identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
5D24E2E4CB5C5F4395EB12F4403E2A26.text	5D24E2E4CB5C5F4395EB12F4403E2A26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phenasurya daeng Marathe, Maddison & Trebicki 2025	<div><p>Phenasurya daeng Marathe, Maddison &amp; Trębicki sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 3–8, 9–20</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Thailand • Kanchanaburi, Mueang Kanchanaburi District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.319&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.145" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.319/lat 14.145)">Wang Dong</a>; 14.145°N, 99.319°E; 987 m a. s. l.; 26 January – 9 February 2020; coll. Ł. Trębicki. Holotype: • ♂ (PSUZC-ARACH-022 / SAL_THAI_0223) , Paratypes: • 1 ♀ (PSUZC-ARACH-013 / SAL_THAI_0251) • 1 ♂ (PSUZC-ARACH-004 / SAL_THAI_0004)</p><p>Additional paratypes.</p><p>2 ♂♂ &amp; 4 ♀♀: Thailand • Kanchanaburi, Mueang Kanchanaburi District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.319&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.145" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.319/lat 14.145)">Wang Dong</a>; 14.145°N, 99.319°E; 987 m a. s. l.; 26 January – 9 February 2020; coll. Ł. Trębicki .</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet daeng means “red” in Thai, alluding to the species’ distinctive red face.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Because this is a monotypic genus, the generic diagnosis also applies to Phenasurya daeng .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Male (holotype, PSUZC-ARACH-022). Measurements: Carapace 3.3 long, 2.5 wide. Abdomen 2.7 long, 1.7 wide. Carapace somewhat broad and relatively high, largely reddish-brown with the ocular area darker brown. Hints of white cheek bands from remaining scales originate at the junction of ALEs and AMEs, traverse just beneath the ocular ridge, and turn slightly upward at the slope of the ocular area. White marginal bands begin at the base of the ALEs and terminate at the posterior edge of the thoracic slope. Clypeus narrow, covered in orange-red hairs. Chelicerae narrow, brown, with one tooth having two tips (one conspicuous, one inconspicuous) on the retrolateral margin and two on the prolateral margin. Legs relatively long, robust, and dark brown. Palp as in Fig. 5, with an embolus flower-bud-shaped, broad basally and narrowing distally. Tegulum ovoid with a bulky tegular lobe. Abdomen relatively slender with a pale anteroposterior medial band extending only to midway on a dark, glossy integument.</p><p>Female (paratype, PSUZC-ARACH-013). Measurements: Carapace 3 long, 2.2 wide; abdomen 3.3 long, 2 wide. Carapace similar in form and pattern to the male but overall paler. Clypeus narrow, sparsely covered with pale hairs. Chelicerae simple, vertical, brown. Legs relatively long, robust, and paler than in the male. Abdomen slender with a pale anteroposterior medial band extending to midway on a dark background, widening laterally near the posterior. Approximately three-quarters towards the posterior, a pair of dark, somewhat glossy patches occur on either side, with one larger patch at the posterior end. Spinnerets long. Epigyne as in Figs 7, 8, lacking distinctive pockets; epigastric furrow with a shallow medial notch.</p><p>Natural history.</p><p>Widely distributed across Thailand (Fig. 21) and presently known only from that country, though its occurrence in neighbouring regions is likely given its range within Thailand. It is a vegetation dweller, typically found on low-lying to medium-high vegetation.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D24E2E4CB5C5F4395EB12F4403E2A26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Marathe, Kiran;Trębicki, Łukasz;Janik-Superson, Katarzyna;Samoh, Abdulloh;Zhang, Junxia;Maddison, Wayne P.	Marathe, Kiran, Trębicki, Łukasz, Janik-Superson, Katarzyna, Samoh, Abdulloh, Zhang, Junxia, Maddison, Wayne P. (2025): Phenasurya daeng, a new genus and species of plexippine jumping spider (Salticidae, Plexippini, Plexippina) from Thailand. ZooKeys 1259: 335-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1259.169914
