identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
BB06B339FFBBFFA1FF0EFF13FBF2FDF0.text	BB06B339FFBBFFA1FF0EFF13FBF2FDF0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista humilis Walker 1854	<div><p>The Miltochrista humilis species-group</p><p>Diagnosis. The male genitalia of the species-group are characterised by the weakly sclerotised tegumen with narrow arms, the well-developed distal costal process separated from the valvula, the smooth and simple distal saccular process, and the phallus vesica bearing one or two blade- or thorn-shaped cornuti. In the female genitalia, the antrum is large and heavily sclerotised, the corpus bursae has a posterior section having a broad sclerotised plate and bearing clusters of robust spines posteriorly, and the anterior section of the corpus bursae is densely covered with minute spinules. The 7 th abdominal female sternite bears lateral sclerotised and gelatinous pockets that receive the distal processes of the male valva during copulation.</p><p>Note. The species-group is considered here in wide sense. The volume of this taxonomically difficult complex remains unclear and will be clarified later in the separate paper. Currently we can assign with the group the taxa listed below.</p><p>Species content of the M. humilis species-group in alphabetical order</p><p>(Species occurring in India are marked with an asterisk)</p><p>– M. acteola (Swinhoe, 1903) (TL: [Thailand, Saraburi] Siam, Muok-Lek)</p><p>– M. acutiseriata (Holloway, 2001) (TL: Brunei, Pengkalan Batu Agr. Stn)</p><p>– M. apiseriata (Holloway, 2001) (TL: [Malaysia] Sarawak, Gunong Mulu Nat. Park, G. Api)</p><p>– M. artocarpi Moore, 1878 * (TL: India, Darjeeling)</p><p>– M. asphida Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang &amp; Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: S Laos, 27 km ENE of Pakse, near Tad Fane waterfall)</p><p>– M. aureata (Rothschild, 1913) * (TL: India, Khasi Hills)</p><p>– M. banlanga Volynkin &amp; Černý, 2023 (TL: SW Thailand, Chumphon Prov., Pa Toh, Ban Lang Tang)</p><p>– M. biseriata (Hampson, 1900) (TL: [Malaysia] Borneo, Sandakan)</p><p>– M. butleri (Leech, [1889]), stat. rev. (TL: Japan, Nagasaki)</p><p>– M. cataplictica Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang &amp; Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: S Laos, 27 km ENE of Pakse, near Tad Fane waterfall)</p><p>– M. cingula (Černý, 2009) (described in Černý &amp; Pinratana 2009) (TL: SE Thailand, Chanthaburi, Bar Ta Moon)</p><p>– M. conthytera Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang &amp; Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: China, Sichuan, Qingchenghoushan Mts.)</p><p>– M. creatina creatina (Snellen, 1879) (TL: [Indonesia, Sulawesi] Takalar, Mangkasar, Bonthain)</p><p>– M. creatina javanica (van Eecke, 1920) (TL: [Indonesia] Java, Batavia)</p><p>– M. dagmarae dagmarae (Černý, 2016) (TL: Laos, prov. Khammouane, Muang Khai)</p><p>– M. dagmarae anaptigmena Volynkin &amp; Černý, 2022 (TL: SE Thailand, Ubon Ratchatani, border of Nam Yuem NP)</p><p>– M. dharma (Moore, 1879) * (TL: [India, Himachal Pradesh] Dharmsala, N.W. Himalaya)</p><p>= Asura lacteoflava lacteoflava Rothschild, 1913 (TL: [N India, Himachal Pradesh, Chamba District] “Dalhousie, N.W. India ”)</p><p>– M. diasticta Volynkin &amp; Černý, 2022 * (TL: NE India, Assam, Nambor Reserve Forest, Garampani)</p><p>– M. discistriga (Moore, 1878) * (TL: India, Darjeeling)</p><p>– M. ehyrosta Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang &amp; Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: N Vietnam, Vĩnh Phúc Prov., Tam Dao Range)</p><p>– M. eos (Hampson, 1900) (TL: [Indonesia] Java, Malang)</p><p>– M. ephimeces Volynkin, Černý, N. Singh, Kirti, Datta &amp; S. Singh, sp. nov. * (TL: NE India, Assam)</p><p>– M. excaviseriata (Holloway, 2001) (TL: [Malaysia] Sarawak, Gunong Mulu Nat. Park)</p><p>– M. explanata Bucsek, 2020 (TL: Laos, Houaphanh Prov., Mt. Phu Pane)</p><p>– M. falcihumilis N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016 * (described in Kirti &amp; Singh 2016) (TL: India, Mizoram, Thingsul)</p><p>– M. falciseriata (Holloway, 2001) (TL: [Malaysia] Sabah, Poring)</p><p>– M. flavorosea Bucsek, 2020 (TL: Laos, Houaphanh Prov., Mt. Phu Pane)</p><p>– M. furcata (Reich, 1936) * (TL: India, Darjeeling, Terriai Sikkim)</p><p>– M. gopaldhara Volynkin, Černý, N. Singh, Kirti, Datta &amp; S. Singh, sp. nov. * (TL: [India, West Bengal] Gopaldhara, Mirik)</p><p>– M. humilis Walker, 1854 (TL: Myanmar, Moulmein) = Lyclene semicirculata Heylaerts, 1891 (TL: [Indonesia] Java, Préanger)</p><p>– M. jaroslavae Černý, 2016 (TL: C Thailand, Phetchabun, border of Nam Nao NP) – M. carcharias Volynkin, Černý, N. Singh, Kirti, Datta &amp; S. Singh, sp. nov. * (TL: India, Sikkim, Pemayangtse) – M. khammouanea Bucsek, 2020 (TL: Laos, Khammouane Prov., Nakai env.) – M. kravchenkoi Volynkin, Saldaitis &amp; Müller, 2022 * (described in Volynkin et al. 2022c) (TL: Myanmar, Chin State, Mount Victoria)</p><p>– M. lineidistincta (Bucsek, 2012) (TL: Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands) – M. mawphlang N. Singh, Kirti, Datta, S. Singh, Volynkin &amp; Černý, sp. nov. * (India, Cherrapunji) – M. mediobliqua (Wu, Fu &amp; Chang, 2013) (Taiwan, Hualien County, Cien) – M. neoseriata N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016 * (described in Kirti &amp; Singh 2016) (TL: India, Assam, Jatinga)</p><p>= Miltochrista pseudoseriata N. Singh, Kirti &amp; Joshi, 2016, syn. nov. (described in Kirti &amp; Singh 2016) (TL: India, Assam, Jatinga)</p><p>– M. nubilalis (Hampson, 1894) * (TL: India, Ganjam) – M. nuiba Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang &amp; Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: S Vietnam, Lâm Đồng Prov., Tây Nguyên Highlands)</p><p>– M. orsova (Swinhoe, 1903) (TL: [Thailand, Saraburi] Siam, Muok-Lek) – M. pachia Volynkin, Saldaitis &amp; Müller, 2022 (described in Volynkin et al. 2022c) (Myanmar, Chin State, Mount Victoria)</p><p>– M. parallelina Hampson, 1894 (TL: Myanmar, East Pegu) – M. parallelinaformis Bucsek, 2020 (TL: Laos, Houaphanh Prov., Mt. Phu Pane) – M. paraseriata N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016 * (TL: India, Sikkim, Aritar) – M. parvulus Bucsek, 2020 (TL: Laos, Khammouane Prov., Nakai env.) – M. phantasma (Hampson, 1907) * (TL: India, Andaman Islands) – M. phupana Volynkin &amp; Černý, 2023 (TL: E Thailand, Sakhon Nakhon Prov., Phu Pan NP) – M. pingera (Bucsek, 2012) (TL: Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands) – M. postseriata (Holloway, 2001) (TL: [Malaysia] Sarawak: Gunong Mulu Nat. Park, G. Api)</p><p>= Lyclene jeremyhollowayi Bucsek, 2014 (TL: Malaysia, Perak, North Cameron Highlands) – M. primaria Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang &amp; Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: N Vietnam, Mt. Fan-si-pan, N side) – M. qingchenga Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang &amp; Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: China, Sichuan Prov., Mt. Qingchengshan) – M. ranonga Volynkin &amp; Černý, 2023 (TL: SW Thailand, Ranong Prov., Ranong) – M. rolleri Bucsek, 2020 (Laos, Khammouane Prov., Nakai env.) – M. rosalia (Hampson, 1914) (replacement name for rosacea Rothschild)</p><p>= Miltochrista rosacea Rothschild, 1913 (TL: [Indonesia] West Java), nec Bremer, 1861</p><p>= Miltochrista javana Draudt, 1914, replacement name for rosacea Rothschild</p><p>– M. roseogrisea Rothschild, 1913 * (TL: [Myanmar] Lower Burma) – M. ruptifascia (Hampson, 1893) * (TL: [Sri Lanka] Ceylon) – M. simonka (Bucsek, 2014) (Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands) – M. sinica Moore, 1877 (described in Moore 1877b) (TL: China, Shanghai) – M. soloma Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang &amp; Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: S Vietnam, Lâm Đồng Prov., Tây Nguyên Highlands)</p><p>– M. striata (Wileman, 1910) (TL: [Taiwan] Kanshirei) – M. strigatula (Rothschild, 1913) * (TL: India, Khasi Hills) – M. strigibasis (de Joannis, 1930) (TL: [N Vietnam] Cha pa) – M. swanni Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang &amp; Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: [N Myanmar, Kachin State] Upper Burma:</p><p>Htawgaw) – M. taiwania Volynkin, 2024 (described in Volynkin 2024b) (TL: Taiwan Island, Ilan Co., Suyuan, near Pinan) – M. taragmena Volynkin &amp; Huang, 2022 (TL: China, Yunnan, Lijiang) – M. tenuiprocessa Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang &amp; Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: N Vietnam, Lào Cai Prov., Sa Pa District, near Sa Pa)</p><p>– M. terrarega N. Singh, Raha &amp; Joshi, 2024 * (described in Singh et al. 2024a) (TL: India, Rajasthan)</p><p>– M. tsimphida Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang &amp; Saldaitis, 2023* (TL: NE India, W Meghalaya, Garo Hills)</p><p>– M. tumida Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang &amp; Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: N Vietnam, Mt. Fan-si-pan (North), Chapa)</p><p>– M. uncalis (Kirti &amp; Gill, 2009) * (TL: India, Karnataka: Bhagamandala)</p><p>– M. velona Volynkin, Saldaitis &amp; Müller, 2022 (described in Volynkin et al. 2022c) (TL: Myanmar, Chin State, Mount Victoria)</p><p>– M. venustusa (Bucsek, 2012) (Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands)</p><p>– M. wenchiyehi (Wu, Fu &amp; Chang, 2013) (TL: Taiwan, Miaoli County, Guanwu)</p><p>– M. xanthopera xanthopera (Hampson, 1907) (TL: Singapore)</p><p>– M. xanthopera montana (Bucsek, 2014) (TL: Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands)</p><p>– M. yimingcheni (Wu, Fu &amp; Chang, 2013) (TL: Taiwan, Chiayi County, Nanzixianxi)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFBBFFA1FF0EFF13FBF2FDF0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFBDFFA0FF0EFDA6FEE9FE44.text	BB06B339FFBDFFA0FF0EFDA6FEE9FE44.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista neoseriata N. Singh & Kirti 2016	<div><p>Miltochrista neoseriata N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016</p><p>(Figs 1–4, 95–97, 135)</p><p>Miltochrista neoseriata N. Singh &amp; Kirti in Kirti &amp; N. Singh, 2016, Arctiid Moths of India, 2: 92 (Type locality: “ Assam, Jatinga”).</p><p>= Miltochrista pseudoseriata N. Singh &amp; Kirti in Kirti &amp; N. Singh, 2016, Arctiid Moths of India, 2: 94 (Type locality: “ Assam, Jatinga”), syn. nov.</p><p>Type material examined. Holotype of M. neoseriata (Figs 1, 95): ♂, [India] “ Assam: Jatinga | 10.ix.2005 | Coll.[lected by]: N.S. Gill [N. Singh]” / hand written “Holoty | pe | neoseriata” / handwritten “12624 | H10” / handwritten “ARC 174”/ printed red label “Holotype” (NZCZSI) . Holotype of M. pseudoseriata (Figs 2, 96): ♂, [Assam] “ Jatinga | 9.ix.2008 | Coll.