identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
40FB2815B957569AB37D133C264A8180.text	40FB2815B957569AB37D133C264A8180.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acizzia aliceae Percy & Martoni 2025	<div><p>Acizzia aliceae Percy &amp; Martoni sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 12, 13, 14</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Norfolk Island, Norfolk Island National Park, Summit Track, on  Dodonaea viscosa growing on side of the track. Collected by sweeping plant branch using a net.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: Norfolk Island • adult ♂; Norfolk Island National Park,  Summit Track; 19 Oct. 2022; Francesco Martoni leg.; on  Dodonaea viscosa; sweeping; entire specimen mounted on card triangle, deposited at VAIC. Labels: “ Norfolk Island N. P. / Summit Track / 19 - Oct- 2022 F. Martoni / On  Dodonaea viscosa ” (Printed on white card); “ HOLOTYPE ♂ /  Acizzia aliceae / Percy &amp; Martoni 2025 ” (Printed on red card)  .  Paratypes: Norfolk Island • 5 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; same data as the holotype; dissected specimens mounted on microscope slides deposited at VAIC •  1 adult ♂, 2 adult ♀♀; same data as the holotype; entire specimens mounted on card triangle, deposited at ANIC •  2 adult ♂♂, 3 adult ♀♀; same data as the holotype; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at NHMB •   9 adult ♂♂, 4 adult ♀♀, 1 immature; Norfolk Island,  17 Rocky Point Rd; 19 Feb. 2023; James M. H Tweed leg.; on  Dodonaea viscosa; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at VAIC  •   57 adult ♂♂, 51 adult ♀♀, 18 immatures; Norfolk Island National Park,  Captain Cook Rd gate; 06 Nov. 2023; James M. H. Tweed leg.; on  Dodonaea viscosa; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at VAIC  •   6 adult ♂♂, 2 adult ♀♀, 1 immature; Selwyn Pine Road,  Highlands Ecolodge; 22 Dec. 2012; Laurence Mound leg.; on  Dodonaea viscosa; NI-2012-9; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at DMPC  •   6 adult ♂♂, 3 adult ♀♀; Selwyn Pine Road,  Highlands Ecolodge; 8 Jul. 2013; Laurence Mound leg.; on  Dodonaea viscosa; LAM 5744; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at DMPC  •   4 adult ♂♂, 3 adult ♀♀, Taylor’s Road,  Burnt Pine Park; 10 Jul. 2013; Alice Wells leg.; on  Dodonaea viscosa subsp. viscosa; AW- 12-83; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at DMPC  •   2 adult ♂♂, 1 adult ♀; Norfolk Island  Captain Cook’s Landing; 11 Jul. 2013; Alice Wells leg.; on  Dodonaea viscosa subsp. viscosa; AW-12-90; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at DMPC  •   13 adult ♂♂, 9 adult ♀♀; J. E. Road,  Highlands Lodge; 22 Oct. 2013; Alice Wells leg.; on  Dodonaea viscosa; AW-008; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at DMPC  . All paratypes are labelled as “ PARATYPE ♂ - ♀ /  Acizzia aliceae / Percy &amp; Martoni 2025 ” (Printed on blue card).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Although a number of undescribed species of  Acizzia associated with  Dodonaea have been reported recently, and are in the process of being described (McClelland et al. 2025), the only currently described species of  Acizzia associated with  Dodonaea is  Acizzia dodonaeae (Tuthill, 1952) . Geographically, distributions of  A. aliceae and  A. dodonaeae do not overlap, and the two species are easily distinguished morphologically due to the absence of any wing pattern in  A. aliceae . Furthermore, the male parameres of  A. aliceae are broader and less sinuous than those of  A. dodonaeae, while the female proctiger is less arched posteriorly (Tuthill 1952).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Colouration. Adult. Body generally pale to dark green (dried or ethanol-preserved material yellow); dorsum of thorax varying from a dark green to a dark brown (Fig. 12 A – D), pronotum, mesopraescutum and mesoscutum all with longitudinal parallel darker bands. Abdomen lighter coloured. Antennal segments 1 and 2 lighter, segments 3–7 darkening apically, segments 8–10 uniformly dark (Fig. 12 B – D). Wings hyaline, often yellowish, with darker veins and radular areas (Fig. 12 E, F). Male terminalia pale, with paramere tips darker (Fig. 12 A, C). Female terminalia pale, with tip of proctiger darker (Fig. 12 B, D).</p><p>Immature (5 th instar): Body pale green to yellow-green (Fig. 12 G). First four segments of antenna uniformly yellow-green, segments 5, 6, and 7 tending to a darker colour in the apical portion, last three segments of antennae uniformly dark brown-black.