taxonID	type	description	language	source
3EBFD6382B7C5B2183CAEA8B664E9604.taxon	description	Figs 2 B, 15, 16	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
3EBFD6382B7C5B2183CAEA8B664E9604.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Minor Asia (Turkey), the west Caucasus (Abkhazia) and Crimea (Nadolny and Kovblyuk 2007).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
1A52DEA66BCB5F888C7EAEBD8F44FE56.taxon	description	Fig. 2 A	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
1A52DEA66BCB5F888C7EAEBD8F44FE56.taxon	distribution	Distribution. It is found in natural habitats in Krasnodar Territory, Russia. Also, reported from Ukraine and Russia (the Urals) as a synanthropic species (Nadolny and Turbanov 2014; Esyunin 2017).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
07BFCA93AA7B5A61B6AD3DD63F76650D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Transpalaearctic polyzonal (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
D20742D1A40C54F4ACEB8B852903B6E7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. West Palearctic nemoral-subtropical: from the Canaries to Azerbaijan and from Central Europe to Algeria (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
DBA620318A5C577DA41160A516238B14.taxon	description	Fig. 6 C, D	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
DBA620318A5C577DA41160A516238B14.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The Crimean-Caucasian disjunctive: Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Adygea, Russia. The species has been recorded from Crimea for the first time, with the Crimean Mountains being currently the westernmost part of its range (Tanasevitch et al. 2015; present data).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
AF2939BE8B725B6BA73B1C6DFC17B210.taxon	description	Figs 6 E, F, 7, 8, 9	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
AF2939BE8B725B6BA73B1C6DFC17B210.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Bisetifer tactus sp. nov. has reduced eyes (Figs 7 A – F, 8 A – D) (vs other congeners, B. cephalotus and B. gruzin, have well developed eyes, see Tanasevitch et al. 2015: figs 1 – 6). Additionally, B. tactus sp. nov. differs from its congeners in having: 1) the embolus hidden between radix and distal suprategular apophysis (Figs 8 G, H, 9 A, C, D) (vs not hidden, well visible, see Tanasevitch et al. 2015: figs 7, 19); 2) the hook-shaped and pointed apical part of radix (Figs 8 G, 9 C) (vs conical in B. cephalotus and flat in B. gruzin, see Tanasevitch et al. 2015: figs 9, 14, 23, 28 – 29); 3) the distal suprategular apophysis without a complicated arrangement of apophyses, with barbs on its edge (Figs 8 G, 9 A, C, D) (vs with apophyses, without barbs, see Tanasevitch et al. 2015: figs 7, 19); 4) the oval posterior edge of epigyne (Figs 6 E, 9 E) (vs with nipple-shaped outgrowths in B. cephalotus, with bow-shaped outgrowths in B. gruzin, see Fig. 6 B, C and Tanasevitch et al. 2015: figs 17, 30).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
AF2939BE8B725B6BA73B1C6DFC17B210.taxon	description	Description. Male. Total length 1.5. Carapace 0.63 long, 0.5 wide, pale brown; modified as in Figs 7 D, E, 8 C, D: head part conical, with setae. Eyes reduced, almost completely disappeared (head part with small pale spots, visible under light microscope; no lens visible under SEM). Chelicerae 0.31, brownish, transverse shallow cuticular grooves throughout the basal segment. Legs pale brown, chaetotaxy 2.2.1.1, metatarsi I – IV spineless, metatarsi IV without trichobothrium, TmI 0.35, leg I 2.47 long (0.69 + 0.18 + 0.63 + 0.52 + 0.45), leg IV 2.53 long (0.71 + 0.17 + 0.69 + 0.54 + 0.42). Palp as in Figs 8 F – I, 9 A – D: tibia with a ventro-retrolateral apophysis and two large setae on its tip, distally setae poorly serrate; paracymbium L-shaped; distal suprategular apophysis – flat, curved, and pointed, with barbs on its anterior edge; embolus small, situated in a cavity between distal suprategular apophysis and radix; apical part of radix hook-shaped and pointed distally, well-sclerotised process, retrolaterally with membrane. Abdomen pale grey. Female. Total length 1.58. Carapace 0.77 long, 0.59 wide; unmodified. Eyes reduced, almost completely disappeared (head part with small pale spots, clearly visible under light microscope; a few poorly developed lenses visible under SEM). Chelicerae 0.36, transverse shallow cuticular grooves throughout the basal segment. TmI 0.44. Leg I 2.64 long (0.73 + 0.21 + 0.7 + 0.54 + 0.46), leg IV 2.78 long (0.8 + 0.2 + 0.77 + 0.59 + 0.42). Body colouration and spination as in the male. Epigyne as in Figs 6 E, F, 9 E – G: epigynal plate oval, with lateral outgrowths in which copulatory ducts open; spermathecae consists of two parts: base with copulatory duct and head with receptacle and fertilisation duct; cavity of receptacle subdivided on ventral and dorsal parts.	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
