identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
FB4E87C8817CD500FF06C455D754A819.text	FB4E87C8817CD500FF06C455D754A819.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lysiteles falcifer Liu & Zhang 2025	<div><p>Lysiteles falcifer sp. nov. (șḛēse)</p><p>Figs 2–4</p><p>Type material.   Holotype ♂ (MHBU-ARA- 2022-95-1) from CHINA: Yunnan Province: Lincang City, Shuangjiang County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.865&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.424" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.865/lat 23.424)">Mengmeng Town</a>, 23.424°N, 99.865°E, alt. 1969 m, 15 June 2022, Lu Zhang leg.</p><p>Paratypes: 1♂, 3♀ (MHBU-ARA- 2022-95-2–5), with same data as holotype, but collected by Weihang Wang, Mengjiao Xu and Zhiyong Yang.</p><p>Etymology. The specific name comes from the Latin word  “ falcifer ”, which means sickle-bearing or scytheholding, reflecting the sickle-shaped embolus; adjective.</p><p>Diagnosis. This new species aligns with the diagnostic characteristics of genus  Lysiteles Simon, 1985, but can be characterized by the shape of embolus, RTA and copulatory duct, especially the sickle-shaped embolus. This new species resembles  Lysiteles bicuspidatus Yu, Li and Jin, 2017 (Yu et al. 2017: 1077, figs 1–2) in having similar tegulum and body color pattern, but can be distinguished from the latter by the sickle-shaped embolus (vs. drill-shaped in  L. bicuspidatus) and the non-bifurcate RTA (vs. bifurcate in  L. bicuspidatus). It also resembles  L. transversus Tang, Yin, Peng, Ubick and Griswold, 2008 (Tang et al. 2008: 36, figs 19 h–i) in having similar atrium and spermathecae, but can be distinguished by the less tapering copulatory ducts (vs. tapering in  L. transversus).</p><p>Description. Male holotype (Figs 2A, C, E, 3A–E): Measurements. Total length 2.74; carapace 1.38 long, 1.35 wide; opisthosoma 1.56 long, 1.35 wide; clypeus height 0.25. Labium 0.44 long, 0.22 wide. Sternum 0.74 long, 0.66 wide. Diameters and interdistances of eyes: AME 0.09, ALE 0.158, PME 0.09, PLE 0.11; AME–AME 0.15, AME– ALE 0.13, ALE–ALE 0.6, PME–PME 0.22, PME–PLE 0.26, PLE–PLE 0.76, ALE–PLE 0.19. Leg measurements: Ⅰ 5.33 (1.58, 0.58, 1.36, 1.15, 0.66), II 4.45 (1.65, 0.66, 1.44, 1.06, 0.70), III 2.22 (0.10, 0.35, 0.78, 0.58, 0.41), IV 3.12 (0.98, 0.30, 0.78, 0.63, 0.43); leg formula 1243. Coloration in ethanol (Figs. 2A, C, E). Carapace yellow with a pair of paramedian brownish stripes. Chelicerae and eye field blackish brown. Sternum yellow. Legs pale-yellow. Endites and labium yellowish brown. Opisthosoma oval, dorsum off-white, anteriorly with a pair of symmetrical red curved strips, medially with two sets of small white spots, posteriorly with two pairs of large and a pair of small blackish brown transverse stripes; venter pale-yellow, laterally with brown stripes.</p><p>Palp (Fig. 3A–C). Bulb simple; tegulum oval; embolus sickle-shaped with spout-shaped apex, thick and straight base, and sharp dorsal process; VTA hook-shaped, curving prolaterally and dorsally at apex; ITA absent; RTA dagger-shaped, curving at apex.</p><p>Female (one of the paratypes; MHBU-ARA-2022-95-3) (Figs 2B, D, F, 4A–B): Measurements. Total length 2.77; carapace 1.39 long, 1.42 wide; opisthosoma 1.55 long, 1.62 wide; clypeus height 0.22; labium 0.42 long, 0.24 wide; sternum 0.75 long, 0.66 wide. Diameters and interdistances of eyes: AME 0.10, ALE 0.15, PME 0.08, PLE 0.12; AME–AME 0.16, AME–ALE 0.20, ALE–ALE 0.74, PME–PME 0.26, PME–PLE 0.31, PLE–PLE 0.85, ALE–PLE 0.22. Leg measurements: Ⅰ 4.09 (1.31, 0.44, 1.04, 0.72, 0.58), II 4.35 (1.41, 0.49, 1.09, 0.76, 0.60), III 2.84 (0.90, 0.37, 0.72, 0.47, 0.38), IV 3.03 (1.00, 0.36, 0.73, 0.53, 0.41); leg formula: 2143. Coloration in ethanol. similar to male, but carapace darker, opisthosoma lighter than male; chelicerae and eye field yellowish brown, same as carapace; carapace with wider stripes extending to the lateral margins; opisthosoma medially with two pairs of white stripes.</p><p>Epigynum and vulva (Fig. 4A, B). Atrium distinct with arch-shaped hood, copulatory openings originating under sclerotized edge. Copulatory ducts broad and curved in J-shape, almost as wide as half of width of spermathecae, anteriorly with accessory glands; spermathecae pyriform-shaped.</p><p>Distribution. China (Yunnan).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB4E87C8817CD500FF06C455D754A819	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liu, Chang;Zhang, Feng	Liu, Chang, Zhang, Feng (2025): Three new species of crab-spiders (Araneae: Thomisidae) from Yunnan, China. Zootaxa 5632 (2): 377-389, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5632.2.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5632.2.10