</p><p>Structure. Adult. Body relatively large, 2–3 mm from anterior margin of vertex to tip of folded wings (males smaller than females) (Fig. 12 A – D).</p><p>Head (Fig. 13 C – G) in lateral view slightly deflexed downward, wider than thorax, width &lt;0.5 × antennal length, vertex width almost 2 × length, with well-defined cranial suture. Genal processes well developed, conical, diverging and distinctly downturned at apices, length ~ 3 / 4 vertex length, apices rounded, curiously naked patches on the dorsal surface at base lacking setae or microsculpture, similarly naked areas surround the discal foveae on vertex (Fig. 13 D). Clypeus subglobular, terminal proboscis segment short (Fig. 13 F). Antennae 10 - segmented, with segment 3 longest, length of segments 4–8 subequal, and the shorter terminal segments 9 and 10 subequal; a single subapical rhinarium on segments 4, 6, 8, 9, simple, circular, length of two long terminal setae subequal, with both shorter than segment 10 (Fig. 13 G).</p><p>Thorax (Fig. 13 H, I) moderately arched in lateral profile. Hind legs (Fig. 13 J – L) with meracanthus well developed, thorn-like and slightly curved; metafemur shorter than metatibia and with a cluster of 4–6 stout setae subapically on outer lateral surface (Fig. 13 L); metatibia with a single genual spine basally and 1 + 4 (typically with two close together) or occasionally 1 + 3 sclerotised apical spurs surrounded by a crown of 8–10 stout setae; length of metatarsal segments subequal; metabasitarsus with a single outer sclerotised spur.</p><p>Fore wing (Figs 12 E, F, 13 A) length&gt; 2.5 × width, more or less parallel sided, widest in apical half, rounded at apex; pterostigma long and slender; cells m 1 and cu 1 both elongate, but m 1 narrower and more elongate than cu 1, vein Rs long and moderately sinuous, vein M much shorter than Rs and strongly arched; membrane with spinules densely distributed in all cells and with spinule-free bands along veins, marginal radular spinule clusters positioned centrally in cells m 1 and m 2, and in posterior half of cell cu 1 (Fig. 13 B).</p><p>Male terminalia (Fig. 14 A – D) with subgenital plate somewhat elongate, length greater than height, dorsal margin sinuate and ventral margin not evenly rounded (Fig. 14 A, C). Proctiger shorter than paramere, expanded basally into distinct basal posterior lobes that extend outwards from below and around a weakly sclerotised hook-like appendage, upper portion narrow, cylindrical, but tubular only in apical 1 / 3 (Fig. 14 E). Paramere in lateral profile, sinuous, widest in middle, anterior margin medially arched forward and bearing many long setae, posterior margin moderately concave, bearing fewer long setae, apex blunt and directed rearward, moderately sclerotised and bearing two distinctly stout setae subapically on inner surface, otherwise inner surface with scattered short setae, outer surface with few short setae concentrated towards the posterior margin (Fig. 14 A, C, D). Distal segment of aedeagus moderately long, base expanded laterally, apical portion somewhat saccate below a bluntly acute tip and deeply incised dorsum, apical portion ~ 1 / 3 as long as the distal segment length (Fig. 14 B, D).</p><p>Female terminalia (Fig. 14 F – J) short, with proctiger arched dorsally and steeply downturned post anus, covered in numerous long setae in the distal half and terminating in an acute, sclerotised tip (Fig. 14 F), in dorsal view broadly rounded apically; anal ring outline in dorsal view pyriform, narrower anteriorly and broader posteriorly, length ~ 1 / 2 proctiger length, composed of a double row of regular pores (Fig. 14 G, I); subgenital plate shorter than proctiger, length ~ 3 / 4 proctiger length, apex blunt except for a small beak and whole covered in medium to short setae (Fig. 14 F, H); ovipositor dorsal valvulae triangular but with a long narrow extension dorsally, ventral valvulae bearing a single small tooth ventrally (Fig. 14 J). Egg elongate with “ puzzle-piece ” striations over most of the surface, and a short, stout, lateral pedicel 1 / 4 length from base, apical filament apparently lacking (Fig. 14 N).</p><p>Immature (5 th instar): body ~ 1.55 × as long as wide, shape ovoid, wing pads protruding (Fig. 12 G). Setae predominantly a mix of medium to long simple and weakly capitate, with a single long capitate seta at the apex of each wing pad, a few shorter capitate setae on antennae and legs, and abdomen with 4 + 4 long capitate setae (Fig. 12 G). Antenna length ~ 1.3 × head width, 9 - segmented with a single subapical rhinarium on segments 3, 5, 7, and 8, segment 3 longest and approx. equal to length of segments 8 and 9 combined (Fig. 12 G, I). Fore wing pads lacking humeral lobes. Tarsal arolium longer than claws, triangular with unguitractor and long pedicel (Fig. 12 H), claws well developed. Anus in ventral position (Fig. 12 G), circumanal ring shallowly heart-shaped, consisting of a single row of pores (Fig. 12 J).