identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
D32A87D6FF98FFF7A54D931DFD7B70CF.text	D32A87D6FF98FFF7A54D931DFD7B70CF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coturnix Garsault 1764	<div><p>COTURNIX Garsault, 1764</p><p>The fossils are referred to  Coturnix rather than to other genera of  Galliformes, because of their size (this genus includes the sole small-sized  Galliformes from the western Palaearctic and north-western tropical regions) and the characters listed by Holman (1964), Olson (1976), Fitzgerald (1969) and Dyke et al. (2003), such as the characteristically short and slightly curved premaxilla, with great apertura nasi ossea, the welldeveloped secondary fossa pneumotricipitalis on the proximal end of humerus, the characteristically flat and curved ulnae, the reduced processus pisiformis at the carpometacarpus, the femur relatively long and slightly curved, and the size of the crista cnemialis cranialis with respect to the crista cnemialis lateralis. All the bones here studied agree with the morphology of bones of  Coturnix, detailed by Fitzgerald (1969), although they differ from  C. coturnix in size and proportions.</p><p>The new fossil bones of quail from the Macaronesian islands were compared with common quail ( C. coturnix) bones from extant specimens and with unarticulated fossils from Es Pouàs ( Late Quaternary, Eivissa, Balearic Isands) (Supporting Information, Table S1), and with bones of the Canary Island extinct quail ( C. gomerae) (specimens of type series from Bujero del Silo, La Gomera). The Afrotropical harlequin quail,  Coturnix delegorguei Delegorgue, 1847, has bones of similar size to those of  C. coturnix (measurements of the sole available skeleton are given by Jaume et al., 1993).</p><p>EXTINCT MACARONESIAN QUAILS</p><p>Coturnix lignorum Rando, Alcover, Pieper, Olson,</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D32A87D6FF98FFF7A54D931DFD7B70CF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Rando, Juan C.;Alcover, Josep A.;Pieper, Harald;Olson, Storrs L.;Hernández, C. Nayra;López-Jurado, L. Felipe	Rando, Juan C., Alcover, Josep A., Pieper, Harald, Olson, Storrs L., Hernández, C. Nayra, López-Jurado, L. Felipe (2020): Unforeseen diversity of quails (Galliformes: Phasianidae: Coturnix) in oceanic islands provided by the fossil record of Macaronesia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188: 1296-1317
D32A87D6FF93FFFDA4C191C9FD7A74A0.text	D32A87D6FF93FFFDA4C191C9FD7A74A0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Age Diakonoff 1982	<div><p>Age:  Late Quaternary.</p><p>Status: Extinct.</p><p>Etymology: From Latin ala, wing, and brevis, short, in reference to the small size of the forelimb (wing) bones.</p><p>Paratypes: Complete or near-complete bones collected, separately or jointly, by H. Pieper, O. Runze and K. Groh. Porto dos Frades site:  MMF 47332, L tbt;  MMF 47333, L tbt;  MMF 47334, L tbt;  MMF 47335, L tbt;  MMF 47336, R tbt;  MMF 47337, R tbt;  MMF 47339, R tbt;  MMF 47340, R tbt;  MMF 47341, R tbt;  MMF 47342, R tbt;  MMF 47343, L fem;  MMF 47344, L fem;  MMF 47345, L fem;  MMF 47346, L fem;  MMF 47347, R fem;  MMF 47349, R fem;  MMF 47350, R fem;  MMF 47351, R fem;  MMF 47352, R fem;  MMF 47353, R fem;  MMF 47354, R fem;  MMF 47355, L tmt;  MMF 47357, L tmt;  MMF 47358, L tmt;  MMF 47359, L tmt;  MMF 47360, L tmt;  MMF 47361, L tmt;  MMF 47362, L tmt;  MMF 47363, L tmt;  MMF 47364, R tmt;  MMF 47365, R tmt;  MMF 47366, R tmt;  MMF 47367, R tmt;  MMF 47368, R tmt;  MMF 47369, R tmt;  MMF 47370, R tmt;  MMF 47371, R tmt;  MMF 47372, R tmt;  MMF 47373, R tmt;  MMF 47374, L hum;  MMF 47375, L hum;  MMF 47376, L hum;  MMF 47377, L hum;  MMF 47378, L hum;  MMF 47379, L hum;  MMF 47380, L hum;  MMF 47381, L hum;  MMF 47383, R hum;  MMF 47384, R hum;  MMF 47385, R hum;  MMF 47386, R hum;  MMF 47387, R hum;  MMF 47388, L uln;  MMF 47389, L uln;  MMF 47390, L uln;  MMF 47391, L uln;  MMF 47392, L uln;  MMF 47393, R uln;  MMF 47394, R uln;  MMF 47395, R uln;  MMF 47396, R uln;  MMF 47397, R uln;  MMF 47398, L cmc;  MMF 47399, L cmc;  MMF 47400, L cmc;  MMF 47401, R cmc;  MMF 47403, R cmc;  MMF 47404, R cmc;  MMF 47405, R cmc;  MMF 47406, R cmc;  MMF 47407, L cor;  MMF 47409, L cor;  MMF 47410, R cor;  MMF 47411, R cor;  MMF 47413, pmx;  MMF 47414, pmx;  MMF 47415, pmx;  IMEDEA 106879, R fem;  IMEDEA 106880, L tmt;   IMEDEA 106881, L hum.  