65923AE4C63B53118A51BF2704B7683E.text	65923AE4C63B53118A51BF2704B7683E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phenasurya Marathe & Maddison 2025	<div><p>Phenasurya Marathe &amp; Maddison gen. nov.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Phenasurya daeng sp. nov., by monotypy.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The genus name Phenasurya is derived from the Greek “phen-”, referring to appearance, and the Thai “Surya”, referring to the sun. This alludes to the face of this elegant spider, red like the setting sun.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Phenasurya daeng is recovered as sister to cf. Colopsus (sensu Lin et al. 2024; Marathe et al. 2024 c) and Pancorius: ( P. daeng, (cf. Colopsus, ( P. dentichelis, P. petoti))) (Figs 1, 2). Although P. daeng clusters near Pancorius and cf. Colopsus — both of which possess palps with a strongly sclerotised, thin embolus and an epigyne with distinctive ECPs — P. daeng exhibits markedly different genitalic morphology, including a male palp with an unsclerotised, jasmine-flower-bud-shaped embolus and an epigyne lacking distinctive ECPs. Consequently, P. daeng cannot be assigned to either Colopsus or Pancorius without synonymizing the two genera or, if included in one of them, rendering that genus paraphyletic. Therefore, the establishment of a new genus to accommodate P. daeng is justified, as it preserves the validity of both Colopsus and Pancorius and maintains the monophyly of each genus.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Unique among plexippines in possessing a relatively lightly sclerotised embolus resembling a jasmine flower bud — broad at the base and gradually tapering to a blunt tip. The embolus arises terminally from an ovoid, bulky tegulum with a lobe, extends retrolaterally, and terminates distally. In contrast, its close relatives cf. Colopsus and Pancorius typically have a highly sclerotised, longer, thinner embolus on a round tegulum.</p><p>The female epigyne also distinguishes Phenasurya from these genera: Phenasurya lacks distinctive ECPs, bearing instead a shallow medial notch at the epigastric furrow, whereas cf. Colopsus and Pancorius have distinctly divided ECPs positioned slightly anterior to the epigastric furrow.</p><p>The body markings of Phenasurya recall some Asian Evarcha (e. g., E. bulbosa Żabka, 1985) as well as smaller, red-faced African Evarcha (e. g., E. culicivora Wesołowska &amp; Jackson, 2003). However, the red face of Phenasurya is absent in Asian Evarcha, and the epigyne clearly separates the genera: Phenasurya lacks ECPs, whereas Evarcha has distinctly divided ECPs. The male palp of Phenasurya also differs from that of African Evarcha, which typically has a well-sclerotised, much longer, thinner embolus and a bifurcated RTA.</p><p>The carapace markings may resemble those of Burmattus, but the male palp readily distinguishes the two. Burmattus has a highly sclerotised, curved cutlass-like embolus, a roundish tegulum lacking a distinctive lobe, a retrolateral cymbial groove, and a long, dorsally curved RTA. In addition, unlike Phenasurya, Burmattus bears a distinctive ECP positioned anteriorly and away from the epigastric furrow.</p><p>The body markings and male embolus of Phenasurya also resemble those of the unrelated salticine genus Carrhotus, particularly C. qingzhaoae and C. taprobanicus . However, in Phenasurya the embolus emerges prolaterally, leaning retrolaterally from a well-defined tegulum, whereas in Carrhotus the embolus is placed medially, on a somewhat irregular tegulum, giving the appearance of a candle flame (embolus) atop a candle (tegulum). The abdominal pattern also differs: Phenasurya has a simple medial band, while Carrhotus typically bears spotty abdominal markings.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Because this is a monotypic genus, the species description also applies to Phenasurya; see below.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/65923AE4C63B53118A51BF2704B7683E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Marathe, Kiran;Trębicki, Łukasz;Janik-Superson, Katarzyna;Samoh, Abdulloh;Zhang, Junxia;Maddison, Wayne P.	Marathe, Kiran, Trębicki, Łukasz, Janik-Superson, Katarzyna, Samoh, Abdulloh, Zhang, Junxia, Maddison, Wayne P. (2025): Phenasurya daeng, a new genus and species of plexippine jumping spider (Salticidae, Plexippini, Plexippina) from Thailand. ZooKeys 1259: 335-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1259.169914