</p><p>Measurements (in mm). Adults (5 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀). Length of body (vertex to terminalia) ♂ 1.66–1.93, ♀ 2.07–2.32; length of body (vertex to apex of folded wings) ♂ 2.33–2.46, ♀ 2.79–2.94; width of head (HW) ♂ 0.56–0.59, ♀ 0.64–0.68; length of genal processes (GCL) ♂ 0.11–0.13, ♀ 0.14–0.17; length of vertex (VL) ♂ 0.15–0.17, ♀ 0.18–0.19; width of vertex (VW) ♂ 0.32–0.36, ♀ 0.39–0.40; length of antenna (AL) ♂ 1.34–1.38, ♀ 1.30–1.38; length of fore wing (WL) ♂ 1.54–1.81, ♀ 2.15–2.19; width of fore wing ♂ 0.59–0.71, ♀ 0.80–0.83; length of hind wing ♂ 1.43–1.66, ♀ 1.80–1.87; length of vein Rs ♂ 1.05–1.13, ♀ 1.36–1.41; length of vein M (M) ♂ 0.59–0.72, ♀ 0.78–0.86; length of vein M 1 + 2 (M 1) ♂ 0.51–0.56, ♀ 0.67–0.75; marginal width of cell m 1 ♂ 0.22–0.24, ♀ 0.26–0.30; marginal width of cell cu 1 ♂ 0.35–0.44, ♀ 0.52–0.54; length of vein Cu 1 b ♂ 0.25–0.30, ♀ 0.30–0.36; value of cell cu 1 ♂ 1.35–1.70, ♀ 1.64–1.89; value of cell m 1 ♂ 2.18–2.54, ♀ 2.40–2.67; length (height) of proctiger (PL) ♂ 0.14–0.19; I length of paramere ♂ 0.18–0.22; length of distal aedeagal segment ♂ 0.17–0.20; length of subgenital plate ♂ 0.23; height of subgenital plate ♂ 0.17–0.19; length of proctiger (PL) ♀ 0.28–0.31; length of circum-anal ring (CL) ♂ 0.13–0.15; length of subgenital plate (SL) ♀ 0.24–0.28. Ratios: GCL: VL ♂ 0.65–0.81, ♀ 0.78–0.94; VL: VW ♂ 0.42–0.53, ♀ 0.45–0.49; VL: HW ♂ 0.26–0.30, ♀ 0.27–0.29; AL: HW ♂ 2.34–2.39, ♀ 2.03; PL: HW ♂ 0.25–0.41, ♀ 0.42–0.48; PL: CL ♀ 1.93–2.23; PL: SL ♀ 1.07–1.17; WL: HW ♂ 2.65–3.12, ♀ 3.21–3.37; WL: WW ♂ 2.44–2.95, ♀ 2.63–2.74; Rs: M ♂ 1.53–1.78, ♀ 1.60–1.74; M 1: M ♂ 0.72–0.95, ♀ 0.78–0.94.</p><p>Immatures (5 th instar, 1 specimen). Length of body 1.43; width of body 0.92; length of antennae 0.76; width of head 0.57.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species epithet was chosen to honour the Australian entomologist, Dr Alice Wells, for her fundamental contribution to entomology in the Austro-Pacific. Dr Wells was likely the first person to collect this species during the 2012–2014 survey (Maynard et al. 2018).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This species is widely distributed on Norfolk Island and is likely present anywhere the host plant is found (Fig. 15).</p><p>Host plant on Norfolk Island.</p><p>Dodonaea viscosa Jacq. ( Sapindales,  Sapindaceae), confirmed by the collection of immatures (Suppl. material 1).</p><p>Conservation.</p><p>This species is considered endemic to Norfolk Island. It specialises on a native host plant,  Dodonaea viscosa, which is widespread in tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions around the world. During this study,  Acizzia aliceae was found to be present within all stands of  Dodonaea viscosa searched on the island, including natural populations and specimens planted ornamentally. It is assumed that this species is widespread across the island and occurs, or can occur, anywhere the host plant is present. Neither species is known from nearby Phillip Island. The EOO ranges from 5.5–42.2 km 2 depending on whether this is calculated based on confirmed occurrence records, or the entire area of Norfolk Island (Fig. 15). The corresponding AOO calculated using a 4 km 2 grid overlay, ranges from 16–64 km 2. There are no known threats facing this species, nor is it known to be undergoing a population or range decline.</p><p>We propose that  A. aliceae warrants a threat status of Least Concern (IUCN, 2012). Its widespread distribution on the island, including within both protected areas and urban and agricultural landscapes, as well as on both natural and planted populations of  D. viscosa suggests it is tolerant of a range of conditions and capable of dispersing between host plant patches. The adaptability of its host plant and its widespread use in garden plantings and hedgerows, suggests its habitat is secure and has likely increased in extent since European colonisation of the island. Despite its relatively small EOO and AOO, there are no known ongoing or potential future threats and so this species does not qualify for any of the threatened categories under any of the criteria (IUCN 2012). However, encouraging planting of  D. viscosa on public and private land, as well as on nearby Phillip Island, would further secure this species.