Fonte da Areia site :  MMF 47338, R tbt;  MMF 47348, R fem;  MMF 47356, L tmt;  MMF 47382, R hum;  MMF 47402, R cmc;  MMF 47408, L cor;  MMF 47412, R cor .</p><p>Diagnosis: All the bones of this species are much smaller than those of  C. lignorum from the main island of Madeira. Hindlimb bones are close in size to those of  C. coturnix and  C. gomerae (Table 1), but with smaller and more slender coracoid and forelimb bones (Fig. 3).  Coturnix alabrevis shows similar bone lengths and proportions to the extinct quail from São Vicente (Cape Verde). All forelimb bones and the femur of both species are similar in size, but the tibiotarsus of  C. alabrevis is longer and the tarsometatarsus slightly larger (Figs 3, 5).</p><p>Description and comparisons: In addition to the differences in length, some characteristic features in comparison with  C.coturnix can be identified:a longer and stouter premaxilla; slender humerus with a less developed fossa pneumotricipitalis and crista deltopectoralis; slender ulna with a smaller cotyla dorsalis; slender coracoid with a small labrum internum coracoidei; a stouter femur with a deeper fossa poplitea and crista tibiofibularis more prominent, and with the condylus lateralis and medialis more robust; stout tibiotarsus with a higher crista patellaris, crista cnemialis lateralis and crista cnemialis cranialis more prominent, and a deeper fossa retrocristalis; a more robust tarsometatarsus with cotyla medialis and cotyla lateralis wider and deeper, and bigger trochlea metatarsi II, III and IV.</p><p>Coturnix centensis Rando, Alcover, Pieper, Olson,</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D32A87D6FF93FFFDA4C191C9FD7A74A0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Rando, Juan C.;Alcover, Josep A.;Pieper, Harald;Olson, Storrs L.;Hernández, C. Nayra;López-Jurado, L. Felipe	Rando, Juan C., Alcover, Josep A., Pieper, Harald, Olson, Storrs L., Hernández, C. Nayra, López-Jurado, L. Felipe (2020): Unforeseen diversity of quails (Galliformes: Phasianidae: Coturnix) in oceanic islands provided by the fossil record of Macaronesia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188: 1296-1317
D32A87D6FF92FFFEA06396BAFE0975B2.text	D32A87D6FF92FFFEA06396BAFE0975B2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coturnix undefined-A	<div><p>COTURNIX SP. A</p><p>(FIGS 3–5)</p><p>Owing to the scarcity of material of this taxon, we refer to it as an unnamed species of  Coturnix . The material from the island of Bugio (archipelago of Madeira; Fig. 1) consists of 25 bones (16 in fragmentary condition). All lengths of these bones are within or close to the range of variation of  C. gomerae, with the tibiotarsus being the only bone that seems to be slightly longer in the sample from Bugio (Fig. 4; Table 1). Significant differences were found between femur lengths of  Coturnix from Bugio and  C. lignorum (U = −2.569; P = 0.01),  C. alabrevis (U = −2.354; P = 0.019) and  C. coturnix (U = −2.569; P = 0.01), but not with those of  C. gomerae (U = −1.443; P = 0.149). The scarcity of material on Bugio does not rule out the possibility that these bones belong to the Canarian quail, but the poor flight ability of this species suggests the existence of an endemic extinct quail on this islet that was convergent with  C. gomerae and different from the geographically closer  C. lignorum and  C. alabrevis (Fig. 1).</p><p>Distribution: Bugio Islet, Desertas Islands, Madeira archipelago, Portugal.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D32A87D6FF92FFFEA06396BAFE0975B2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Rando, Juan C.;Alcover, Josep A.;Pieper, Harald;Olson, Storrs L.;Hernández, C. Nayra;López-Jurado, L. Felipe	Rando, Juan C., Alcover, Josep A., Pieper, Harald, Olson, Storrs L., Hernández, C. Nayra, López-Jurado, L. Felipe (2020): Unforeseen diversity of quails (Galliformes: Phasianidae: Coturnix) in oceanic islands provided by the fossil record of Macaronesia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188: 1296-1317