[lected by]: R. Joshi” / handwritten “12611 | H10” / printed red label “ Holotype ” / handwritten “ ARC | 188” (NZCZSI).</p><p>Additional material examined. INDIA. Meghalaya: 1 ♂, NEHU [ North-Eastern Hill University], 4.ix.2015, D.P. Singh leg. (NZCZSI, 12625/ H 10) ; 1 ♂, Ranikor, 31.viii.2014, D.P. Singh leg. (NZCZSI, 12620/ H 10) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Khasis / Nat. Coll., gen. prep. Nos.: AV6493 ♂, AV6394 ♀ (OUMNH) ; 2 ♂, Shillong, 5000 ft., 25. VI. [19]28, T. Baindridge Fletcher, B.M. 1949-488, unique IDs: NHMUK010292575, NHMUK010292577 (NHMUK) ; 1 ♂, same data as previous but 30. VI. [19]28, unique ID: NHMUK010292576 (NHMUK); Assam: 1 ♀, Nambor Reserve Forest, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.916664/lat 26.5)">Garampani</a>, 100m, 26°30’N 93°55’E, 21–29.XI.1997, V. Sinyaev &amp; M. Murzin leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1026 ♀ (MWM / ZSM) ; 1 ♂, Jatinga, 1.ix. [20]01, J.S. Sodhi leg. (NZCZSI, 14464/ H 10) .</p><p>Taxonomic notes. Three morphologically similar species, M. neoseriata, M. paraseriata and M. pseudoseriata were described in the same book (Kirti &amp; Singh 2016). The latter two species were described from Sikkim and Assam, respectively. Unfortunately, the genitalia illustrations provided by the authors for these two species were accidentally confused and, moreover, the vials with the genitalia were mixed up, which made the interpretation of the aforementioned taxa problematic. However, the examination of additional specimens from various localities in Northeast India made it possible to establish the identity of these taxa and state that pictures of the genital capsules of M. paraseriata and M. pseudoseriata have been swapped with each other in the original descriptions (Kirti &amp; Singh 2016: 93, 94). As a result, M. pseudoseriata turned out to be conspecific to M. neoseriata as the holotypes of these taxa display no recognisable morphological differences (Figs 1, 2, 95, 96) and were collected in the same locality in the same season. Both the taxa were described in the same publication therefore, as the First Revisers (see the Article 24.2.2 of ICZN (1999)) we hereby determine the precedence of the name M. neoseriata and synonymise M. pseudoseriata with it.</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 10.5–11.0 mm in males and 11.0 mm in females. Miltochrista neoseriata is superficially very similar to M. gopaldhara sp. nov., M. mawphlang sp. nov., M. paraseriata and M. terminata Moore, 1878 and the reliable identification requires the examination of the genitalia structures. The diagnostic comparison with M. gopaldhara sp. nov. and M. mawphlang sp. nov. is provided below under diagnoses of those species whereas the genitalia of M. paraseriata and M. terminata are largely different from those of M. neoseriata (see Figs 109, 110, 123–126). The male genitalia structure of M. neoseriata is most similar to M. aureata, from which the current species differs superficially in the somewhat broader forewing with markedly more distinct markings. In the male genital capsule, M. neoseriata is distinguished from M. aureata by the uniformly narrow uncus (it is medially dilated in the congener), the noticeably more medially convex dorsal margin of the valva, the more downcurved distal costal process, and the markedly narrower distal saccular process. The phallus vesica of M. neoseriata is narrower than in M. aureata and bears more or less equal cornuti whereas in M. aureata, the distal cornutus is broader while the lateral one is considerably shorter than in M. neoseriata . As the female of M. aureata is unknown, the female genitalia of M. neoseriata were compared with M. carcharias sp. nov. instead (see below in the diagnosis of the latter species).</p><p>Distribution. The species is currently known from Northeast India: Assam (Kirti &amp; Singh 2016) and Meghalaya (present study).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFBDFFA0FF0EFDA6FEE9FE44	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFBCFFA0FF0EFA92FAB7F83E.text	BB06B339FFBCFFA0FF0EFA92FAB7F83E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista aureata (Rothschild 1913)	<div><p>Miltochrista aureata (Rothschild, 1913)</p><p>(Figs 7, 8, 99, 100)</p><p>Asura lacteoflava aureata Rothschild, 1913, Novitates Zoologicae, 20 (1): 208 (Type locality: “ Khasia Hills, Assam ”).</p><p>Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein) (Fig. 7): ♂, “ Khasis | July, 1894 | Nat. Coll.” / red label “ Asura | lacteoflava | aureata | Type Rothsch” / “Rothschild | Bequest | B.M.1939-1.” / QR-code label with unique ID “ NHMUK010598406 ” (NHMUK).</p><p>Additional material examined. INDIA: Meghalaya: 1 ♂, Khasis, Oct. 1896, Nat. Coll. / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-1, unique ID: NHMUK010889631, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK010315803 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK) ; 1 ♂, Khasi Hills, Assam, 1906 / Meyrick Coll., B.M. 1938-290., unique ID: NHMUK010292565 (NHMUK) .</p><p>Note. Rothschild (1913) described Asura lacteoflava aureata based on the unspecified number of male specimens. In order to stabilise the nomenclature, the syntype labelled as “Type” and preserved in NHMUK is hereby designated as the lectotype.</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 10.5–11.0 mm in males. The species is reminiscent of M. neoseriata, the comparison is provided above in the diagnosis of the latter species.</p><p>Distribution. The species is currently known only from Khasi Hills (Northeast India, Meghalaya).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFBCFFA0FF0EFA92FAB7F83E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFBCFFA0FF0EFE32FDB8FAE4.text	BB06B339FFBCFFA0FF0EFE32FDB8FAE4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista gopaldhara Volynkin, Cerny, N. Singh, Kirti, Datta & S. Singh 2025	<div><p>Miltochrista gopaldhara Volynkin, Černý, N. Singh, Kirti, Datta &amp; S. Singh, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 5, 6, 98)</p><p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 5, 98): ♂, “Gopaldhara, | Mirik, Sikkim [West Bengal] | (H. Stevens).” / “Rothschild | Bequest |B.M.1939-1.” / QR-code label with unique ID “NHMUK010604627”, gen. prep.No.: NHMUK010313465 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK).</p><p>Paratypes. INDIA. West Bengal: 1 ♂, Echhey Forests, Burmaik, 13.ix.2018, S. Singh leg. (NZCZSI, 12617/ H10) ; Arunachal Pradesh: 1 ♂, Bomdila, 26.vi.2018, S. Santosh leg. (NZCZSI, 12613/H10) .</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 9.0 mm in males. Miltochrista gopaldhara sp. nov. is most morphologically similar to M. neoseriata, from which it is distinguished by the smaller size and the narrower forewing apex. In the male genital capsule, the new species is distinguished from M. neoseriata in the longer uncus and the considerably shorter distal costal process. The male genital capsule of M. gopaldhara sp. nov. is also reminiscent of M. aureata but differs in the proximally broader uncus, and the narrower valva with a more medially convex dorsal margin. The vesica of M. gopaldhara sp. nov. is markedly broader and more globular than in M. neoseriata (it is rather sack-like in the latter), and the lateral cornutus sits on the shorter and narrower diverticulum situated on the right side of the vesica (vs. the left side in the congener). Compared to M. aureata, the vesica of the new species is slightly narrower and bears almost equal cornuti, whereas in M. aureata the distal cornutus is broader while the lateral one is considerably shorter than in M. gopaldhara sp. nov.</p><p>The female is unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Northeast India (north of West Bengal and Arunachal Pradesh).</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is homonymic of the type locality of the new species. The name is a noun in nominative singular in apposition.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFBCFFA0FF0EFE32FDB8FAE4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFBEFFA2FF0EFF5BFD29FC04.text	BB06B339FFBEFFA2FF0EFF5BFD29FC04.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista mawphlang N. Singh, Kirti, Datta, S. Singh, Volynkin & Cerny 2025	<div><p>Miltochrista mawphlang N. Singh, Kirti, Datta, S. Singh, Volynkin &amp; Černý, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 9, 10, 101)</p><p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 9, 101): ♂, [India] “ Meghalaya: Cherrapunji | 13.ix.2015 | Coll[ected by]: Devinder Pal Singh ” / handwritten red label “HT”/ printed red label “Holotype”/ printed “ ZSI | 1223”, gen. prep. in glycerol by S. Singh (NZCZSI) .</p><p>Paratypes. INDIA. Meghalaya: 1 ♂, data same as holotype; 1 ♂, NEHU [ North-Eastern Hill University], 5.ix.2015, D. Singh leg. (NZCZSI) ; 1 ♂, Pynursala, 10.ix. [20]14, 1350m, H.S. Datta leg. (NZCZSI) ; 2 ♂, Riat Khwan, 1330 m, 3.ix.2014, H.S. Datta leg. (NZCZSI) .</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 10.0– 10.5 mm in males. Miltochrista mawphlang sp. nov. is superficially reminiscent of M. neoseriata but distinguished by the smaller size, the less sinuous medial line, and the position of the discal spot, which is somewhat more distant from the medial line. In the male genitalia, the new species differs from M. neoseriata in the shorter uncus, the less prominent collis, the distally thinner and somewhat longer distal saccular process, and the shorter cornuti in the phallus vesica. The male genitalia structure of M. mawphlang sp. nov. is similar to the superficially different M. kravchenkoi (Figs 11, 12) recently described from north-western Myanmar (Volynkin et al. 2022c). In the male genital capsule, the new species differs from the aforementioned congener (Fig. 102) in the markedly shorter and medially narrower uncus, the somewhat more medially convex dorsal margin of the valva, and the considerably shorter distal narrow section of the distal saccular process. The phalli of the two species are alike. The vesica of M. mawphlang sp. nov. is shorter and narrower than in M. kravchenkoi and bears a somewhat larger lateral cornutus.</p><p>The female is unknown.</p><p>Distribution. The new species is currently known from Meghalaya state (Northeast India).</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is homonymic of the sacred forest of Mawphlang of Meghalaya. The name is a noun in nominative singular in apposition.