identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
DD2814B4A91E5A48BFA1AEC2C826452C.text	DD2814B4A91E5A48BFA1AEC2C826452C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Synuchus congruus (Morawitz 1862)	<div><p>Synuchus congruus (Morawitz, 1862)</p><p>Taphria congrua Morawitz, 1862</p><p>Synuchus latus Tschitschérine, 1893</p><p>Taxonomic remarks.</p><p>The genus Synuchus has been represented in Europe by a single widespread species Synuchus vivalis . It can be easily distinguished from other European Sphodrini Laporte, 1834 by the following features: dilated last labial palpomere, serrated tarsal claws, rounded base of the pronotum, prosternal process without a border, and characteristic shape of the aedeagus (Lindroth 1956; Aßmann 2004). Despite the extreme similarity in habitus (Figs 1, 2), the morphology of numerous specimens recorded over the past few years differed from that characteristic for S. vivalis . They have transverse reticulation on the elytra (rounded / isodiametric in S. vivalis) (Figs 3, 4), rather faint reticulation on the base and disc of pronotum (clearly visible in S. vivalis) (Figs 5, 6), weaker reticulation on forehead and vertex (clearly visible in S. vivalis), and deeper lateral furrows on middle and hind tarsi (weaker in S. vivalis). The differences also concern the shape of the aedeagus, the apex of which is short and rounded, and the median lobe in dorsal view is almost symmetrical (in S. vivalis the apex is elongated and curved upward, and the median lobe in dorsal view is asymmetrical and enlarged to the right) (Figs 7, 8). Careful examination of these specimens showed that their morphology corresponds to the characteristics of S. congruus given by Lindroth (1956) and Lafer (1989), and they are clearly conspecific with specimens of S. congruus from Eastern Siberia and the Russian Far East.</p><p>Collection and habitat data.</p><p>Specimens of S. congruus were collected from multiple locations in western and central Belarus, northern and eastern Poland, and Latvia (Fig. 9). They were mainly found in forests, with several specimens in fallow fields and meadows. One was caught in bush thickets near a river. Almost all specimens were collected using pitfall traps or sifted from leaf litter, except for one, which was found in the fruiting body of Pleurotus sp. on a fallow oak tree in an old-growth oak forest.</p><p>Locality data.</p><p>Belarus – Minsk region: Dzerzhinsky distr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.920834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.845554" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.920834/lat 53.845554)">near Volmechka</a> vlg. (UTM code: MV 96), 53°50'44"N, 26°55'15"E, meadow, pitfall traps: 1 ex., 9.X.2011, leg. V. Lukin (SPCM) • Dzerzhinsky distr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.937777&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.846386" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.937777/lat 53.846386)">near Volmechka</a> vlg. (MV 96), 53°50'47"N, 26°56'16"E, meadow, pitfall traps: 1 ex., 9.X.2011, leg. V. Lukin (SPCM) • Minsk (NV 37), 53°56'35"N, 27°33'11"E, municipal woodland, hand collecting: 1 ex., 1.VIII.2020, leg. V. Kuznetzov (cKuz) – Brest region: Kamenets dist., near Lyatskie vlg. (FD 93), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.875&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.615555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.875/lat 52.615555)">Białowieża Forest (Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park)</a>, 52°36'56"N, 23°52'30"E, birch forest, pitfall traps: 2 ex., 8.IX–11.X.2017, leg. O. Prischepchik (SPCM) • Kamenets dist., near Lyatskie vlg. (FD 93), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.861668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.58861" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.861668/lat 52.58861)">Białowieża Forest</a>, 52°35'19"N, 23°51'42"E, hornbeam forest, pitfall traps: 1 ex., 26.X–7.XI.2024, leg. M. Kazulka (SPCM) • Kamenets dist., near Lyatskie vlg. (FD 93), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.860834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.603054" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.860834/lat 52.603054)">Białowieża Forest</a>, 52°36'11"N, 23°51'39"E, oak forest, pitfall traps: 1 ex., 26.X–7.XI.2024, leg. M. Kazulka (SPCM) • Kamenets dist., near Lyatskie vlg. (FD 93), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.875834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.58722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.875834/lat 52.58722)">Białowieża Forest</a>, 52°35'14"N, 23°52'33"E, oak-hornbeam forest, pitfall traps: 1 ex., 26.X–7.XI.2024, leg. M. Kazulka (SPCM) • Kamenets dist., near Kamenyuki vlg. (FD 83), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.796667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.605" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.796667/lat 