D32A87D6FF91FFFEA4C19351FDC8766E.text	D32A87D6FF91FFFEA4C19351FDC8766E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Age Diakonoff 1982	<div><p>Age:  Late Quaternary.</p><p>Status: Extinct.</p><p>Material: All material was collected by Francis Zino. MMF 47416, L cor; MMF 47417 R hum; MMF 47418 R fem; MMF 47419, R tmt; MMF 47420, L fem; MMF 47421, L tbt dis frag; MMF 47422, R tmt dis frag; MMF 47423, L cmc; MMF 47424, L cor dis frag; MMF 47425, L tbt; MMF 47426, L tbt dis frag; MMF 47427, L cor dis frag; MMF 47428, R fem; MMF 47429, L fem prox frag; MMF 47430, R fem dis frag; MMF 47431, R tbt; MMF 47432, R tbt prox frag; MMF 47433, L tbt prox frag; MMF 47434, R tmt frag; MMF 47435, R hum frag; MMF 47436, L hum prox frag; MMF 47437, R cor dis frag; MMF 47438, R sca prox frag; MMF 47439, T tbt prox frag; MMF 47440, L tbt prox frag.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D32A87D6FF91FFFEA4C19351FDC8766E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Rando, Juan C.;Alcover, Josep A.;Pieper, Harald;Olson, Storrs L.;Hernández, C. Nayra;López-Jurado, L. Felipe	Rando, Juan C., Alcover, Josep A., Pieper, Harald, Olson, Storrs L., Hernández, C. Nayra, López-Jurado, L. Felipe (2020): Unforeseen diversity of quails (Galliformes: Phasianidae: Coturnix) in oceanic islands provided by the fossil record of Macaronesia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188: 1296-1317
D32A87D6FF91FFFEA4C197B5FEAB73CA.text	D32A87D6FF91FFFEA4C197B5FEAB73CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Age Diakonoff 1982	<div><p>Age:  Late Quaternary.</p><p>Status: Extinct.</p><p>Materials: Collected by H. Pieper. MCMa 2320.018, R fem; MCMa 2321.018, L tbt dis frag; MCMa 2322.018, L tbt dis frag.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D32A87D6FF91FFFEA4C197B5FEAB73CA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Rando, Juan C.;Alcover, Josep A.;Pieper, Harald;Olson, Storrs L.;Hernández, C. Nayra;López-Jurado, L. Felipe	Rando, Juan C., Alcover, Josep A., Pieper, Harald, Olson, Storrs L., Hernández, C. Nayra, López-Jurado, L. Felipe (2020): Unforeseen diversity of quails (Galliformes: Phasianidae: Coturnix) in oceanic islands provided by the fossil record of Macaronesia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188: 1296-1317
D32A87D6FF91FFFEA75993C1FAC77167.text	D32A87D6FF91FFFEA75993C1FAC77167.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Age Diakonoff 1982	<div><p>Age:  Late Quaternary.</p><p>Materials: Collected by E. Torres, J. C. Illera, H. Pieper, J. C. Rando and J. A. Alcover at Furna do Calcinhas (Caldeira Volcano). MCMa 2323.018, L tmt; MCMa 2324.018, R tmt dis; MCMa 2325.018, R hum prox; MCMa 2326.018, R fem dis; MCMa 2327.018, R hum dis; MCMa 2328.018, L hum dis; MCMa 2329.018, L hum dis; MCMa 2330.018, L hum prox; MCMa 2331.018, R cor; MCMa 2332.018, R cor frag; MCMa 2333.018, R cor frag; MCMa 2334.018, L cor frag; MCMa 2335.018, R cor frag; MCMa 2336.018, L tbt frag; MCMa 2337.018, L tbt prox; MCMa 2338.018, R tbt frag; MCMa 2339.018, L tbt frag; MCMa 2340.018, L hum; MCMa 2341.018, L hum prox frag; MCMa 2342.018, L uln; MCMa 2343.018, L uln; MCMa 2344.018, R uln; MCMa 2345.018, R uln; MCMa 2346.018, L cor; MCMa 2347.018, L cor; MCMa 2348.018, L cor; MCMa 2349.018, MCMa 2350.018, L cor; MCMa 2351.018, L fem; MCMa 2352.018, R tmt; MCMa 2353.018, R tmt; MCMa 2354.018, pmx.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D32A87D6FF91FFFEA75993C1FAC77167	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Rando, Juan C.;Alcover, Josep A.;Pieper, Harald;Olson, Storrs L.;Hernández, C. Nayra;López-Jurado, L. Felipe	Rando, Juan C., Alcover, Josep A., Pieper, Harald, Olson, Storrs L., Hernández, C. Nayra, López-Jurado, L. Felipe (2020): Unforeseen diversity of quails (Galliformes: Phasianidae: Coturnix) in oceanic islands provided by the fossil record of Macaronesia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188: 1296-1317