</p><p>DNA resources.</p><p>GenBank COI: MG 988625, cytB: MG 988895. Also represented in the mitogenome analysis of Percy et al. (2018) as: DP 2. idba. 202. The annotated mitochondrial genome was submitted to GenBank for this study (PQ 754209). Additionally, a total of four COI sequences were generated for this study (OR 558301, OR 558302; OR 558308, OR 558309).</p><p>Systematics.</p><p>Related to  Acizzia dodonaeae (Tuthill, 1952) from New Zealand, and both species are in the same subgroup of  Acizzia that includes  A. uncatoides and  A. acaciaebaileyanae (Percy et al. 2018), as well as all but two of the Norfolk Island  Acizzia reported here (Fig. 16).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/40FB2815B957569AB37D133C264A8180	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Martoni, Francesco;Tweed, James M. H.;Blacket, Mark J.;Percy, Diana M.	Martoni, Francesco, Tweed, James M. H., Blacket, Mark J., Percy, Diana M. (2025): An annotated checklist of the psyllids (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) of Norfolk Island with keys to species, new records, and descriptions of two new endemic species. ZooKeys 1238: 297-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1238.124535
5A9053FF33745E9FA9E321861972300C.text	5A9053FF33745E9FA9E321861972300C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudophacopteron aewagriini Percy & Martoni 2025	<div><p>Pseudophacopteron aewagriini Percy &amp; Martoni sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 8, 9, 10</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Norfolk Island, Norfolk Island National Park, Red Road Track, on  Alyxia gynopogon on side of track. Dislodged beating host plant onto tray and collected using entomological aspirator.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: Norfolk Island • 1 adult ♂; Norfolk Island National Park,  Red Road Track; 17 Oct. 2022; Francesco Martoni leg.; on  Alyxia gynopogon; sweeping; entire specimen mounted on card triangle, deposited at VAIC. Labels: “ Norfolk Island N. P. / Red Road Track / 17 - Oct- 2022 F. Martoni / On  Alyxia gynopogon ” (printed on white card); “ HOLOTYPE ♂ /  Pseudophacopteron aewagriini / Percy and Martoni 2025 ” (printed on red card)  .  Paratypes: Norfolk Island • 5 adult ♂♂, 5 adult ♀♀; same data as the holotype, dissected specimens mounted on microscope slides, deposited at VAIC •  1 adult ♂, 2 adult ♀♀; same data as the holotype, entire specimens mounted on card triangle, deposited at ANIC •   16 adult ♂♂, 18 adult ♀♀; Norfolk Island National Park,  Bridle Track; 15 Oct. 2023; James M. H. Tweed leg.; on  Alyxia gynopogon; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at VAIC  •  2 adult ♂♂, 2 adult ♀♀, same as for preceding; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at NHMB • ~   200 immatures; Norfolk Island National Park,  Red Road Track car park; 08 Nov. 2023; James M. H. Tweed leg.; on  Alyxia gynopogon; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at VAIC  •   1 adult ♂, 3 adult ♀♀; Norfolk Island National Park,  Forbidden Track; 20 Feb. 2023; James M. H. Tweed leg.; On  Alyxia gynopogon; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at VAIC  •   3 adult ♂♂; Norfolk Island National Park,  Red Road Track; 15 Oct. 2022; Francesco Martoni leg.; on  Alyxia gynopogon; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at VAIC  •   4 adult ♂♂; Norfolk Island National Park,  Palm Glen; 11 Jul. 2013; Alice Wells leg.; on  Alyxia gynopogon; AW-12-95; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at DMPC  •   3 adult ♂♂, 2 adult ♀♀,; Norfolk Island National Park,  Palm Glen; 22 Oct. 2013; Laurence Mound leg.; on  Alyxia sp.; LAM 5815; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at DMPC  . All paratypes are labelled as “ PARATYPE ♂ - ♀ /  Pseudophacopteron aewagriini / Percy &amp; Martoni 2025 ” (printed on blue card).</p><p>Other material examined.</p><p>Norfolk Island • ~ 20 immatures; Norfolk Island National Park,  Red Road Track; 14 Mar. 2022; Francesco Martoni leg.; on  Alyxia gynopogon; entire specimens preserved in ethanol, deposited at VAIC  . Not included in the type series because they were damaged during a semi-destructive DNA extraction protocol.