AF2939BE8B725B6BA73B1C6DFC17B210.taxon	distribution	Distribution and records from the Crimean caves. Map (Fig. 17 B – purple circle). Only known from the type locality: Tshernoretshenskaya Cave, nr Sevastopol.	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
AF2939BE8B725B6BA73B1C6DFC17B210.taxon	etymology	Etymology. From the Latin tactus, meaning touch, due to the fact that this species has the strongly reduced eyes and its life style as a true troglobiont relies on tactile sensations.	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
1974A44326095F72B646188D884B9FF3.taxon	description	Figs 1 C, 10	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
1974A44326095F72B646188D884B9FF3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral-subtropical: Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, the southern part of European Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan (Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
0D4CC27275D756DD8057C2A21F3DDF0D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Circum-Holarctic polyzonal (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
2E38735CCDDB599BA998C889DA6E1078.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Holarctic polyzonal (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
87107F5CCE545FA1A3EE59607B22745A.taxon	description	Fig. 1 D	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
87107F5CCE545FA1A3EE59607B22745A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral: from Central Europe to West Siberia and from Finland to Iran (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
B19DBE2157A653C28DA288AFE5752E46.taxon	description	Fig. 2 E – G	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
B19DBE2157A653C28DA288AFE5752E46.taxon	distribution	Distribution. West Palearctic nemoral-subtropical: from Portugal to Georgia and from Britain to North Africa (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
65C01FCF09925018B3E01E69734C697E.taxon	description	Fig. 2 C, D	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
65C01FCF09925018B3E01E69734C697E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. West and Central Palaearctic polyzonal: from Portugal to the Altai Mts and from Scandinavia to Iran (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
CEEF2C791E1C50B0BC5E0E1A35B6B64E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Transpalaearctic polyzonal (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
9038DAF3A72856A9B6AF5BA26650482A.taxon	description	Fig. 1 E	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
9038DAF3A72856A9B6AF5BA26650482A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. East Mediterranean: Greece, Turkey, Ukraine, the south part of European Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Iran. Crimea lies at the northernmost limit of the species range (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
8E90EFAB55185ECFA7634400847350DE.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Cosmopolite (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
1959401C45475FABB67048AADF843DDB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Cosmopolite (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
16C19A9BA9615477A6E3687D9C8F01F2.taxon	description	Fig. 1 A	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
16C19A9BA9615477A6E3687D9C8F01F2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. East European nemoral: Ukraine and the south part of European Russia. The Crimea represents the southernmost limit of the species range (Kovblyuk 2004 b; Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
1D688E5E5AFB5F0FA15303577D4070B1.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Cosmopolite (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
D814A71665925C97B8D19E1C031F3FFD.taxon	description	Figs 1 B, 3, 4, 5	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
D814A71665925C97B8D19E1C031F3FFD.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Endemic of the Crimean Mountains (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015). However, there is a dubious record from Georgia (Mkheidze 1997), which has never been confirmed by any collected material (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
1DAB96955CE156FC97246F5BFB6C6045.taxon	distribution	Distribution. West Palearctic polyzonal: from Portugal to the European part of Russia and from Scandinavia to Turkey (Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
2E726BCE86755DF2A70F494A399CD036.taxon	description	Figs 1 F, 11, 12, 13, 14	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