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFBEFFA2FF0EFF5BFD29FC04	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFBEFFACFF0EFBF3FD20FEA8.text	BB06B339FFBEFFACFF0EFBF3FD20FEA8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista dharma (Moore 1879)	<div><p>Miltochrista dharma (Moore, 1879)</p><p>(Figs 13–21, 103, 104, 137)</p><p>Setina dharma Moore, 1879, Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1879: 394 (Type locality: [N India, Himachal Pradesh, Kangra Valley, Dharamshala] “ Dharmsala, N.W. Himalaya”).</p><p>= Asura lacteoflava lacteoflava Rothschild, 1913, Novitates Zoologicae, 20 (1): 208 (Type locality: [N India, Himachal Pradesh, Chamba District] “ Dalhousie, N.W. India ”).</p><p>Type material examined. Lectotype of Setina dharma (designated herein) (Fig. 13): ♂, “ Kangra | Hocking | 83–26.” / “ Setina | Dharma, M[oore] | (type)” / red ring “Type” label / QR-code label with unique ID “ NHMUK010598179 ” (NHMUK). Lectotype of Asura lacteoflava lacteoflava (designated herein) (Fig. 14): ♂, “ Dalhousie | June, 1891” / “Rothschild | Bequest | B.M.1939-1.” / red label “ Asura | lacteoflava | Type Rothsch.” / QR-code label with unique ID “ NHMUK010598181 ” (NHMUK) .</p><p>Additional material examined: series of both sexes from northeastern Pakistan, Nepal and India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, West Bengal, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram) (MWM / ZSM, NZCZSI, NHMUK, ZFMK).</p><p>Notes. (1) Moore (1879) described Setina dharma without the number and sex of specimens being specified. In order to stabilise the nomenclature, the male syntype labelled as “Type” and preserved in NHMUK is hereby designated as the lectotype. (2) Rothschild (1913) described Asura lacteoflava lacteoflava from the unspecified number of specimens of both sexes. In order to stabilise the nomenclature, the male syntype labelled as “Type” and preserved in NHMUK is hereby designated as the lectotype. (3) The species has two forms: with and without a medial transverse line. The latter one is more common in the western part of its range while the proportion of specimens with a medial line is higher in the east. These forms display no differences in their genitalia structures, and as they do not belong to separated populations the presence or absence of a medial line has no taxonomic importance in M. dharma .</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 10.0–12.0 mm in males and 11.0– 12.5 mm in females. The species is reminiscent of M. butleri Leech, [1889], stat. rev. and the detailed comparison is provided below in the diagnosis of the latter species.</p><p>Distribution. Northeastern Pakistan, Nepal (new records), North and Northeast India (Moore 1879; Hampson 1900; Rothschild 1913; Kirti &amp; Singh 2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFBEFFACFF0EFBF3FD20FEA8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFB0FFACFF0EFE5EFE9CF83B.text	BB06B339FFB0FFACFF0EFE5EFE9CF83B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista butleri Leech 1889	<div><p>Miltochrista butleri Leech, [1889], stat. rev.</p><p>(Figs 22, 23, 105, 136)</p><p>Miltochrista butleri Leech, [1889] 1888, Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1888: 603, pl. 30, fig. 14 (Type locality: [Japan] “ Nagasaki ”).</p><p>Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein) (Fig. 23): ♀, “ Nagasaki, | June, 1886. | Leech.” / Miltochrista | butleri, | sp. nov.| Type ♀” / red ring “Type” label / “Leech Coll. | 1900–64” / QR-code label with unique ID “ NHMUK010598180 ” (NHMUK).</p><p>Additional material examined. JAPAN: 1 ♂, [ Honshu Island, Wakayama Prefecture] Kitanokawa, 9. VI.1959, gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 418/2017 ♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Mariudo w. f., Is. Iriomote, 19–20.III.1974, Y. Fujimaki leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 416/2017 ♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, Yona, Okinawa, 21. V.1965, Y. Miyatake leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 417/2017 ♀ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Yona, Okinawa, 24.IV.1965, S. Azuma leg. (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Kitanokawa, Kochi Pref., 21. VI.1958, S. Nakamura leg. (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, Komi-Ōtomi, Iriomote Is., 22.III.1974, Y. Fujimaki leg. (NHMUK).</p><p>Notes. (1) The species was synonymised with M. dharma by Hampson (1900) but subsequently revived to subspecies level by Inoue (1982). However, it displays clear differences in the genitalia of both sexes from the Himalayan M. dharma and therefore is upgraded herein to species level. (2) Leech ([1889] 1888) described the species based on a couple from Nagasaki and a male from “ Japan ” without exact locality data, of which only a female syntype from Nagasaki was located in the NHMUK collection. In order to stabilise the nomenclature, the aforementioned specimen is hereby designated as the lectotype.</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 9.5–10.5 mm in males and 11.0– 11.5 mm in females. Miltochrista butleri is reminiscent of M. dharma but differs in the thinner forewing markings. The male genital capsule of the species is distinguished from M. dharma by the shorter uncus, the proximally narrower but distally broader valva with a less convex dorsal margin, the considerably longer distal costal process, and the markedly longer and upcurved distal saccular process (whereas it is straight in the congener). The phallus of M. butleri is broader than in M. dharma and having a larger coecum. Compared to M. dharma, the vesica of M. butleri is broader and having a lateral subbasal diverticulum (absent in the congener), and a markedly longer and broader medial diverticulum bearing a markedly larger blade-like cornutus and directed dorsally whereas in M. dharma, the medial diverticulum is directed distally. Additionally, the distal cornutus positioned at the base of the vesica ejaculatorius is considerably longer and broader in M. butleri in comparison to M. dharma . The male genitalia of M. butleri are most similar to the superficially dissimilar M. parallelinaformis (Figs 24, 106) but the genital capsule differs from the latter in somewhat shorter and narrower uncus, the medially narrower valva with a distally thinner distal costal process, and the longer and proximally narrower distal saccular process. The phallus of M. butleri is narrower and somewhat shorter than in M. parallelinaformis . Compared to M. parallelinaformis, the vesica of M. butleri has a considerably longer and broader medial diverticulum directed dorsally (it is directed distally in M. parallelinaformis), and a narrower cornutus on the distal diverticulum. As the female of M. parallelinaformis is unknown, the female genitalia of M. butleri were compared only to M. dharma, from which they are distinguished by the considerably shorter antrum, the markedly longer and broader corpus bursae with a longer posterior sclerotised area forming a prominent sclerotised lateral protrusion and inwardly edged with a longer cluster of markedly longer spines, and the presence of the postero-lateral cluster of robust spinules. Additionally, in M. butleri, the lateral sclerotised plates of the 7 th sternite bearing scales of the corethrogyne are significantly longer than in M. dharma, and their lateral sclerotised pockets are large and heavily sclerotised whereas they are reduced in the congener.</p><p>Distribution. The species is known from Japan (southern Honshu and Kyushyu Islands, and Ryukyu Archipelago).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFB0FFACFF0EFE5EFE9CF83B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFB2FFAEFF0EFF5BFEBBFABF.text	BB06B339FFB2FFAEFF0EFF5BFEBBFABF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista carcharias Volynkin, Cerny, N. Singh, Kirti, Datta & S. Singh 2025	<div><p>Miltochrista carcharias Volynkin, Černý, N. Singh, Kirti, Datta &amp; S. Singh, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 25–27, 107, 108, 138)</p><p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 25, 107): ♂, “ Indien-Sikkim | Pemayangtse, 1200m | unterhalb Rimbi | Lf. 26.VIII.1988 | leg. Dr. W. Thomas | Museum Witt” / “Slide | ZSM Arct. 341/2017♂ | A. Volynkin” (MWM / ZSM).</p><p>Paratypes. INDIA: Sikkim: 1 ♀, Pemayangtse, 22.VII.1996, 1900m, E. Afonin &amp; V. Sinyaev leg., ex coll. A. Schintlmeister, gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1042♀ (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Pemayangtse, 2000m, 23–28.VII.1990, W. Thomas leg., gen. prep. No.: AV5398 (CKC); West Bengal: 1 ♂, 650m, Darjeeling, Manjitar, 31.III.1986, W. Thomas leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 414/2017♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); Tamil Nadu: 1 ♂, Palani Hills, Perumalmalay, 1500m, 14.VII.1990, W. Thomas leg., gen. prep. No.: AV5397♂ (CKC) .</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 11.0– 11.5 mm in males and 12.0 mm in the female. Among the Himalayan species of the genus, M. carcharias sp. nov. is superficially reminiscent of M. neoseriata, M. gopaldhara sp. nov. and M. nuranang sp. nov. but distinguished from them by the more distally convex forewing costal margin, the thinner and more diffuse pattern elements, and the presence of the intense grey suffusion between the longitudinal streaks in the postmedial area (the latter is also present in some specimens of M. nuranang sp. nov. but it is markedly more diffuse). Additionally, compared to M. nuranang sp. nov., the new species has shorter longitudinal streaks in the forewing antemedial area. The male genital capsule of M. carcharias sp. nov. is largely different from other species in the group in the strongly dilated, triangular distal costal process directed dorsally whereas it is elongate, slender and distally directed or downcurved in the similar congeners. The phallus and the vesica shape of the new species are most similar to M. dharma but in M. carcharias sp. nov., the phallus is broader, and having a noticeably broader and longer coecum and a well-developed carinal crest. In the vesica, M. carcharias sp. nov. is distinguished from M. dharma by the presence of the apical diverticulum (at the base of the vesica ejaculatorius) and the distal cornutus situated more laterally. The female genitalia of the new species differ clearly from M. dharma in the markedly shorter and anteriorly tapered antrum (it has almost parallel margins in M. dharma), the considerably shorter and narrower corpus bursae with a shorter sclerotised posterior area and weaker spinulose scobination anteriorly. In the female genitalia, M. carcharias sp. nov. is most similar to M. neoseriata, from which, however, the new species is distinguished by the markedly smaller corpus bursae lacking the posterior elongate clusters of the robust spines. Additionally, the lateral pockets of the 7 th sternite of M. carcharias sp. nov. are considerably shorter and more weakly sclerotised than in M. neoseriata .