FB4E87C88178D50CFF06C588D754AE4D.text	FB4E87C88178D50CFF06C588D754AE4D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pharta tridens Liu & Zhang 2025	<div><p>Pharta tridens sp. nov. (三叉aṣse)</p><p>Figs 5–7</p><p>Type material.   Holotype ♂ (MHBU-ARA- 2023-43-1) from CHINA: Yunnan Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.239&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.602" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.239/lat 24.602)">Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture</a>, Lianghe County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.239&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.602" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.239/lat 24.602)">Kazi Village</a>, 24.602°N, 98.239°E, alt. 1412 m, 13 April 2023, leg. Weihang Wang and Zhiyong Yang.</p><p>Paratype: 1♀ (MHBU-ARA- 2023-43-2), with same data as holotype .</p><p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from Latin word  “ tridēns ”, meaning trident, the three-tined spear, reflecting the trident-shaped mark on carapace; noun.</p><p>Diagnosis. This new species shares the diagnostic characteristics of  Pharta Thorell, 1891,but can be distinguished by following combinations of traits: 1) In males: the basal origin of embolus, the shape of the conductor and the absence of RTA; 2) In females: the shape of CD, relative position of CO and the contiguous spermathecae. This new species resembles  Pharta brevipalpus (Simon, 1903) (cf. Ono &amp; Song 1986: 26, figs 2–3; 27, figs 5–6) in having similar palpal bulb, embolus and epigynum, but can be distinguished by the conductor with relatively straight edge (vs. curved edge in  P. brevipalpus), the absence of RTA (vs. wide RTA in  P. brevipalpus), and the kidney-shaped, closely situated spermathecae (vs. oval and distinctly separated from each other in  P. brevipalpus).</p><p>Description. Male holotype (Figs 5A, C, E, 6): Measurements. Total length 3.38; carapace 1.80 long, 1.81 wide; opisthosoma 2.00 long, 1.64 wide; clypeus height 0.14; labium 0.25 long, 0.35 wide; sternum 0.94 long, 0.87 wide; chelicerae with three promarginal and three retromarginal teeth. Diameters and interdistances of eyes: AME 0.05, ALE 0.14, PME 0.12, PLE 0.15; AME–AME 0.07, AME–ALE 0.03, ALE–ALE 0.18, PME–PME 0.08, PME–PLE 0.07, PLE–PLE 0.41, ALE–PLE 0.09. Leg measurements: Ⅰ 7.18 (2.13, 0.58, 2.13, 1.71, 0.63), II 8.03 (2.40, 0.81, 2.31, 1.82, 0.69), III 4.63 (1.43, 0.56, 1.20, 1.01, 0.43), IV 5.14 (1.61, 0.58, 1.32, 1.14, 0.49); leg formula: 2143. Coloration in ethanol. Carapace yellow with brown trident-shaped mark and paramedian spots. Eye field brown. Chelicerae brown with two pairs of black stripes. Endites, labium and sternum pale-yellow. Legs pale-yellow, legs Ⅰ darker. Opisthosoma dorsum off-white with brown and white spots, laterally with two pairs of blackish-brown stripes; venter white to pale-yellow.</p><p>Palp (Figs 5). Tegulum oval; conductor axe-shaped, anterior part folded into a furrow; embolus thread-like, originating at approximately 6 o’clock, with tip extending inside conductor furrow; VTA digitiform, curving medially and dorsally; ITA and RTA absent.</p><p>Female (paratype MHBU-ARA-2023-43-2) (Fig. 5B, D, F): Measurements. Total length 4.9; carapace 0.89 long, 1.82 wide; opisthosoma 2.91 long, 3.24 wide; clypeus height 0.28; labium 0.24 long, 0.31 wide; sternum 0.91 long, 0.78 wide; chelicerae with three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth. Diameters and interdistances of eyes: AME 0.04, ALE 0.13, PME 0.09, PLE 0.12; AME–AME 0.1, AME–ALE 0.02, ALE–ALE 0.24, PME–PME 0.11, PME–PLE 0.1, PLE–PLE 0.48, ALE–PLE 0.11. Leg measurements: Ⅰ 6.95 (2.16, 0.82, 2.02, 1.45, 0.50), II 6.55 (2.06, 0.70, 1.89, 1.41, 0.49), III 3.76 (1.21, 0.49, 0.95, 0.70, 0.41), IV 4.37 (1.37, 0.51, 1.12, 0.89, 0.48); leg formula:1243. Coloration in ethanol. body similar to male, but lighter, legs Ⅰ brown.