52.605)">Białowieża Forest</a>, 52°36'18"N, 23°47'48"E, oak forest, hand collecting (on Pleurotus sp.): 1 ex., 18.VIII.2021; pitfall traps: 4 ex., 26.X–7.XI.2024, leg. M. Kazulka (SPCM) • Brest dist., Tomashovka vlg. (FC 71), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.591667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.591667/lat 51.555)">Pribuzhskoe Polesie Biosphere Reserve</a>, 51°33'18"N, 23°35'30"E, pine forest, pitfall traps: 1 ex., 16.III–17.IV.2022, leg. V. Kuznetzov (cKuz) • Brest dist., near Orkhovo vlg. (FC 81), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.62139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.524723" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.62139/lat 51.524723)">Pribuzhskoe Polesie Biosphere Reserve</a>, 51°31'29"N, 23°37'17"E, broadleaved forest, pitfall traps: 13 ex., 16–23.X.2021; 10 ex., 23–30.X.2021; 31 ex., 31.X–16.XI.2021; 11 ex., 16.XI.2021 – 12.II.2022, leg. V. Kuznetzov (cKuz) • Brest dist., near Orkhovo vlg. (FC 81), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.519167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.21361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.519167/lat 53.21361)">Pribuzhskoe Polesie Biosphere Reserve</a>, 51°31'55"N, 23°36'39"E, broadleaved forest, hand collecting: 1 ex., 16.X.2021; pitfall traps: 1 ex., 27.III–11.IV.2021, leg. V. Kuznetzov (cKuz); 7 ex., 30.X–6.XI.2023, leg. M. Kazulka (SPCM) – Grodno region: Volkovysk dist., near Zvezdnaya vlg. (LU 39), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.519167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.21361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.519167/lat 53.21361)">Zamkavy Les Landscape Reserve</a>, 53°12'49"N, 24°31'09"E, oak forest, pitfall traps: 1 ex., 24.VI–4.VIII.2022; 16 ex., 4.VIII–6.IX.2022; 11 ex., 6.IX–6.X.2022, leg. M. Kazulka (SPCM) • Oshmyany dist., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=25.976946&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.47889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 25.976946/lat 54.47889)">near Pratskovshchina</a> vlg. (MA 33), 54°28'44"N, 25°58'37"E, oak-aspen forest, pitfall traps: 4 ex., 5.IX–5.X.2022, leg. M. Kazulka (SPCM) .</p><p>Latvia – Bārbele parish, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.534445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=56.45" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.534445/lat 56.45)">Bauska municipality</a> (LC 45), 56°27'00"N, 24°32'04"E, bush thickets near a river, pitfall trap: 1 ex., 8–11. VIII. 2024 (DUBC) .</p><p>Poland – Pomeranian Voivodeship: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.973057&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.42806" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.973057/lat 54.42806)">near Widzino</a> vlg. (XA 23), 54°25'41"N, 16°58'23"E, fallow field, pitfall traps: 1 ex., 22.V–5.VI.2007; 1 ex., 22.VII–9.VIII.2007; 5 ex., 20.IX–8.X.2007; 4 ex., 8.X–3.XI.2007; 6 ex., 3–20.XI.2007, leg. M. Czyżykowska (PUIB) • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=17.056389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.44389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 17.056389/lat 54.44389)">Słupsk city</a> (XA 33), 54°26'38"N, 17°03'23"E, oak-beech municipal forest, pitfall trap: 1 ex., 15–30.XI.2009, leg. O. Aleksandrowicz (PUIB) • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.991667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.483612" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.991667/lat 54.483612)">Słupsk city</a> (XA 23), 54°29'01"N, 16°59'30"E, fallow field, pitfall trap: 1 ex., 1–20.XI.2012, leg I. Mrozowicz (PUIB) • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.847778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.717777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.847778/lat 52.717777)">Near Niepoględzie</a> vlg. (XA 51), 54°17'27"N, 17°22'38"E, wooded strip (hornbeam forest), pitfall traps: 9 ex., 15.X–11.XI.2010, leg. M. Janusiak (PUIB) – Podlaskie Voivodeship: near Białowieża vlg. (FD 94), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.847778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.717777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.847778/lat 52.717777)">Białowieża Forest (Białowieża National Park)</a>, comp. 399 C, 52°43'04"N, 23°50'52"E, oak – hornbeam forest, pitfall traps: 2 ex., 31.VII.2012, leg. J. Gutowski (FRI) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD2814B4A91E5A48BFA1AEC2C826452C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kazulka, Mikalai;Anichtchenko, Alexander;Aleksandrowicz, Oleg	Kazulka, Mikalai, Anichtchenko, Alexander, Aleksandrowicz, Oleg (2025): Discovery of Synuchus congruus (Morawitz, 1862) (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini) in Europe. ZooKeys 1247: 127-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1247.151146