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The shape of the fore wing of  P. aewagriini, which is elongate and narrow (&gt; 2.6 × longer than wide), as well as the pigmentation pattern, clearly aligns this taxon with other  Pseudophacopteron in the Austro-Pacific region (Malenovský 2008); the type species,  P. tuberculatum Crawford, as well as most other taxa also found on  Apocynaceae host plants, have a fore wing that is pyriform and broad (length &lt;2.6 × width) (Malenovský 2008; Malenovský and Burckhardt 2009; Malenovský et al. 2015). A similar narrow wing morphology to that of  P. aewagriini can be observed in some of the African  Pseudophacopteron species such as  P. nigritulum Malenovský and Burckhardt and  P. wagneri Malenovský and Burckhardt (Malenovský and Burckhardt 2009), but in these cases the vertex lacks a distinct median ridge, and only  P. wagneri is possibly associated with  Apocynaceae . See also the Remarks section below.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Colouration. Adult. Head pale brown. Antennae with segments 1 and 2 brown, segments 3–8 of a very pale brown, and segments 9 and 10 dark brown tending to black. Thorax mostly dark brown but with medial line crossing mesoscutum and mesopraescutum lighter. Legs with dark brown femora and basal part of tibiae, and with pale brown apical part of tibiae and tarsi (Fig. 8 A – D). Fore wings hyaline, with dark brown pattern covering basal 1 / 3 of wing and reaching wing apex in the basal portion of cell r 2 as a band along posterior wing margin, leaving small transparent areas in cells cu 2, cu 1, m 1 and m 2; dark pattern also covering the proximal part of fore wing, reaching the vein C + Sc, crossing the middle of cell c + sc and the bifurcation of stem R + M + Cu (Figs 8 E, F, 9 A, B); fore wing veins pale brown or dark brown in areas covered by dark pattern. Hind wing pale to darker brown basally (Fig. 9 B). Male and female terminalia pale brown to pale yellow. Female proctiger darker on the tip.</p><p>Immature (5 th instar). Body uniformly dark yellow-brown (Fig. 8 G).</p><p>Structure. Adult. Body relatively small, 1.5–1.9 mm from anterior margin of vertex to tip of folded wings (males smaller than females) (Fig. 8 A – D). Head (Figs 8 A – D, 9 D – F, H – J) in lateral view not deflexed downward and held in same plane as body, wider than thorax but narrower than antennal length, vertex width almost 3 × length, with prominent narrow median ridge and two bulges anteriorly either side of ridge, lateral ocelli raised on small tubercles above the plane of vertex, median epicranial suture reduced. Genae (Fig. 9 E, F) small, weakly swollen, genal tubercles below toruli small and acute, prominent in lateral profile. Clypeus (Fig. 9 G) subglobular, terminal proboscis segment short. Antenna (Fig. 9 H) with ten segments, segment 3 longest with segments 4–8 of subequal length, widening slightly from base to apex, segment 9 slightly shorter and wider apically, while segment 10 very short, &lt;1 / 2 the length of segments 3–8 and ~ 1 / 2 the length of segment 9; a single subapical rhinarium on each of segments 4–9, large, elliptical and fringed by cuticular spines; terminal setae unequal, with longer seta reaching 0.1 mm, shorter seta between 1 / 2–2 / 3 length of longer and approx. as long as segments 9 and 10 combined.</p><p>Thorax (Fig. 9 I – K) moderately arched, mesoscutum with reduced microsculpture and pigmentation in medial depression. Mesotibia with subapical comb of ≤ 6 stout setae. Hind legs (Fig. 9 M – O) with small, acute and slightly curved meracanthus; metafemur constricted medially, length subequal to metatibia; metatibia without genual spine basally, with an open crown of seven unsclerotised spurs apically and ≤ 12 stout lateral setae more slender than apical spurs; metabasitarsus subglobular, approx. as long as broad, slightly shorter than apical tarsus, with two sclerotised lateral spurs.</p><p>Fore wing (Figs 8 E, F, 9 A, B) elongate, 2.6–2.8 × longer than wide, much wider in apical half, rounded at apex; cell m 1 narrower and more elongate than cell cu 1, vein M approx. as long as vein Rs to the point it meets vein M 1 + 2 and only slightly arched; membrane with dispersed spinules distributed in all cells and with spinule-free bands along veins, radular spinules concentrated into small triangular fields in outer pigmented corners of apical cells cu 1, m 2, m 1, and the adjacent corner of r 2 (Fig. 9 C).