</p><p>Distribution. The new species is currently known from South and Northeast India (Tamil Nadu, West Bengal and Sikkim).</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Greek ‘καρχαρίας’ meaning ‘a shark’ and refers to the distal section of the valva vaguely reminiscent of the shark head outline. The name is a noun in nominative singular in apposition.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFB2FFAEFF0EFF5BFEBBFABF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFB2FFA8FF0EFA6BFCD5FDF0.text	BB06B339FFB2FFA8FF0EFA6BFCD5FDF0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista paraseriata N. Singh & Kirti 2016	<div><p>Miltochrista paraseriata N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016</p><p>(Figs 28–30, 109, 110)</p><p>Miltochrista paraseriata N. Singh &amp; Kirti in Kirti &amp; N. Singh, 2016, Arctiid Moths of India, 2: 93 (Type locality: “ Sikkim, Aritar”).</p><p>Type material examined. Holotype (Fig. 28): ♂, [India] “ Sikkim: Aritar | 29.iv.2009 | Coll[ected by]: R. Joshi ” / handwritten red label “ARC | 196 | HT 196 | Sikkim, | ARITAR” / handwritten “12623 | H10” / handwritten “Aritar | 29/4/[20]09” / printed red label “Holotype”(NZCZSI).</p><p>Additional material examined. INDIA. Sikkim: 1 ♂, Sikkim, VII.[18]89, G.C. Dudgeon, 94-52, unique ID: NHMUK010292563 (NHMUK); 1 ♂, Gangtok, 24.iv.[20]09, R. Joshi leg. (NZCZSI, 12610/H10); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Pangthang, 2.vii.[20]19, S. Singh leg. (NZCZSI, 12603/ H10); 4 ♂, Rinchenpong, 12.vii.[20]19, S. Singh leg. (NZCZSI, 12602/H10); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Ravangla, 21.vii.[20]19, S. Singh leg. (NZCZSI, 12601/ H10).</p><p>Note. In the original description of the species, the valvae illustrated (Kirti &amp; Singh 2016: 93, below) belong to M. neoseriata (also see above, under M. neoseriata).</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 9.0–11.0 mm in males. The species displays no remarkable superficial differences from M. neoseriata and the identification requires the examination of the genitalia structures which are largely different in both sexes of these species. The male genital capsule of M. paraseriata is reminiscent of M. butleri but can be distinguished by the medially and distally broader valva with a more convex dorsal margin, the longer and more downcurved distal costal process, and the somewhat shorter and apically rounded distal saccular process which is apically pointed in the congener. The phallus of M. paraseriata is narrower than in M. butleri and has a larger ventral carinal crest. The vesica of the current species is markedly broader than in M. butleri, lacks a subbasal diverticulum and has a considerably broader medial diverticulum bearing a shorter and proximally broader cornutus.</p><p>The female is unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Northeast India (Sikkim) (Kirti &amp; Singh 2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFB2FFA8FF0EFA6BFCD5FDF0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFB4FFA8FF0EFDA6FD5EF8C0.text	BB06B339FFB4FFA8FF0EFDA6FD5EF8C0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista ephimeces Volynkin, Cerny, N. Singh, Kirti, Datta & S. Singh 2025	<div><p>Miltochrista ephimeces Volynkin, Černý, N. Singh, Kirti, Datta &amp; S. Singh, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 31–34, 111, 139)</p><p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 31, 111): ♂, “N-E. India | Assam, Nambor Reserv [e] | <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.916664/lat 26.5)">Forest</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.916664/lat 26.5)">Garampani</a>, H= 100 m | 26°30’N, 93°55’E, 21–29. Nov. 1997, lg. V.Siniaev [recte: Sinyaev] &amp; M.Murzin | Museum Witt” / “Slide | ZSM Arct. | 2019-1024♂ | A. Volynkin” (MWM / ZSM).</p><p>Paratypes. INDIA: Assam: 2 ♂, 1 ♀, same data as holotype, gen. prep. Nos.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1019♂, ZSM Arct. 2019-1037♂, ZSM Arct. 2019-1025♀ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, Kaziranga Wildlife, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.916664/lat 26.5)">Pan Bari Reserve Forest</a>, 26°45’N 93°10’E, 100m, 12–21.XI.1997, V. Sinyaev &amp; M. Murzin leg., gen. prep. Nos.: ZSM Arct. 280/2017♂, ZSM Arct. 2019-1017♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); Sikkim: 1 ♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.916664/lat 26.5)">Legship</a>, 500m, 24–28.VII.1990, W. Thomas leg., gen. prep. No.: AV5407♂ (CKC); MYANMAR: 1 ♂, 21 km E Putao, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.916664/lat 26.5)">Nan Sa Bon village</a>, 550m, 1–5.V.1998, Murzin &amp; Sinyaev leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1061♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM) .</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 7.5–9.5 mm in males and 10.0 mm in females. Miltochrista ephimeces sp. nov. is superficially very similar to M. paraseriata and reliable identification requires examination of the genitalia structures which are largely different in both sexes of these species (e.g., the shape of the uncus and distal saccular process and the vesica configuration). The male genital capsule of the new species is similar to those of the superficially dissimilar M. simonka (Figs 35, 36, 112) and M. flavorosea (Figs 37–39, 113), and differs from the former species in the proximally slender uncus (it is proximally dilated in the congener) and the proximally broader distal costal process. Compared to M. flavorosea, the male genital capsule of M. ephimeces sp. nov. has a considerably longer uncus, a proximally broader distal costal process, and a somewhat shorter distal saccular process. The phallus of the new species is similar to that of M. simonka but is markedly shorter and more proximally dilated than in M. flavorosea . In the vesica configuration, M. ephimeces sp. nov. is similar to M. simonka but distinguished by the longer and markedly broader distal cornutus. In the female genitalia of the new species, the antrum is posteriorly narrower than in M. simonka but noticeably broader than in M. flavorosea . The corpus bursae of M. ephimeces sp. nov. bears clusters of markedly smaller spines posteriorly in comparison to the aforementioned congeners (Figs 140, 141). The appendix bursae of M. ephimeces sp. nov. is narrower and more elongated than in the aforementioned congeners. Additionally, the lateral sclerotised plates of the 7 th sternite of the new species are longer than in M. simonka and more rugose than in M. flavorosea, and their lateral pockets are narrower and more triangular than in those congeners.</p><p>Distribution. The new species is currently known from Northeast India (Assam and Sikkim) and northern Myanmar (Kachin State).</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Greek ‘επίμηκες’ meaning ‘elongate’ and refers to the strongly elongate distal costal and saccular processes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFB4FFA8FF0EFDA6FD5EF8C0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFB7FFABFF0EFF5BFD0AFAA3.text	BB06B339FFB7FFABFF0EFF5BFD0AFAA3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista discistriga (Moore 1878)	<div><p>Miltochrista discistriga (Moore, 1878)</p><p>(Figs 40–43, 114, 142)</p><p>Lyclene discistriga Moore, 1878, Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1878: 32 (Type locality: [NE India, north of West Bengal, Darjeeling] “ Darjiling ”).</p><p>Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein) (Fig. 40): ♀, “N. India | ♀” (upper side) “ Lyclene | discistriga ♀ | type) Moore” / “Moore Coll. | 94–106.” / red ring “Type” label / QR-code label with unique ID “ NHMUK010604625 ” (NHMUK).</p><p>Additional material examined. INDIA: Uttarakhand: 1 ♀, Bamiyala, 1451m, 3.viii.2016, S. Singh leg. (NZCZSI, 14465/H10); Sikkim: 1 ♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=88.333336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 88.333336/lat 27.5)">Mt. Kanchenjunga</a> SE, 27°30’N 88°20’E, 2000m, 222– 31.VII.1996, Afonin &amp; Sinyaev leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1047 ♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); West Bengal: 1 ♂, Tukdah, 5000 ft., Darjeeling Distr., 23.IX.1945, D.G. Sevastopulo / D.G. Sevastopulo, B.M. 1975-385, unique ID: NHMUK010606046, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK010313529 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK); 1 ♀, Gopaldhara, Darjeeling, 3440–5800’, H. Stevens / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-1, unique ID: NHMUK010604626, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK010313466 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK); Arunachal Pradesh: 2 ♂, Bomdila, 27.vi.[20]18, S. Singh leg. (NZCZSI, 14466/H10); 1 ♀, Dirang, 1560m, 25.vi.[20]18, S. Singh leg. (NZCZSI, 14467/H10); Tamil Nadu: Palani Hills, Perumalmalay, 1500m, 14.VII.1990, W. Thomas leg., gen. prep. No.: AV5396 ♂ (CKC).</p><p>Note. Moore (1878) described the species from the unspecified number of specimens of both sexes. In order to stabilise the nomenclature, the single female syntype labelled as “Type” located in NHMUK is hereby designated as the lectotype.</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 13.0 mm in males and 14.5 mm in females. Miltochrista discistriga is similar to M. neoseriata in its forewing markings but distinguished by its larger size. The male genital capsule of the species is clearly different from other similar congeners in the shorter uncus, the relatively short and claw-shaped, and dorsally directed distal costal process, the broad valvula, and the narrow but heavily sclerotised and upcurved distal saccular process. The vesica structure of M. discistriga is similar to those of such species as M. neoseriata, M. aureata, M. mawphlang sp. nov. and M. kravchenkoi but differs in the markedly longer cornuti. The female genitalia of M. discistriga are most reminiscent of M. neoseriata but are distinct due to the shorter and narrower ductus bursae with a sinuous ventral margin of the ostium, and the broader corpus bursae with a narrower but more heavily sclerotised postero-lateral sclerotised area edged with smaller spines and lacking a cluster of denticles at the junction with the ductus bursae. Additionally, the lateral sclerotised plates of the 7 th sternite of M. discistriga are shorter and more weakly sclerotised than in M. neoseriata, and their lateral pockets are vestigial.