D32A87D6FF91FFFEA794961EFAC07011.text	D32A87D6FF91FFFEA794961EFAC07011.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coturnix coturnix	<div><p>COTURNIX COTURNIX</p><p>A few bones that can be attributed to this species were found in the islands of Madeira (two ulnae and one tarsometatarsus) and Porto Santo (two humeri and one carpometacarpus), in the same sites where the bones of the endemic extinct quails were collected. All the traits that can be measured (1–10, 18 and 20–22) are within the range of variation of  C. coturnix .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D32A87D6FF91FFFEA794961EFAC07011	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Rando, Juan C.;Alcover, Josep A.;Pieper, Harald;Olson, Storrs L.;Hernández, C. Nayra;López-Jurado, L. Felipe	Rando, Juan C., Alcover, Josep A., Pieper, Harald, Olson, Storrs L., Hernández, C. Nayra, López-Jurado, L. Felipe (2020): Unforeseen diversity of quails (Galliformes: Phasianidae: Coturnix) in oceanic islands provided by the fossil record of Macaronesia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188: 1296-1317
D32A87D6FF91FFFEA5199110FE9870E0.text	D32A87D6FF91FFFEA5199110FE9870E0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coturnix undefined-B	<div><p>COTURNIX SP. B</p><p>(FIG. 5)</p><p>This material probably represents a new endemic extinct quail from Santa Maria, Azores, although the material is insufficient to confirm, define and name, and we refer to it with an open terminology as an unnamed species of  Coturnix . The Santa Maria material consists of three bones (two distal fragments of tibiotarsus and one almost complete femur). The length of the femur (~ 41.6 mm) and the stouter conditions of all fragments indicate that this specimen cannot be assigned to  C. coturnix (Fig. 4). The length of the femur is close to, but slightly longer than, those of  C. alabrevis from Porto Santo (range 36.4– 39 mm) and  C. gomerae from the Canary Islands (37.2– 40 mm) and slightly shorter than those of  C. lignorum of Madeira (42.1–45.1 mm) (Table 1).</p><p>Distribution: Santa Maria Island, Azores archipelago, Portugal.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D32A87D6FF91FFFEA5199110FE9870E0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Rando, Juan C.;Alcover, Josep A.;Pieper, Harald;Olson, Storrs L.;Hernández, C. Nayra;López-Jurado, L. Felipe	Rando, Juan C., Alcover, Josep A., Pieper, Harald, Olson, Storrs L., Hernández, C. Nayra, López-Jurado, L. Felipe (2020): Unforeseen diversity of quails (Galliformes: Phasianidae: Coturnix) in oceanic islands provided by the fossil record of Macaronesia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188: 1296-1317
D32A87D6FF91FFFEA51994BBFC3074CC.text	D32A87D6FF91FFFEA51994BBFC3074CC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coturnix undefined-C	<div><p>COTURNIX SP. C</p><p>(FIGS 3, 5)</p><p>The Graciosa material consists of 31 bones (complete and fragmented), but owing to the scarcity and poor condition of the material of this quail, we refer to it as  Coturnix sp. The long bone lengths are close to or fall inside the lower range of variation of  C. coturnix (Table 1). The sole premaxilla found is stouter than in  C. coturnix (Fig. 3).</p><p>Distribution: Graciosa Island, Azores archipelago, Portugal.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D32A87D6FF91FFFEA51994BBFC3074CC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Rando, Juan C.;Alcover, Josep A.;Pieper, Harald;Olson, Storrs L.;Hernández, C. Nayra;López-Jurado, L. Felipe	Rando, Juan C., Alcover, Josep A., Pieper, Harald, Olson, Storrs L., Hernández, C. Nayra, López-Jurado, L. Felipe (2020): Unforeseen diversity of quails (Galliformes: Phasianidae: Coturnix) in oceanic islands provided by the fossil record of Macaronesia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188: 1296-1317