2E726BCE86755DF2A70F494A399CD036.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Troglohyphantes exspectatus sp. nov. is most similar to the Bulgarian endemic T. drenskii Deltshev, 1973 (the salax group sensu Deeleman-Reinhold 1978). Two species can be easily distinguished by the eyes (in T. exspectatus sp. nov. well developed, with black pigmentation around, see Fig. 11 A, B vs strongly reduced, without pigmentation in T. drenskii, see Deltshev 1973: fig. 1) and the clypeus (in T. exspectatus sp. nov. without modifications vs concave, with modification in T. drenskii, see Deltshev 1973: fig. 1). Structures of male palps are almost identical in both species and differ in details of the cymbium (cf. Figs 11 D, E, 12 C, D and Deltshev 1973: figs 2, 4). Epigynes differ in the shape of scape: ventral max / min width ratio in T. exspectatus sp. nov. 1.9 and in T. drenskii 2.9 (cf. Fig. 11 C and Deltshev 1973: fig. 7).	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
2E726BCE86755DF2A70F494A399CD036.taxon	description	Description. Male (paratype). Total length 2.12. Carapace 0.98 long, 0.88 wide, yellow. Palps, chelicerae, and legs yellow. Basal chelicerae segment 0.52 long. Leg I length: femur 1.9, patella 0.3, tibia 2.18, metatarsus 2.15, tarsus 1.18, TLL 7.71. Leg II length: femur 1.85, patella 0.3, tibia 2.0, metatarsus 1.92, tarsus 1.05, TLL 7.12. Leg III length: femur 1.55, patella 0.28, tibia 1.48, metatarsus 1.5, tarsus 0.8, TLL 5.61. Leg IV length: femur 1.85, patella 0.28, tibia 1.9, metatarsus 1.88, tarsus 1.0, TLL 6.91. Leg I spination: femur one dorsal and one prolateral spine; tibia two dorsal, two prolateral and two retrolateral spines; metatarsus one dorsal spine. Leg II spination: femur one dorsal spine; tibia two dorsal and one retrolateral spine; metatarsus one dorsal spine. Leg III spination: femur one dorsal spine; tibia two dorsal spines; metatarsus one dorsal spine. Leg IV spination: femur no spine; tibia one dorsal spine; metatarsus no spine. Metatarsi IV without trichobothrium. TmI 0.14. Palp as in Figs 11 D, E, 12 A – K, 13 A, B: cymbium has two processes (prolateral and posterior), two furrows (dorsal and prolateral), rounded deflection in anterior-retrolateral edge, with hollows and ridges in retrolaleral part; paracymbium with two shallow furrows closely situated to each other; suprategular apophysis with a ridge; F-shaped proximal part of radix (two lobes and one small apophysis); median membrane joined with the proximal part of radix dorsally; the distal part of radix with flat pointed terminal apophysis; lamella characteristica with two sclerotised branches, clearly distinct when palp is expanded; embolus with a serrate area dorsally and a keel on prolateral side; cymbium length / width ratio 1.3 (same ratio with and without apophyses). Eyes normal. Abdomen grey. Female. Total length 1.92. Carapace 0.88 long, 0.78 wide. Basal chelicerae segment 0.6 long. Leg I length: femur 1.68, patella 0.29, tibia 1.82, metatarsus 1.64, tarsus 0.98, TLL 6.41. Leg II length: femur 1.6, patella 0.29, tibia 1.66, metatarsus 1.51, tarsus 0.89, TLL 5.95. Leg III length: femur 1.35, patella 0.25, tibia 1.2, metatarsus 1.18, tarsus 0.68, TLL 4.66. Leg IV length: femur 1.6, patella 0.25, tibia 1.56, metatarsus 1.46, tarsus 0.81, TLL 5.68. Leg I spination: femur one dorsal and one prolateral spine; tibia one dorsal, one prolateral, one retrolateral, and four ventral spines; metatarsus one dorsal spine. Leg II spination: femur one dorsal spine; tibia two dorsal, one retrolateral and two ventral spines; metatarsus two dorsal spines. Leg II spination: femur one dorsal spine; tibia two dorsal spines; metatarsus two dorsal spines. Leg IV spination: femur no spine; tibia two dorsal spines; metatarsus no spine. Metatarsi IV without trichobothrium. TmI 0.15. Epigyne as in Figs 11 C, 14 A – C: in ventral view scape resembling a shape of water drop with truncated anterior side; posterior plate in caudal view looks bifurcated, each branch with two rounded protrusions; posteriorly sides of epigyne folded and terminate with posterior lobes, directed towards each other. Body colouration as in male.	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
2E726BCE86755DF2A70F494A399CD036.taxon	distribution	Distribution and records from the Crimean caves. Map (Fig. 17 B – yellow circle). Only known from the type locality: Druzhba Cave on Mortsheka Mt. in the SW part of Ai-Petri Yaila.	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
2E726BCE86755DF2A70F494A399CD036.taxon	etymology	Etymology. From the Latin exspectatus, meaning expected, due to the fact that we have not come across adult males of this species for a long time, but only females, subadult males, and juveniles.	en	Nadolny, Anton A., Turbanov, Ilya S. (2025): A review of cave spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Crimean Mountains, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1230: 37-80, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1230.137029