</p><p>Distribution. The species is currently known from South, North and Northeast India (Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFB7FFABFF0EFF5BFD0AFAA3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFB7FFABFF0EFA51FEE8F88F.text	BB06B339FFB7FFABFF0EFA51FEE8F88F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista zinchenkoi (Dubatolov & Bucsek 2013)	<div><p>The Miltochrista zinchenkoi species-group</p><p>Diagnosis. The male genitalia ground plan of the species-group is similar to the M. humilis species-group but distinguished by the reduced distal costal process of the valva. The female genitalia of the two species-groups display no remarkable differences.</p><p>Species content</p><p>(The species occurring in India is marked with an asterisk)</p><p>– M. zinchenkoi (Dubatolov &amp; Bucsek, 2013) (TL: Thailand, Phitsanulok Prov.)</p><p>– M. jatinga N. Singh, Volynkin, Černý, Kirti, Datta &amp; S. Singh, sp. nov. * (TL: [India] “ Assam: Dima Hasao: Jatinga”)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFB7FFABFF0EFA51FEE8F88F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFA9FFB5FF0EFF5BFE9FFAB7.text	BB06B339FFA9FFB5FF0EFF5BFE9FFAB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista jatinga N. Singh, Volynkin, Cerny, Kirti, Datta & S. Singh 2025	<div><p>Miltochrista jatinga N. Singh, Volynkin, Černý, Kirti, Datta &amp; S. Singh, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 44–50, 115–117, 143)</p><p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 44, 115): ♂, [India] “ Assam: Dima Hasao: | Jatinga | 10.IX.2009 | Coll[ected by]: R. Joshi ” / printed red label “Holotype” / “♂” / handwritten green label “481” (NZCZSI).</p><p>Paratypes. INDIA: Mizoram: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.88333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.88333/lat 25.75)">Champhai</a>, 650m, 26.ix.2009, R. Joshi leg. (NZCZSI); Meghalaya: 1 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.88333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.88333/lat 25.75)">Pynursala</a>, 10.ix.2014, 1350m, H.S. Datta leg. (NZCZSI); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.88333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.88333/lat 25.75)">Umran</a>, 33 km N Shillong, 25°45’N 91°53’E, 8–11.XI.1997, 800m, V. Sinyaev, V., S. &amp; M. Murzin leg., gen. prep. Nos.: AV5402♂, AV5403♀ (CKC); MYANMAR: 1 ♂, Chin State, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.88333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.88333/lat 25.75)">Mount Victoria</a>, 2200–2500m, montane pine forest, mid-late X.2012, Dr V. Kravchenko &amp; team leg., gen. prep. No.: AV6858♂ (CGM); THAILAND: 32 ♂, 10–12.VIII.2012, Chiang Mai Prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.88333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.88333/lat 25.75)">Thong Chai Range</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.88333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.88333/lat 25.75)">near Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden</a>, 700 m, 18°54’10.59’’N 98°51’46.05’’E, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.88333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.88333/lat 25.75)">edge of secondary forest</a>, local collector leg., gen. prep. Nos.: AV6895♂, AV6899♂, AV6900♂, AV6901♂, AV6902♂ (CAV); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Tak [Prov.], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.88333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.88333/lat 25.75)">Doi Mussoe</a>, 821m, 16°45.317’N, 98°55.438’E, 11.V.2008, K. Černý leg., gen. prep. Nos.: AV8438♂, AV8439♂, AV8440♀ (CKC) .</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 10.0– 10.5 mm in males and 12.0 mm in females. Miltochrista jatinga sp. nov. is superficially reminiscent of M. neoseriata but can be distinguished from it by the thicker longitudinal streaks and the medial line of the forewing, and the larger discal spot. However, in the genitalia of both sexes, the new species is similar to the partially sympatric M. zinchenkoi (Figs 51–53), from which M. jatinga sp. nov. is superficially differs in the narrower forewing, the longer longitudinal streaks in the ante- and postmedial areas, the oblique and less posteriorly curved medial line which is medially almost perpendicular the forewing axis in M. zinchenkoi, and the smaller discal spot well-separated from the medial line (it is almost touching the line in the congener). In the male genital capsule, M. jatinga sp. nov. is distinguished from M. zinchenkoi (Figs 118, 119) by the proximally narrower valva with a longer valvula, the triangular and apically pointed distal costal process (it is rounded in the congener), and the smoothly upcurved distal saccular process whereas it is upcurved at an almost right angle in M. zinchenkoi . In the phallus, the new species has a more downcurved coecum in comparison to the similar congener. The vesicae of the two species are similar but in M. jatinga sp. nov., the subapical cornutus is slightly thinner than in M. zinchenkoi . The female genitalia of the new species differ from M. zinchenkoi (Fig. 144) in the anteriorly broader ductus bursae, and the broader corpus bursae bearing thinner and more numerous spines along the inner margin of the postero-lateral sclerotised plate. Additionally, the lateral pockets of the 7 th sternite of the new species are broader than in M. zinchenkoi and are apically almost semicircular whereas they are bearing narrow triangular protrusions in the aforementioned congener.</p><p>Distribution. The new species is known from Northeast India (Assam, Mizoram and Meghalaya), west Myanmar (Chin State) and Northern Thailand (Chiang Mai Province).</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is homonymic of the type locality. The name is a noun in nominative singular in apposition.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFA9FFB5FF0EFF5BFE9FFAB7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFA9FFB4FF0EFA7CFD5BFE8C.text	BB06B339FFA9FFB4FF0EFA7CFD5BFE8C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista floccosa (Walker 1865)	<div><p>The M. floccosa species-group</p><p>Diagnosis. The male genitalia of the species-group are characterised by the relatively short, laterally flattened and medially dilated uncus, and the costa lacking an elongate and slender distal process typical of the M. humilis species-group. Instead of the latter, in most species of the group, the costa is distally dilated and bears a ventrally directed apical process in certain taxa. Only in M. floccosa the costa is gradually distally tapered and dorsally fused with the valvula. The female genitalia of the species-group display no diagnostic differences from the M. humilis and the M. zinchenkoi species-groups.</p><p>Note. Most species of the group were illustrated and diagnosed by Volynkin &amp; Huang (2022).</p><p>Species content of the M. floccosa species-group</p><p>(All species are known from India)</p><p>– M. floccosa (Walker, [1865]) (TL: India, Coimbatore) = Nudaria subcervina Walker, [1865], syn. rev. (TL: East India, Odisha, Ganjam)</p><p>= Asura violacea Reich, 1936, syn. nov. (TL: India, Himachal Pradesh, Patria, Kufri Mt.)</p><p>– M. ochracea (Hampson, 1891) (TL: South India, Nilgiris)</p><p>– M. miraculosa Volynkin &amp; S.-Y. Huang, 2022 (TL: South India, Kerala, 6 km N Munnar)</p><p>– M. obliqua (Hampson, 1891) (TL: South India, Nilgiris)</p><p>– M. hogani Volynkin &amp; S.-Y. Huang, 2022 (TL: South India, Nilgiri Hills)</p><p>– M. inconspicua (Moore, 1878) (TL: Northern India)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFA9FFB4FF0EFA7CFD5BFE8C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFA8FFB6FF0EFE7AFBB5FD18.text	BB06B339FFA8FFB6FF0EFE7AFBB5FD18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista floccosa (Walker 1865)	<div><p>Miltochrista floccosa (Walker, [1865])</p><p>(Figs 54–61, 120, 121, 145)</p><p>Nudaria? floccosa Walker, [1865], List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum, 31: 274 (Type locality: [India, Coimbatore] “ South Hindostan ”).</p><p>= Nudaria subcervina Walker, [1865], List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum, 31: 274 (Type locality (determined by the neotype designation): [East India, Odisha] Ganjam), syn. rev.</p><p>= Asura violacea Reich, 1936, Entomologische Rundschau, 53: 419 (Type locality: [N India, Himachal Pradesh] “ Patria: Berg [ Mount] Kufri, Simla Punjab, Himalaya ”), syn. nov.</p><p>Type material examined. Holotype (by monotypy) of Nudaria floccosa (Fig. 54): ♀, “ India | Coimbatore | C.I. Walhouse | 61-20.” / “ Nudaria? floccosa .” / green ring “Type” label / QR-code label with unique ID: “ NHMUK010598413 ” (NHMUK). Neotype of Nudaria subcervina (designated herein; Fig. 55): ♂, [E India, Odisha] “Ganjam.” / “Collectio | H. J. Elwes ” / “ Miltochrista | subcervina Wlk. ” / “Rothschild | Bequest | B.M.1939.- 1.” / “Agreed with | N. subcervina Wk. | [written illegibly]? “meuli alk” / “ Nudaria | floccosa Wk | fide Swinhoe” / QR-code label with unique ID: “ NHMUK010292535 ”, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK014331266 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK) .</p><p>Additional material examined. PAKISTAN: 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Islamabad, 1 km S Hotel Adventure Inn, 500m, 27.IV.1998, Gy.M. László G. Ronkay leg. (MWM / ZSM); NEPAL: 5 ♂, 2 ♀, Tanahoun Distr., Bimalnager village, 530m, 11–12.IV.1995, Gy.M. László &amp; G. Ronkay leg., gen. prep. Nos.: ZSM Arct. 301/2017 ♀, ZSM Arct. 2019- 1073 ♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Dhumre, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=84.433334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.916666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 84.433334/lat 27.916666)">Bimal Nager</a>, 26–28.III.1995, 27°55’N 84°26’E, M. Hreblay &amp; L. Nemeth leg. (MWM / ZSM); INDIA: Himachal Pradesh: 1 ♂, Kangra Valley, 4500 ft., IX.1899, Dudgeon [leg.], unique ID: NHMUK010604554, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK010313255 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK); 1 ♀, Kangra ( Hocking) 86-69, unique ID: NHMUK010604555, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK010313256 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK); Bihar: 1 ♂, Valmiki Nagar, 23.vi.2011, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI, 12629/ H 10), 1 ♂, Valmiki Nagar, 24.vi.2011, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI, 12630/ H 10); SRI LANKA: 1 ♂, Ceylon, Outtalam I., unique ID: NHMUK010292536, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK0014331267 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK); 1 ♂, Matale, Novr, Mackwood Coll., B.M. 1927-341, unique ID: NHMUK010292537, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK0014331280 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK).</p><p>Notes. (1) Walker ([1865]) described Nudaria floccosa from a single specimen (lettered as ‘a’), which is a holotype by monotypy. Walker ([1865]) identified the sex of the holotype as male but the specimen is in fact a female (Fig. 54). (2) Walker ([1865]) described Nudaria subcervina based on the unspecified number of males from Atkinson collection from “Hindostan”. This taxon was subsequently synonymised with M. floccosa without explanation by Hampson (1900). Not a single syntype specimen was found either in the NHMUK, OUMNH or MfN collections, where Walker’s types and specimens from Atkinson collection are housed, therefore it is possible to conclude that the type material is lost. Fortunately, in the unpresorted accessions in the NHMUK collection, a male specimen identified as “ Miltochrista subcervina ”, originating from eastern India and matching the original Walker’s description was found. In order to stabilise the nomenclature, this specimen is hereby designated as the neotype, and, according to the ICZN (1999) Article 76.3, the type locality is hereby determined by the neotype designation. Despite the external differences, the male genitalia of the neotype of M. subcervina display no distinctive characters from the polymorphic M. floccosa proving the conspecificity of these two taxa. Thus, the synonymy of subcervina with floccosa originally introduced by Hampson (1900) is herein confirmed: M. floccosa = Nudaria subcervina, syn. rev. (3) Unfortunately, we had no chance to examine the holotype (by monotypy) of Asura violacea, which should be in Paul Reich collection currently preserved in the Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv, Israel. However, the detailed description of the taxon provided by Reich (1936) fully corresponds to M. floccosa widely distributed from the western Himalayas to Sri Lanka and therefore Asura violacea is herein synonymised with it.</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 8.0–10.0 mm in males and 10.0 mm in females. The species varies in its size and the shape of the postmedial fascia but the genitalia structures display only limited variability in the uncus width and the shape of the valva apex. Miltochrista floccosa is superficially most reminiscent of M. ochracea (Figs 62, 63) endemic to South India but can be easily distinguished by its considerably smaller size, bipectinate male antenna (it is ciliate in M. ochracea), and the more diffuse forewing markings. The male genital capsule of M. floccosa differs from M. ochracea (Fig. 122) in the considerably shorter uncus, the shorter tegumen with broader arms, the less elongate valva lacking the distal costal process (it is well-developed, triangular and directed ventrally in the congener), and the markedly longer distal saccular process. The phallus of M. floccosa is proximally broader than in M. ochracea and has a more distally prominent carinal crest. Compared to M. ochracea, the vesica of M. floccosa is significantly broader (in proportion to the phallus size), having a subbasal dorsal diverticulum, and bearing a robust cornutus whereas M. ochracea has two considerably shorter and narrower cornuti. In the female genitalia, M. floccosa is distinguished from M. ochracea (Fig. 146) in the more caliciform ventral margin of the antrum, the markedly broader postero-lateral sclerotised plate of the corpus bursae edged with considerably shorter and thinner spines, the shorter and narrower anterior section of the corpus bursae, the presence of the short conical lateral protrusion of the corpus bursae, and the sack-like appendix bursae whereas it is conical in the congener.</p><p>Distribution. North-eastern Pakistan, Nepal (new records), India (Himachal Pradesh, Bihar, Sikkim, Odisha, Tamil Nadu), and Sri Lanka (Walker [1865] 1864; Hampson 1900; Reich 1936).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFA8FFB6FF0EFE7AFBB5FD18	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFAAFFB6FF0EFC8FFBC4F99C.text	BB06B339FFAAFFB6FF0EFC8FFBC4F99C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista terminata Moore 1878	<div><p>The Miltochrista terminata species-group</p><p>Diagnosis. In the male genital capsule of the species-group, the valva structure is similar to the M. humilis species-group with its well-developed and slender distal costal and saccular processes, but is distinguished by the modified uncus bearing processes medially or basally, the broad arms of the tegumen fused posteriorly and bearing triangular processes in certain species, and the phallus having a long coecum in a large dorsal process distally of the ductus ejaculatorius. In the female genitalia, the M. terminata species-group is characterised by the large postero-lateral subostial lobes and the antrum bearing a robust crest ventrally.</p><p>Notes. (1) The species-group currently comprises four species including a new one described below. Members of the group display significant variability in their male genitalia structures (illustrated by Bucsek (2020) on the example of M. vidlickai Bucsek, 2020). (2) Miltochrista malayproducta (Bucsek, 2012) was described without dissection of the holotype, which caused confusion with M. jeremyhollowayi (Bucsek, 2014) . The genitalia of the holotypes of both these species were illustrated by Volynkin (2020).</p><p>Species content of the M. terminata species-group</p><p>(Species occurring in India are marked with an asterisk)</p><p>– M. terminata (Moore, 1878) * (TL: India, Khasi Hills)</p><p>– M. vidlickai Bucsek, 2020 (TL: Laos, Houaphanh Prov., Mt. Phu Pane)</p><p>– M. nuranang N. Singh, Volynkin, Černý, Kirti, Datta &amp; S. Singh, sp. nov. * (TL: India, Arunachal Pradesh, Jung [Jang])</p><p>– M. malayproducta (Bucsek, 2012) (TL: Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFAAFFB6FF0EFC8FFBC4F99C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFAAFFB0FF0EF90AFAE9FB01.text	BB06B339FFAAFFB0FF0EF90AFAE9FB01.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista terminata (Moore 1878)	<div><p>Miltochrista terminata (Moore, 1878)</p><p>(Figs 64–72, 123–126, 147, 148)</p><p>Lyclene terminata Moore, 1878, Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1878: 33 (Type locality: “Khasia hills”).</p><p>Type material examined. Lectotype (designated by Hampson (1900)) (Figs 64, 123): ♂, “ Khasia | Hills ” (upper side) “ Lyclene | terminata | type) Moore” (under side) / “Moore Coll. | 94–106.” / red ring “Type” label / blue label “ Arctiidae | genitalia slide | No. 5341♂” / QR-code label with unique ID “ NHMUK010604624 ” (NHMUK).</p><p>Additional material examined. INDIA: Assam: 4 ♂, 1 ♀, Nambor Reserve Forest, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.916664/lat 26.5)">Garampani</a>, 100m, 26°30’N 93°55’E, 21–29.XI.1997, V. Sinyaev &amp; M. Murzin leg., gen. prep. Nos.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1020 ♂, ZSM Arct. 2019- 1028 ♂, ZSM Arct. 2019-1038 ♂, ZSM Arct. 2019-1043 ♂, ZSM Arct. 2019-1044 ♀ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Kaziranga Wildlife, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.166664/lat 26.75)">Pan Bari Reserve Forest</a>, 26°45’N 93°10’E, 100m, 12–21.XI.1997, V. Sinyaev &amp; M. Murzin leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 412/2017 ♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); Meghalaya: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Garo Hills, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.066666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.066666/lat 25.666666)">Nokrek National Park</a>, 25°40’N 91°04’E, 1150m, 2–13.VII.1997, Afonin &amp; Sinyaev leg., gen. prep. Nos.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1034 ♂, ZSM Arct. 2019-1035 ♀ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Pynursala, 11.IX. [20] 14, 1350m, H.S. Datta leg. (NZCZSI, 12637/ H 10); Tamil Nadu: 1 ♂, 1000m, Kalkad Wildlife Sanctuary, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=77.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 77.45/lat 8.25)">Manjolai</a>, 6–7.IV.1997, 8°15’N 77°27’E, tea estate / rainforest, Sinyaev &amp; Schintlmeister leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 281/2017 ♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); MYANMAR: 1 ♂, 25 km E Putao, env. Nan Sa Bon vill., 800m, 6–9. V.1998, Murzin &amp; Sinyaev leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1016 ♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, 21 km E Putao, Nan Sa Bon village, 550m, 1–5. V.1998, Murzin &amp; Sinyaev leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1062 ♀ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Bernardmyo, 5500–7000 ft., V.1890, W. Doherty, unique ID: NHMUK010292578 (NHMUK); THAILAND: 1 ♂, Mae Hong Son Prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.10111&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.802776" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.10111/lat 18.802776)">12 km E Khun Yuam</a>, 1200m, 18°48’10’’N 98°06’04’’E, forest with riparian vegetation, 2. V.2006, K. Černý leg., gen. prep. No.: AV3417 ♂ (CKC).</p><p>Notes. (1) Moore (1878) described the species from the unspecified number of males. Subsequently Hampson (1900) cited only one male specimen as “Type”, which is a valid lectotype designation, according to the Article 74.5 of ICZN (1999). (2) The species greatly varies in its size, forewing width and the forewing pattern elements. In the male genitalia, the size of the medial process of the uncus, the size and shape of the lateral processes of the tegumen, the length of the distal costal process, and the length and width of the cornuti are also variable.</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 9.0– 10.5 mm in males and 10.0– 11.5 mm in females. Miltochrista terminata is superficially largely reminiscent of M. neoseriata and M. nuranang sp. nov. and the reliable identification requires the examination of the genitalia structures. In the male genital capsule, M. terminata is distinguished from M. nuranang sp. nov. by the apically pointed subuncal lobes, and the presence of triangular lateral processes of the tegumen. The phallus of M. terminata is medially upcurved whereas it is almost straight in the similar congener, and the vesica is somewhat broader. The female genitalia of M. terminata differ clearly from M. nuranang sp. nov. in the considerably shorter antrum with a basally narrower but markedly longer ventral crest, the slightly narrower postero-lateral subostial lobes, and the corpus bursae lacking the postero-lateral sclerotised protrusion.</p><p>Distribution. Northeast and South India (Meghalaya, Assam, and Tamil Nadu) (Moore 1878), Myanmar (Kachin State and Mandalay Region) (new record), and Northern Thailand (Mae Hong Son Province) (new record).