (female), collected on 10 July 2025 by Daniele Pedrosa de Oliveira .</p><p>Etymology: The specific epithet foliaceospeluncarum is a compound derived from the Latin foliaceus (meaning "leaf-like"), referring to the distinctive leaf-shaped setae, and speluncarum, the genitive plural of spelunca (meaning "cave"), alluding to the species' cave-dwelling habitat.</p><p>Diagnosis. Ceriochernes foliaceospeluncarum sp. nov. most closely resembles C. foliaceosetosus based on the following combination of characteristics: absence of ocular apparatus, reticulated epicuticle, two transverse furrows on the carapace, tergites divided except for the last, leaf-shaped vestitural setae, and chelal fingers slightly shorter than hand. It differs from C. foliaceosetosus in the proportion of the carapace, being 1.01× longer than wide ( C. foliaceosetosus 0.05–0.06× longer than wide); in chelal dentition: 41–43 teeth on the movable chelal finger and 38–43 on the fixed finger ( C. foliaceosetosus has 35–40 teeth on both fingers); in the length of femur and patella of leg IV: 0.85/ 0.14 mm (0.49/ 0.15 mm in C. foliaceosetosus); and in the female genital operculum, which bears 80 setae on sternite II and 52 on sternite III (12 and 10, respectively, in C. foliaceosetosus).</p><p>Description. Body and legs, beige; pedipalps orange-brown; chelicerae translucent beige. Entire body covered by a reticulated epicuticle with a hexagonal shape, resembling a beehive (Fig. 4C–D).</p><p>Carapace: (Fig. 11A) 1.01 longer than wide, showing a difference between ocular width and posterior width of 0.415 (0.454); without ocular apparatus; two transverse grooves, in the medial and posterior position (posterior margin granulated, thorn-like granules); chaetotaxy: 52 foliate setae, leaf-like, (of these, 16 on lateral margins, 12 between the first and second groove and 6 between the last groove and the posterior margin).</p><p>Coxae: Intercoxal tubercle absent, the palpal coxae with reticulate epicuticle, with 59 setae, filamentous in the posterointernal portion; pedal coxae without reticulate epicuticle, with only filamentous setae; chaetotaxy I–IV: 36:41:41:66(67).</p><p>Tergites: (Fig. 11A) Divided except XI (Fig. 11C); all foliate setae; chaetotaxy I–XI: 7:5:6:8:8:9:8:10:10:7:1 8.</p><p>Sternite: Covered with reticulate epicuticle of hexagonal shape. Granular integument resembles scales; chaetotaxy IV–XII: 13:19:19:15(16):14:13:12:11+2 (anal); foliate setae smaller than those on tergites; segments II, III with filamentous setae; as of the fourth segment to the last, setae gradually increasing in size.</p><p>Female genital operculum: With 80 setae on sternite II and 42 along sternite III; spermatheca: Comprising a slender central tube that tapers distally, connected at its distal end to two equally slender, parallel, semi-sinuous tubes. (Figs 12B, D–E)</p><p>Chelicera: (Figs 10C–D, 12C) Hand with seven setae and movable finger with one, sbs, bs, bs1 and bs2 branched; ls long, es short. Fixed finger with 7 teeth, pointed and facing backwards (the first two distal ones smaller, spaced, pointed and facing upward); movable finger without teeth; galea bifurcated into four branches; external serrula with 19 blades, internal serrula with 4 distal blades (the first very elongated and three rounded), bearing small spine-like projections, followed by a continuous and uniform structure similar to a veil; rallum with 3 blades, the third most distal blade is larger and serrated, the others smooth.