</p><p>Male terminalia (Fig. 10 A – C) with subgenital plate subglobular, dorsal margin slightly sinuate and posteriorly bearing several long stout setae; proctiger relatively slender, cylindrical, in lateral profile straight except apex which is slightly bent posteriorly; parameres simple, shorter than proctiger, in lateral profile parallel sided and more or less straight, apex bluntly rounded and slightly bent posteriorly, inner surface with a weakly produced and marginally sclerotized tooth subapically; outer and inner surface covered with fine setae and a few slightly stouter setae subapically. Distal segment of aedeagus relatively short, apical portion ~ 1 / 3 as long as the distal segment length, somewhat elongate, broadly globular, unhooked but angled downward, apex rounded.</p><p>Female terminalia (Fig. 10 D – G) with proctiger much longer than subgenital plate, narrowing to bluntly acute apex covered in stout setae, anal ring narrowly oval with the outline in profile and dorsal view irregular, composed of a double row of intermittently irregular pores, anal ring length ~ 1 / 3 proctiger length; subgential plate ~ 2 / 3 proctiger length, narrowing to a truncate, weakly incised apex; ovipositor dorsal valvulae triangular, ventral valvulae finely serrate with a series of shallow teeth ventrally.</p><p>Immature (5 th instar): body ~ 1.75 × as long as wide, relatively large in size compared to the adult, shape narrowly oval, dorso-ventrally flattened, wing pads not protruding (Fig. 8 G). Entire margin of head, wing pads and abdomen ringed with longitudinally ridged, truncate marginal setae with apices raggedly uneven (Fig. 8 G). Antenna short, length ~ 0.32–0.45 × head width, with ~ 7 indistinct subdivisions (rhinaria not clearly visible). Fore wing pads lacking distinct humeral lobes, but with slight anterior bulges. Tarsal arolium shorter than claws, membranous, fan-shaped with unguitractor, claws well developed (Fig. 8 H). Anus in ventral position (Fig. 8 G), circumanal ring shallowly V-shaped, antero-posteriorly constricted and slightly sinuous, consisting of a single row of elongate pores (Fig. 8 I).</p><p>Measurements (in mm). Adults (5 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀). Length of body (vertex to terminalia) ♂ 1.01–1.17, ♀ 1.22–1.35; length of body (vertex to apex of folded wings) ♂ 1.55–1.80, ♀ 1.78–1.93; width of head (HW) ♂ 0.37–0.42, ♀ 0.40–0.45; length of antenna (AL) ♂ 0.40–0.44, ♀ 0.47–0.51; longer antennal terminal seta length (T 1) ♂ 0.06–0.09, ♀ 0.07–0.10; shorter antennal terminal seta length (T 2) ♂ 0.03–0.05, ♀ 0.04–0.06; length of antennal segments 9 and 10 together (TS) ♂ 0.05–0.06, ♀ 0.06–0.07; length of fore wing (WL) ♂ 1.27–1.40, ♀ 1.40–1.57; width of fore wing (WW) ♂ 0.45–0.52, ♀ 0.51–0.58; length of line connecting base of vein C + Sc and apex of vein R 1 (CS) ♂ 0.51–0.58, ♀ 0.59–0.65; length of line connecting base of vein C + Sc and costal break (CB) ♂ 0.46–0.52, ♀ 0.51–0.59; length of line connecting the touching point of veins Rs and M 1 + 2 and apex of Rs (a) ♂ 0.17–0.21, ♀ 0.20–0.25; length of line connecting the touching point of veins Rs and M 1 + 2 and apex of M 1 + 2 (b) ♂ 0.41–0.45, ♀ 0.47–0.54; length of line connecting apices of veins Rs and M 1 + 2 (c) ♂ 0.36–0.41, ♀ 0.40–0.48; length of line connecting apices of veins Cu 1 a and Cu 1 b (d) ♂ 0.34–0.38, ♀ 0.38–0.44; length of line connecting base and apex of vein Cu 1 b (e) ♂ 0.12–0.14, ♀ 0.13–0.16; metatibia length (TL) ♂ 0.25–0.31, ♀ 0.28–0.35; male proctiger length (MP) ♂ 0.10; paramere length (PL) ♂ 0.08–0.10; length of distal segment of aedeagus (DL) ♂ 0.08–0.09; female proctiger length (FP) ♀ 0.23–0.27; female subgenital plate length (SL) ♀ 0.14–0.19. Ratios: AL: HW ♂ 1.00–1.19, ♀ 1.13–1.19; T 1: TS ♂ 1.20–1.60, ♀ 1.14–1.17; T 1: T 2 ♂ 1.60–2.00, ♀ 1.50–1.75; WL: HW ♂ 3.28–3.43, ♀ 3.49–3.58; WL: WW ♂ 2.69–2.84, ♀ 2.64–2.80; CB: CS ♂ 0.86–0.91, ♀ 0.86–0.91; a: b ♂ 0.40–0.51, ♀ 0.39–0.52; a: c ♂ 0.45–0.58, ♀ 0.44–0.63; d: e ♂ 2.64–2.83, ♀ 2.56–3.00; TL: HW ♂ 0.68–0.74, ♀ 0.70–0.78; MP: HW ♂ 0.24–0.27; PL: HW ♂ 0.19–0.24; DL: HW ♂ 0.21–0.22; FP: HW ♀ 0.57–0.63; SL: FP ♀ 0.35–0.42.</p><p>Immatures (5 th instar, n = 4). Length of body 1.50–1.60; width of body 0.88–0.96; length of antennae 0.17–0.25; width of head 0.54–0.56.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The name epithet uses the Norf’k (local resident language spoken on Norfolk Island) word “ aewagriin ” that refers to the host plant,  Alyxia gynopogon, known on Norfolk Island as the Evergreen. The name is treated as a Latinised noun, gender masculine, in genitive case. This name was chosen by receiving multiple nominations during the Norfolk Island Flora and Fauna Society meeting, held on Norfolk Island on the 10 June 2023. Members of the society remarked on the importance of such a species that has managed to “ hairng orn ” (hold its place) on Norfolk Island.