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFAAFFB0FF0EF90AFAE9FB01	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFACFFB0FF0EFAF6FCB8F860.text	BB06B339FFACFFB0FF0EFAF6FCB8F860.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista vidlickai Bucsek 2020	<div><p>Miltochrista vidlickai Bucsek, 2020</p><p>(Figs 73–76, 127, 128, 149)</p><p>Miltochrista vidlickai Bucsek, 2020, Entomofauna carpathica, 32 (1): 77, figs 37–40 (adults), 77–80 (genitalia) (Type locality: “ Laos, Huaphanne [Houaphanh] Prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.98333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.2" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.98333/lat 20.2)">Mt. Phu Pane</a>, 1200–1900m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.98333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.2" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.98333/lat 20.2)">Ban Saluei</a> v. env., 20°12’N, 103°59’E ”).</p><p>Material examined. VIETNAM: 2 ♂, 1 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.666664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.833334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.666664/lat 20.833334)">Mai-chau</a>, 25 km S Moc-chau, 1400m, 20°50’N 104°40’E, 14– 18.XI.1994, V. Sinyaev leg., gen. prep. Nos.: ZSM Arct. 299/2017 ♂, ZSM Arct. 300/2017 ♀ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); THAILAND: 1 ♂, Changwat Chiang Mai, 23 km NW of Sop Kha, 1 km E of Kop Dong, 1650m, 4.XI.1999, Márton Hreblay leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 288/2017 ♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM) .</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 9.5–11.0 mm in males and 11.5 mm in the female examined; the wingspan of the specimens from Laos is 16–19 mm in males and 17–20 mm in females (Bucsek 2020). Miltochrista vidlickai superficially differs from M. terminata and M. nuranang sp. nov. in the more posteriorly curved medial line of the forewing. The genitalia structures of M. vidlickai are most similar to M. nuranang sp. nov. and the detailed comparison is provided below in the diagnosis of the latter species.</p><p>Distribution. Northern Laos (Houaphanh Province) (Bucsek 2020), Northern Vietnam (Hòa Bình Prov.), and Northern Thailand (Chiang Mai province) (new records).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFACFFB0FF0EFAF6FCB8F860	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFAEFFB2FF0EFF5BFAE9FAE4.text	BB06B339FFAEFFB2FF0EFF5BFAE9FAE4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista nuranang N. Singh, Volynkin, Cerny, Kirti, Datta & S. Singh 2025	<div><p>Miltochrista nuranang N. Singh, Volynkin, Černý, Kirti, Datta &amp; S. Singh, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 77–82, 129, 130, 150)</p><p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 77, 129): ♂, [India, Arunachal Pradesh] “L. Zang [Jang] | Doc. 1.7..[20]18 | Coll.[ected by]: Santosh [Singh]” / handwritten orange label “HT” / printed red label “Holotype” / printed “ ZSI | 1267”, gen. prep. in glycerol by S. Singh (NZCZSI) .</p><p>Paratypes. INDIA. Arunachal Pradesh: 1 ♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.091667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.2/lat 28.091667)">Bomdila</a>, 2427m, 27.vi. [20]18, S. Singh leg. (NZCZSI); Sikkim: 2 ♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.091667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.2/lat 28.091667)">Pangthang</a>, 1650m, 2.vii.2019, S. Singh leg. (NZCZSI); 1 ♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.091667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.2/lat 28.091667)">Golitar</a>, 2080 m, 20.ix.2014, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI); 1 ♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.091667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.2/lat 28.091667)">Pemayangtse</a>, 22.VII.1995, 1900m, E. Afonin &amp; V. Sinyaev leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1041♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); West Bengal: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.091667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.2/lat 28.091667)">Darjeeling</a>, 2000m, 12–20.VIII.1985, W. Thomas leg., gen. prep. Nos.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1003♂, ZSM Arct. 2019-1004♀ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 2000m, Darjeeling, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.091667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.2/lat 28.091667)">Himafalls</a>, 8.VII.1986, W. Thomas leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1005♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1700m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.091667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.2/lat 28.091667)">Kalimpong Algarah</a>, 5–6.VII.1986, W. Thomas leg. (MWM / ZSM); NEPAL: 1 ♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.091667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.2/lat 28.091667)">Ganesh Himal</a>, 1700m, 3 km W Gogne, 28°05.5’N 85°12’E, 23.IX.1995, B. Herczig &amp; Gy.M. László leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1060♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.091667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.2/lat 28.091667)">Surke Danda</a>, 1 km W of Kesawa, 2000m, 16–17.VI.1998, Márton Hreblay &amp; Balázs Benedek leg., gen. prep. Nos.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1063♂, ZSM Arct. 2019-1064♀ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM) .</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 11.0– 11.5 mm in males and 12.0– 12.5 mm in females. Miltochrista nuranang sp. nov. is superficially largely reminiscent of M. neoseriata and M. terminata and the reliable identification requires the examination of the genitalia structures. The male genital capsule of M. nuranang sp. nov. is similar to M. vidlickai but distinguished by the uncus bearing a basal spur dorsally, and the posteriorly tapered tegumen forming two short and apically rounded subuncal lobes. Compared to M. vidlickai, the phallus of the new species is shorter, markedly narrower (in proportion to the genitalia capsule size), and almost straight whereas it is medially upcurved in the congener. In the vesica of M. nuranang sp. nov., both the cornuti are shorter than in M. vidlickai . The female genitalia of M. nuranang sp. nov. differ from M. vidlickai by the considerably longer antrum bearing a basally broader but markedly shorter ventral crest, and the shorter corpus bursae. Additionally, the lateral pockets of the 7 th abdominal sternite of the new species are longer than in the similar congener. The detailed comparison with another similar species, M. terminata is provided above in the diagnosis of the latter species.</p><p>Distribution. The new species is known from Northeast India (Sikkim, north of West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh) and Nepal.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the 100 meters high Nuranang Falls situated near the type locality in Tawang District of Arunachal Pradesh. The name is a noun in nominative singular in apposition.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFAEFFB2FF0EFF5BFAE9FAE4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFAEFFBDFF0EFA93FA8CFE44.text	BB06B339FFAEFFBDFF0EFA93FA8CFE44.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista strigipennis (Herrich-Schaffer 1855)	<div><p>The Miltochrista strigipennis species-group</p><p>Diagnosis. The male genital capsule of the species-group is characterised by the valva lacking the distal costal process and bearing a subapical dense cluster of setae. In the female genitalia, the antrum is short and weakly sclerotised, and the 7 th abdominal sternite lacks lateral sclerotised pockets.</p><p>Note. The species-group is under revision by Volynkin &amp; Černý (in prep.).</p><p>Species content of the M. strigipennis species-group in alphabetical order</p><p>(Species occurring in India are marked with an asterisk)</p><p>– M. andamana (Moore, 1877) * (described in Moore 1877a) (TL: South Andaman, Port Blair)</p><p>– M. circumdata (Walker, [1865]) (TL: Borneo)</p><p>– M. conjunctana (Walker, 1866) * (TL: North India)</p><p>= Miltochrista tessellata Butler, 1881 (TL: India, Darjeeling)</p><p>= Barsine eschara Swinhoe, 1894 (TL: India, Cherrapunji)</p><p>– M. corrigera (Volynkin &amp; Bucsek, 2016) (replacement name for Lyclene undulata Bucsek, 2012)</p><p>= Lyclene undulata Bucsek, 2012 (TL: Malaysia, Pahang distr., Endau Rompin State Park), nec. Swinhoe, 1903 – M. cumseriata (Bucsek, 2012) (TL: Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands)</p><p>– M. evae (Černý, 2016) (TL: SE Thailand, Chantaburi, Pang Nam Ron, Khao Soi Dao)</p><p>– M. pectena (Bucsek, 2012) (TL: Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands)</p><p>– M. poring (Holloway, 2001) (TL: Sabah, Poring, E of Mt. Kinabalu)</p><p>– M. producta (Černý, 2009) * (TL: N. Thailand, Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon NP)</p><p>– M. quadrata (Holloway, 2001) * (TL: Sabah, Poring, E of Mt. Kinabalu)</p><p>– M. strigipennis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855) (TL: “ New Holland ” [erroneous])</p><p>– M. terminospota (N. Singh, Kirti &amp; Joshi in Kirti &amp; N. Singh, 2015)* (TL: India, Karnataka, Dandeli)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFAEFFBDFF0EFA93FA8CFE44	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFA1FFBDFF0EFE32FBBEF93F.text	BB06B339FFA1FFBDFF0EFE32FBBEF93F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista andamana (Moore 1877)	<div><p>Miltochrista andamana (Moore, 1877)</p><p>(Figs 83–85, 131, 151)</p><p>Sesapa andamana Moore, 1877, Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1877 (3): 597 (Type locality: “S. Andamans (Port Blair)”)</p><p>Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein) (Fig. 83): ♀, “ Andamans | 77–6” / “ Sesapa | andamana. | Type Moore” / red ring “Type” label / QR-code label with unique ID “ NHMUK010604629 ” (NHMUK).</p><p>Additional material examined. INDIA: Andaman and Nicobar Islands: 2 ♂, North Andaman, 6 km S Mayabunder, Karmatany, rainforest, 12°50’61’’N 92°56’’E, 17–21.XI.2000, J.-P. Rudloff leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 342/2017 ♂ (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Middle Andaman, 3 km S Tugapure, 12.4889° 92.4929°, 14– 16.VIII.2001, Jan-Peter Rudloff leg., Coll. Dr R. Brechlin, gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 343/2017 ♀ (MWM / ZSM); 3 ♂, Middle Andaman, Tugapure (rainforest), 12°50’72’’N 92°49’29’’E, 22–26.XI.2000, J.