D32A87D6FF91FFFFA7599701FEBE7376.text	D32A87D6FF91FFFFA7599701FEBE7376.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Age Diakonoff 1982	<div><p>Age: Holocene–Recent.</p><p>Status: Extant.</p><p>Material: Collected by H. Pieper, O. Runze and K. Groh Main. Sand Place Site (Ponta de São Lourenço, Madeira Island): MMF 47441, R uln; MMF 47442, L uln. Ribeira Groh Site (Ponta de São Lourenço, Madeira Island): MMF 47443, L tmt. Fonte da Areia Site (Porto Santo Island): MMF 47444 L cmc; MMF 47445, L hum prox frag; MMF 47446 R hum.</p><p>COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY</p><p>The MANOVA performed with femur, tibiotarsus and tarsometatarsus lengths (traits 13, 17 and 20; Table 1) of  C. lignorum,  C. alabrevis,  C. centensis,  C. gomerae and both samples of  C. coturnix identified significant morphological differences among quails (Wilks' λ = 0.02; d.f. = 15, 105; P &lt;0.001) for the three bones (F = 111; d.f. = 5, 46; P &lt;0.001 for the femur; F = 117; d.f. = 5, 46; P &lt;0.001 for the tibiotarsus; and F = 28; d.f. = 5, 46; P &lt;0.001 for the tarsometarsus).  Coturnix lignorum has the longest leg bones of the sample (P &lt;0.001 in all comparisons).  Coturnix alabrevis shows significant differences from  C. gomerae in the length of the femur (P = 0.001), but not for the tibiotarsus (P = 0.26) and tarsometatarsus (P = 0.45).  Coturnix alabrevis shows no significant differences from  C. centensis in the length of the femur (P = 0.2), but the quail from Cape Verde had a smaller tibiotarsus (P &lt;0.001) and tarsometatarsus (P = 0.005). In addition,  C. alabrevis shows no significant differences from either sample of  C. coturnix, current (P = 0.21) and  Late Quaternary specimens from Eivissa (P = 0.054), in tarsometatarsus length. However, both samples of  C. coturnix have significantly shorter femurs (P &lt;0.001) and tibiotarsi (P &lt;0.001) than  C. alabrevis . In contrast,  C. gomerae shows significantly longer femurs (P &lt;0.001) and tibiotarsi (P &lt;0.001) than in any sample of  C. coturnix, but the tarsometarsus is of similar size (P&gt; 0.35). No significant differences were found between current and  Late Quaternary samples of  C. coturnix (P = 0.17 for femur; P = 0.62 for tibiotarsus; and P = 0.38 for tarsometatasus length).  Coturnix centensis shows a smaller femur (P &lt;0.001) and tibiotarsus (P = 0.028) than  C. gomerae, but the tarsometatarsus is of the same size (P = 0.074).</p><p>Despite  C. lignorum having longer and stouter hindlimb bones (Fig. 4), it has a humerus of similar size to that of  C. gomerae (U = −1.698; P = 0.89) and  C. coturnix (U = −0.34; P = 0.734) but significantly longer than  C. alabrevis (U = −4.684; P &lt;0.001). The ANOVA performed with the humerus lengths of this last species and those of  C. gomerae,  C. centensis and  C. coturnix identified significant morphological differences (F 4,76 = 77.57, P &lt;0.001).  Coturnix alabrevis has a shorter humerus than  C. gomerae or  C. coturnix (P &lt;0.001 for both cases), but the humerus is of the same size as those of  C. centensis (P = 0.976).  Coturnix coturnix and  C. gomerae have a humerus of similar size (P&gt; 0.7).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D32A87D6FF91FFFFA7599701FEBE7376	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Rando, Juan C.;Alcover, Josep A.;Pieper, Harald;Olson, Storrs L.;Hernández, C. Nayra;López-Jurado, L. Felipe	Rando, Juan C., Alcover, Josep A., Pieper, Harald, Olson, Storrs L., Hernández, C. Nayra, López-Jurado, L. Felipe (2020): Unforeseen diversity of quails (Galliformes: Phasianidae: Coturnix) in oceanic islands provided by the fossil record of Macaronesia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188: 1296-1317