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This species is the only  Pseudophacopteron present on Norfolk Island, and has been recorded from locations throughout Norfolk Island National Park (Fig. 15). The species has also been recorded within Selwyn Reserve, a Norfolk Island Regional Council reserve which adjoins the western border of the National Park (G. Maynard, pers. comm. 2024; Fig. 15). The distribution of this species is limited by the distribution of the host plant, which although common within the National Park, is scarce across the rest of the island group. No specimens have been found on the few plants that have been located and inspected outside of the National Park and Selwyn Reserve and it is likely  P. aewagriini is confined to the National Park and its immediate surrounds.</p><p>Host plant on Norfolk Island.</p><p>Alyxia gynopogon Roem. &amp; Schuit. ( Gentianales,  Apocynaceae).</p><p>Conservation.</p><p>This species is considered endemic to Norfolk Island, as is its host plant,  Alyxia gynopogon . The host is not currently regarded as threatened, however, it is almost entirely confined to Norfolk Island National Park, with only scattered specimens known from other areas of the island. Neither species is known from nearby Phillip Island. Despite searching,  P. aewagriini is known only from the National Park and the adjoining Selwyn Reserve, meaning the EOO ranges from 1.3–6.8 km 2, based on either confirmed occurrence records, or the entire area of the National Park, Botanic Gardens, and Selwyn Reserve (Fig. 15). The corresponding AOO calculated using a 4 km 2 grid overlay, ranges from 16–20 km 2. The range reduction suffered by this species following European colonisation is likely to have ceased in 1984 following the establishment of the National Park. It is likely that  A. gynopogon and  P. aewagriini increased in range slightly following the cessation of grazing by cattle within the National Park. The species is not known to be undergoing a population or range decline, nor is it known to be facing any ongoing threats. However, Norfolk Island National Park and Selwyn Reserve have been identified as being highly vulnerable to wildfire under optimal fire conditions which could destroy a large proportion of the habitat for  P. aewagriini, particularly given Norfolk Island’s ecosystems are not fire-adapted (Eco Logical Australia 2021). Predicted drying of Norfolk Island’s climate (Petheram et al. 2020) exacerbates the risk of wildfire, and may also reduce the quality of the rainforest inhabited by this species and its host plant. Invasive Argentine ants ( Linepithema humile) are established on the island and although they are subject to an extensive control and eradication effort (NIRC 2021) their spread into the National Park could impact  P. aewagriini populations.</p><p>We propose that  P. aewagriini warrants a threat classification of Vulnerable under criterion D 2 (IUCN 2012). This species is known from only a single location but is not currently known or suspected to be undergoing continuing decline or extreme fluctuation in its range or population size. However, it has an EOO of 16–20 km 2 and plausible future threats in the form of wildfire which could destroy much of its habitat, ongoing reduction of habitat quality due to predicted climate drying, and Argentine ant invasion. As such, this species could quickly be driven to Critically Endangered under Criteria B if these threats were to materialise (IUCN 2012). Consideration should be given to establishing populations of  A. gynopogon and  P. aewagriini in other areas of Norfolk Island, as well as on nearby Phillip Island, to increase the security of both species.</p><p>DNA resources.</p><p>GenBank COI: MG 988815, MG 988814, cytB: MG 989134, MG 989135. Also represented in the mitogenome analysis of Percy et al. (2018) as: DP 1. idba. 137, and the annotated mitochondrial genome is in GenBank: MG 989234 (Percy et al. 2018; see also Fig. 16). Additionally, a total of four COI sequences were generated for this study (OR 558312 – OR 558315; Table 1).</p><p>Systematics.