</p><p>Pedipalp: (Figs 8A, 9A, 10A–B) Trochanter 0.14 (0.34) times wider than long, with a rounded (ventral) protuberance; femur 3.21 (3.38) times longer than wide, with internal margin convex, like an arch; patella 0.55 (0.52) times longer than wide, most proximal part thin; hand bigger than fingers, with foliate setae; fingers with filamentous setae, without reticulated epicuticle; chela with some bifid and branched setae (Fig. 10B); movable finger slightly curved inwards like an arch, with 43 (41) teeth, trapezoidal shape with a pointed apex, 7 smaller accessory teeth, located distally in the external lateral region; fixed finger with 43 (38) homogeneous teeth in the trapezoidal shape, with pointed apex, and 7 (9) accessory teeth located distally in the external lateral region. Trichobothria: st closer to t than to sb and b, ist proximal to it, ist distal to est, esb slightly distal to eb, et distal to it. Well-developed venom apparatus on the movable finger (Fig. 12A).</p><p>Leg I: (Fig. 9C–D) Arolium shorter than claws; tarsus with predominant of foliate setae, filamentous setae on the internal part and around the most distal tip; tibia with four setae on the internal part; femur with a single seta on the internal distal part; patella with only foliate setae, femur and patella (not fused); trochanter with modified halfmoon-shaped setae at the most distal base, followed by filamentous setae and a single foliate seta.</p><p>Leg IV: (Fig. 9B) Arolium shorter than claws; tarsus with predominant of foliate setae, filamentous setae on the internal part and around the most distal tip; tibia with 3 filamentous setae on the internal part, femur and patella (fused) with foliate setae; trochanter with filamentous setae on the internal part and foliate setae on the external part.</p><p>Measurements (mm): Female holotype (Paratypes in parenthesis): body length 2.64 (2.66); carapace 0.87/0.86 (0.90/0.89). Chelicera 0.32/0.15 (0.32/0.14). Pedipalp: trochanter 0.45/0.31 (0.60/0.26); femur 0.90/0.28 (0.88/0.26); patella 0.86/0.31 (0.84/0.32); hand (with pedicel) 0.83/0.49 (0.79/0.44); chela (with pedicel) 1.49/0.48 (1.40/0.45); chela (without pedicel) 1.38/0.48 (1.27/0.45); movable finger length 0.70 (0.60). Leg I: Trochanter 0.21/0.14 (0.22/0.13); femur 0.30/0.16 (0.22/0.13); patella 0.43/0.13 (0.42/0.12); tibia 0.50/0.10 (0.45/0.09); tarsus 0.50/0.08 (0.50/0.07). Leg IV: Trochanter 0.25/0.13 (0.34/0.15); femur + patella 0.85/0.14 (0.86/0.15); tibia 0.75/0.12 (0.73/0.11); tarsus 0.50/0.10 (0.57/0.09).</p><p>Ecological remarks</p><p>Limeira 01L is a limestone cave associated with the Bambuí Speleological Formation, located in central Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The cave lies at the base of an outcrop in the southwestern portion of a karst massif regionally known as the Limeira Massif, near a dissolution doline that is seasonally flooded by Rainwater (Figs 3A, D). Seasonal flooding can also partially submerge the cave itself. Limeira 01L features a single entrance and a main conduit (Fig. 3C) with few branches, extending over a horizontal projection of 175 meters. Specimens of C. foliaceospeluncarum sp. nov. were collected during a single sampling event in an area with an earthy floor substrate, approximately 80 meters from the entrance (Fig. 3B). It is important to note that several other caves in the region were also surveyed, but this species was found exclusively in Limeira 01L. Moreover, the cave lies within the boundaries of an active mining operation. Nonetheless, environmental licensing studies have classified Limeira 01L as having maximum relevance, requiring its full protection.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B2270177E3A525921CBF8B1FD9342FF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Guimarães, Lucas;Prado, Guilherme C.;Ferreira, Rodrigo L.	Guimarães, Lucas, Prado, Guilherme C., Ferreira, Rodrigo L. (2025): Two new species of Ceriochernes Beier, 1937 (Pseudoscorpiones: Chernetidae) from Brazilian caves. Zootaxa 5691 (1): 113-129, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5691.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5691.1.6