-P. Rudloff leg. (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, Middle Andaman, 2.5 km S Rangat, 12.2761° 92.5623°, 12–13.VIII.2001, Jan-Peter Rudloff leg., Coll. Dr R. Brechlin (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, Middle Andaman, 1.5 km E Karmatang, 12.5072° 92.5610°, 17–22.VIII.2001, Jan-Peter Rudloff leg., Coll. Dr R. Brechlin (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, [South Andaman] Mt. Harriet National Park, Port Blair, 200m, 4–6.III.1998, A. Kamenev &amp; V. Sinyaev leg. (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, North Andaman, Stevard Island, 13–18.III.1998, E. Grigoryev &amp; V. Sinyaev leg. (MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Andaman Isles, Moore Coll. 94-106, unique ID: NHMUK010604621, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK010313289 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK); 1 ♂, Betapur [Middle Andaman], 4.i.2018, S. Singh leg. (NZCZSI, 12628/ H 10).</p><p>Note. Moore (1877) described the species without the sex and number of specimens being mentioned. In order to stabilise the nomenclature, the female syntype labelled as “Type” and preserved in NHMUK is hereby designated as the lectotype.</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 6.5–7.5 mm in males and 7.0–8.0 mm in females. Miltochrista andamana is readily distinct from the other members of the species-group due to its ochreous forewing ground colour (it is yellow in the related congeners), the medial line medially convex outwards, and the shorter dashes of the postmedial line touching each other. The male genital capsule of the species is similar to M. quadrata but is distinguished by the considerably shorter and medially narrower uncus, the longer vinculum, and the somewhat broader valva with a shorter and narrower distal section of the valva having a more rounded dorsal corner. The phallus of M. andamana is shorter and narrower than in the similar congener, and with a markedly more elongate, thumb-shaped coecum. Compared to M. quadrata, the vesica of the current species is broader (in proportion to the genital capsule size), having a narrower and conical terminal diverticulum (it is semiglobular in the congener), and bearing three cornuti (vs. two cornuti in M. quadrata). In the female genitalia, M. andamana differs from M. quadrata in the somewhat shorter antrum, and the smaller spines in the posterior clusters in the corpus bursae.</p><p>Distribution. Endemic to the Andaman Archipelago (India) (Moore 1877).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFA1FFBDFF0EFE32FBBEF93F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFA1FFBFFF0EF8EBFDFBFC05.text	BB06B339FFA1FFBFFF0EF8EBFDFBFC05.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista quadrata (Holloway 2001)	<div><p>Miltochrista quadrata (Holloway, 2001)</p><p>(Figs 86–88, 132, 133, 152)</p><p>Lyclene quadrata Holloway, 2001, Moths of Borneo, 7: 347, pl. 4: figs 162, 167 (Type locality: “ Sabah, Poring, 1800ft, E of Mt. Kinabalu ”).</p><p>Type material examined. Holotype (Figs 86, 132): ♂, “ Sabah: | Poring 1800 ’ | E. of Mt. Kinabalu | 20–23.I.1976 ” / “Primary | forest” / “ E.W.Classey | B.M. 1976-116” / “Holotype | Lyclene | quadrata | Holloway” / “Figured specimen | Moths of Borneo | Part 7” / red ring label “HOLO- | TYPE.” / blue label “ Arctiidae | genitalia slide | No. 5209♂” / QR-code label with unique ID “ NHMUK010604635 ” (NHMUK) .</p><p>Additional material examined. INDIA: Assam: 2 ♂, Nambor Reserve Forest, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.916664/lat 26.5)">Garampani</a>, 100m, 26°30’N 93°55’E, 21–29.XI.1997, V. Sinyaev &amp; M. Murzin leg., gen. prep. Nos.: ZSM Arct. 2019-1018 ♂, ZSM Arct. 2019- 1039 ♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); THAILAND: series of both sexes, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang region, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.725235&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.790783" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.725235/lat 8.790783)">Nopphitam</a> env., 276m, 8°47.447’N 99°43.514’E, female 7–9.XII.2007, ex ovo, Karel Černý, gen. prep. Nos.: AV2676 ♂, AV2677 ♀, AV2678 ♂, AV2679 ♀ (CKC); 1 male, Chumphon, 162m, Pa Toh, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.78306&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.768055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.78306/lat 9.768055)">Ban Lang Tang</a>, 9°46’05’’N 98°46’59’’E, 3. V.2008, K. Černý leg., gen. prep. No.: AV3418 ♂ (CKC); MALAYSIA: 1 ♀, same data as holotype, gen. prep. No.: Arctiidae 5364 (NHMUK); 1 ♂, Pahang Distr., Endau Rompin State Park, Camping by <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.336365&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.6195557" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.336365/lat 2.6195557)">Kincin River</a>, 50m, 2°37’10.4’’N 103°20’10.9’’E, 1–13.III.2011, Karol Bucsek leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2019- 610♂ (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); INDONESIA: 2 ♂, Sumatra, Bandar Lampung, Bukit Rigis Mts, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.45166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.0619445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.45166/lat -5.0619445)">Gunung Terang</a>, 1022m, 5°3’43’’S 104°27’6’’E, 13–15.XI.2003, Černý leg., gen. prep. Nos.: AV5419 ♂, AV5521 ♂ (CKC); 2 ♂, Bandar Lampung env., Barisan Mts, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.685585&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.453883" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.685585/lat -5.453883)">Tikungan</a>, 5°27.233’S 104°41.135’E, 506m, 11.XI.2003, Černý leg., gen. prep. Nos.: AV5426 ♂, AV5520 ♂ (CKC); 1 ♂, Prapat, Holzweg [wooden path] 2, 12.IX.1986, E. Diehl leg., gen. prep. No.: AV5430 ♂ (CKC).</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 7.0–8.0 mm in both sexes. The species is variable in its size and the degree of the expression of the forewing markings (demonstrated by Bucsek (2012)). Miltochrista quadrata is superficially reminiscent of a number of taxa in the M. strigipennis species-group, viz. M. circumdata, M. corrigera, M. cumseriata, M. pectena (illustrated by Bucsek 2012), and M. poring (illustrated by Holloway (2001)), and the reliable identification requires the examination of the genitalia structures. The male genitalia of the species are characterised by the relatively broad and rectangular distal section of the valva and the strongly medially dilated uncus. The detailed comparison of the genitalia of both sexes of M. quadrata with M. andamana is provided above in the diagnosis of the latter species.</p><p>Distribution. Malaysia (Borneo and Malay Peninsula) (Holloway 2001; Bucsek 2012), Indonesia (Sumatra Island), Cambodia (Bae et al. 2016), South Thailand (Nakhon Si Thammarat and Chumphon Provinces) and Northeast India (Assam) (new records).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFA1FFBFFF0EF8EBFDFBFC05	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
BB06B339FFA3FFBFFF0EFBF2FBE0F81C.text	BB06B339FFA3FFBFFF0EFBF2FBE0F81C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miltochrista producta (Cerny 2009)	<div><p>Miltochrista producta (Černý, 2009)</p><p>(Figs 89–94, 134, 153)</p><p>Lyclene producta Černý in Černý &amp; Pinratana, 2009, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.470276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.516388" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.470276/lat 18.516388)">Moths</a> of Thailand, 6: 87, pl. 19: figs 174a, 174b (Type locality: “N. Thailand, Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon NP, 1416 m, 18°30’59’’N, 98°28’13’’E ”).</p><p>Type material examined. Holotype (Fig. 89): ♂, “N. Thailand | <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.470276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.516388" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.470276/lat 18.516388)">Chiang Mai-prov.</a> | <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.470276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.516388" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.470276/lat 18.516388)">Doi Inthanon-NP</a>, 1416m | 18°30’59’’N, 98°28’13’’ E | 6.–7.VI.2005 leg. K. | Cerný [recte: Černý]” / red label “HOLOTYPE | Lyclene | producta | Karel ČERNÝ, 2009 ” / “Genitalpräparat | Heterocera | Nr. 33.823 | Museum WITT München” (MWM / ZSM).</p><p>Additional material examined: series of specimens of both sexes from North, Northeast and South India (Assam, Meghalaya, West Bengal, Nagaland, Sikkim, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and Tamil Nadu), Nepal, Northern Thailand (Chiang Mai and Lampang Provinces) and Northern Vietnam (Tuyên Quang and Vĩnh Phúc Provinces) (NZCZSI, MWM / ZSM, CKC).</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 8.5–11.0 mm in males and 10.0– 11.5 mm in females. Although significantly variable in size, M. producta is easily distinguishable from the other congeners by the oblique, dash-shaped discal spot of the forewing and the medially angled medial transverse line. The male genital capsule of M. producta readily differs from the other species in the species-group by the proximally dilated and bilobate distal saccular process which is slender and unilobate in the similar congeners. The phallus and the vesica of M. producta are reminiscent of those of M. andamana but the phallus of the current species is longer and broader, and the vesica is markedly broader and two distal of its three cornuti are considerably shorter and narrower than the proximal one whereas the corresponding cornuti of M. andamana are only slightly shorter and narrower than the proximal one. The female genitalia of M. producta differ from the other taxa in the species-group by the shorter antrum (in proportion to the ovipositor length), and the more elongate corpus bursae bearing smaller spines posteriorly and covered with more robust spinules anteriorly.</p><p>Distribution. The species is currently known from Northeast India (Kirti &amp; Singh 2016), Nepal (new record), Thailand (Černý &amp; Pinratana 2009), Laos (Bucsek 2020), and Vietnam (new record).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB06B339FFA3FFBFFF0EFBF2FBE0F81C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Singh, Santosh;Černý, Karel;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Datta, Harvinder Singh;Singh, Navneet	Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, Santosh, Černý, Karel, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Singh, Navneet (2025): On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hübner with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental Realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 5566 (3): 401-445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.1