</p><p>This species may be related to  Pseudophacopteron tuberculatum (Crawford, 1912) which is native to China, southeast Asia, and Papua New Guinea (PNG) and induces closed galls on the leaves of  Alstonia ( Apocynaceae; Percy et al. 2016; Luo et al. 2018), the same plant family as  Alyxia . Although Luo et al. (2018) noted that there are no morphological characters suggesting that all  Pseudophacopteron species developing on  Apocynaceae constitute a monophyletic group, the molecular data do support  P. aewagriini from Norfolk Island and  P. tuberculatum (COI GenBank sample MH 769661) as likely being in the same clade. Unfortunately, the backbone analysis currently involves inclusion of more short (and non-overlapping) sequences than there are taxa in the original mitogenome data, which makes a rigorous backbone analysis not possible at this time. Morphologically, there are some shared traits with two species described from Brazil,  P. aspidospermi Malenovský et al., 2015 and  P. longicaudatum Malenovský et al., 2015, which produce closed leaf galls on  Aspidosperma ( Apocynaceae) (Malenovský et al. 2015); but overall, more systematic data on this group in the Austro-Pacific region are needed for conclusions to be made.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species is the first described  Pseudophacopteron species known to be associated with  Alyxia ( Apocynaceae). The related  Pseudophacopteron tuberculatum is considered a serious pest of plantations of  Alstonia scholaris ( Apocynaceae) in the Philippines (Braza and Calilung 1981). The host plant of  P. aewagriini,  Alyxia gynopogon, is a Norfolk Island endemic, evergreen understory shrub, which is relatively common within the National Park. The galling of leaves by  P. aewagriini, inducing the characteristic open pit galls on the leaves (Fig. 7 A – C), does not appear to be overly detrimental to the host. Hollis (2004) and Malenovský (2008) reported the presence of an unnamed species of  Pseudophacopteron on Lord Howe Island, where there are three species of  Alyxia: the endemic  A. lindii and  A. squamulosa, and the native  A. ruscifolia . A number of  Pseudophacopteron species associated with  Alyxia, not yet formally described, have been reported from Western Australia (iNaturalist observation 138485676), Queensland (Malenovský 2008, iNaturalist observation 154392985) and South Australia (G. S. Taylor, pers. comm. 2023). Informal descriptions of two of these species were included in the PhD thesis of Malenovský (2008). These two species are close to  Pseudophacopteron aewagriini and all three species belong to the same “ narrow-winged ” clade identified by Malenovský (2008), which also includes a  Pseudophacopteron sp. from Papua New Guinea, another species from both Papua New Guinea and Sulawesi, and a third species from Costa Rica (Malenovský 2008). Malenovský (2008) also noted that the two species from Queensland and Lord Howe Island can be separated from the remaining taxa in the “ narrow-winged ” clade by the presence of a distinct median ridge and anterior bulges or tubercles on the vertex, and these characteristics are shared with  P. aewagriini (Fig. 9 D, E, H).  Pseudophacopteron aewagriini can be differentiated from the undescribed taxa occurring in Queensland and Lord Howe Island in the relative length of the paired apical antennal setae, with the two undescribed species showing these setae to be of similar or slightly unequal length, while in  P. aewagriini the shorter seta is between 1 / 2–2 / 3 length of the longest seta (Fig. 9 H). The fore wing of  P. aewagriini is distinct in appearing intermediate between the two undescribed species. The overall fore wing structure and shape of  P. aewagriini is more similar to the Queensland species but is less narrow as in the Lord Howe Island species. The basal fore wing markings are more similar to that of the Lord Howe Island taxon, without a distinct unpigmented area alongside vein M + Cu, but more similar to the Queensland taxon in the marginal fore wing markings which have larger unpigmented spots in cells cu 1, m 1 and m 2. The extent of marginal pigmentation in cell r 2 is reduced in  P. aewagriini compared to either of the undescribed Australian species. Additionally,  P. aewagriini shares the seven unsclerotised apical spurs on the metatibia with the Lord Howe Island taxon, versus 11 in the Queensland taxon.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A9053FF33745E9FA9E321861972300C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Martoni, Francesco;Tweed, James M. H.;Blacket, Mark J.;Percy, Diana M.	Martoni, Francesco, Tweed, James M. H., Blacket, Mark J., Percy, Diana M. (2025): An annotated checklist of the psyllids (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) of Norfolk Island with keys to species, new records, and descriptions of two new endemic species. ZooKeys 1238: 297-348, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1238.124535