</p><p>Epigynum and vulva (Fig 7A, B). Atrium small, indistinct, copulatory openings originated anteriorly. Copulatory duct curved, C-shaped, spermathecae kidney-shaped, touching each other.</p><p>Distribution. China (Yunnan).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB4E87C88178D50CFF06C588D754AE4D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liu, Chang;Zhang, Feng	Liu, Chang, Zhang, Feng (2025): Three new species of crab-spiders (Araneae: Thomisidae) from Yunnan, China. Zootaxa 5632 (2): 377-389, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5632.2.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5632.2.10
FB4E87C88174D50CFF06C3BDD4D7AACD.text	FB4E87C88174D50CFF06C3BDD4D7AACD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tmarus scopulus Liu & Zhang 2025	<div><p>Tmarus scopulus sp. nov. (ṳẽẹne)</p><p>Figs 8–9</p><p>Type material.   Holotype ♂ (MHBU-ARA- 2023-47-1) from CHINA: Yunnan Province: Dehong Dai and <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=97.82737&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.382458" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 97.82737/lat 24.382458)">Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture</a>, Longchuan County, 24.382458°N, 97.827372°E, alt. 1713m, 18 April 2023, leg. by Weihang Wang and Zhiyong Yang.</p><p>Etymology. The specific name  “ scopulus ” is a Latin noun meaning “rock”. The coloration and shape of the species’ opisthosoma reminds the first author of a barnacle covered reef on the shore.</p><p>Diagnosis. This new species aligns with the diagnostic characteristics of the genus  Tmarus Simon, 1875 but can be easily recognized by its scoop-shaped ITA. This new species resembles  Tmarus byssinus Tang &amp; Li, 2009 (Tang and Li 2009: 50, figs 1B–D) in having similar embolus and VTA, but can be distinguished by the longer and scoop-shaped ITA on tibia (vs. ITA relatively shorter), the short RTA (vs. RTA relatively longer), and the embolic tip expending to approximately 5 to 6 o’clock position (vs. tip at 3 o’clock in  T. byssinus).</p><p>Description. Male holotype (Fig. 8): Measurements. Total length 4.89; carapace 2.20 long, 2.09 wide; opisthosoma 2.90 long, 1.50 wide; clypeus height 0.32; labium 0.50 long, 0.25 wide; sternum 1.20 long, 0.93 wide. Diameters and interdistances of eyes: AME 0.08, ALE 0.20, PME 0.08, PLE 0.19; AME–AME 0.16, AME–ALE 0.16, ALE–ALE 0.64, PME–PME 0.22, PME–PLE 0.33, PLE–PLE 1.04, ALE–PLE 0.20. Leg measurements: Ⅰ 11.78 (3.41, 1.09, 3.24, 2.78, 1.26), II 11.47 (3.34, 0.93, 3.10, 2.76, 1.34), III 5.53 (1.84, 0.49, 1.65, 0.94, 0.61), IV 5.78 (1.86, 0.60, 1.65, 1.00, 0.67); leg formula:1243. Coloration in ethanol. Carapace pale-yellow, with blackish-brown spots, a pair of blackish-brown, radial furrow with dark margin, cervical groove with a pair of blackish-brown marks. Eye field and chelicerae brown with dark spots. Endites and labium white to pale-yellow. Sternum yellow with dark spots. Legs pale-yellow. Opisthosoma dorsum black to dark-green, with symmetrical claret-red to dark-red spots and bilateral pair of off-white patterns; venter grey with wooden brown stripe medially.</p><p>Palp (Fig. 9). Tegulum flat; embolus long and thread-like, extending from 3 o’clock and turning clockwise to approximately 4 o’clock position, rotating little more than full circle; VTA hook-shaped; ITA scoop-shaped, with wrinkles on its lateral surface; RTA subconical, relatively short and dark.</p><p>Distribution. China (Yunnan).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB4E87C88174D50CFF06C3BDD4D7AACD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liu, Chang;Zhang, Feng	Liu, Chang, Zhang, Feng (2025): Three new species of crab-spiders (Araneae: Thomisidae) from Yunnan, China. Zootaxa 5632 (2): 377-389, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5632.2.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5632.2.10
