taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
FC53364FFFB2FFBFFEB94766FD23FED3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15882635/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15882635	FIG. 2. — Cranium of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (holotype, MNHN.F.PPI270). A, Cranium in dorsal view; B, corresponding labelled line drawing. Areas in gray in the line drawings are incompletely preserved,either severely abraded or fractured,or obscured from view by sediment matrix.Premaxillae in green, nasals in purple, maxillae in yellow, jugal in blue, basioccipital in brown. Other bones not colored due to the fusion or incomplete preservation of the sutures separating the bones.Dashed lines represent the presume+d sutures between the nasals, maxillae and frontals. Abbreviations of the teeth follow the convention used in the main text. Scale bar: 10 cm. Photo by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P); drawing by L. Dewaele.	FIG. 2. — Cranium of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (holotype, MNHN.F.PPI270). A, Cranium in dorsal view; B, corresponding labelled line drawing. Areas in gray in the line drawings are incompletely preserved,either severely abraded or fractured,or obscured from view by sediment matrix.Premaxillae in green, nasals in purple, maxillae in yellow, jugal in blue, basioccipital in brown. Other bones not colored due to the fusion or incomplete preservation of the sutures separating the bones.Dashed lines represent the presume+d sutures between the nasals, maxillae and frontals. Abbreviations of the teeth follow the convention used in the main text. Scale bar: 10 cm. Photo by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P); drawing by L. Dewaele.	2025-07-10	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de		Zenodo	biologists	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de			
FC53364FFFB2FFBFFEB94766FD23FED3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15882639/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15882639	FIG. 3. — Cranium ofIcaphoca choristodon n.gen.,n.sp.(holotype,MNHN.F.PPI270).A, cranium in left lateral view;B, corresponding labelled line drawing;C, same cranium in right lateral view;D, corresponding labelled line drawing.Areas in gray in the line drawings are incompletely preserved,either severely abraded or fractured,or obscured from view by sediment matrix. Premaxillae in green,nasal in purple, maxilla in yellow,jugal in blue, tympanic bulla in red, basioccipital in brown. Other bones not colored due to the fusion or incomplete preservation of the sutures;but the glenoid area and mastoid,together with the tympanic bulla, comprises the temporal. Abbreviations of the teeth follow the convention used in the main text. Scale bar:10 cm. Photos by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P);drawings by L. Dewaele.	FIG. 3. — Cranium ofIcaphoca choristodon n.gen.,n.sp.(holotype,MNHN.F.PPI270).A, cranium in left lateral view;B, corresponding labelled line drawing;C, same cranium in right lateral view;D, corresponding labelled line drawing.Areas in gray in the line drawings are incompletely preserved,either severely abraded or fractured,or obscured from view by sediment matrix. Premaxillae in green,nasal in purple, maxilla in yellow,jugal in blue, tympanic bulla in red, basioccipital in brown. Other bones not colored due to the fusion or incomplete preservation of the sutures;but the glenoid area and mastoid,together with the tympanic bulla, comprises the temporal. Abbreviations of the teeth follow the convention used in the main text. Scale bar:10 cm. Photos by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P);drawings by L. Dewaele.	2025-07-10	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de		Zenodo	biologists	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de			
FC53364FFFB2FFBFFEB94766FD23FED3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15882641/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15882641	FIG. 4. — Cranium of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (holotype, MNHN.F.PPI270). A, cranium in ventral view; B, corresponding labelled line drawing. Areas in grey in the line drawings are incompletely preserved, either severely abraded or fractured, or obscured from view by sediment matrix. Premaxillae in green, maxillae in yellow, jugals in blue, palatine in pink, pterygoids in orange, tympanic bullae in red, petrosals in teal, basioccipital in brown. Other bones are not colored due to the fusion or incomplete preservation of the sutures; but the glenoid area and mastoid, together with the tympanic bulla, comprises the temporal. Dashed lines represent the presumed sutures between the premaxillae, nasal, maxillae and frontals. Abbreviations of the teeth follow the convention used in the main text. Scale bar: 10 cm. Photo by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P);drawing by L.Dewaele.	FIG. 4. — Cranium of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (holotype, MNHN.F.PPI270). A, cranium in ventral view; B, corresponding labelled line drawing. Areas in grey in the line drawings are incompletely preserved, either severely abraded or fractured, or obscured from view by sediment matrix. Premaxillae in green, maxillae in yellow, jugals in blue, palatine in pink, pterygoids in orange, tympanic bullae in red, petrosals in teal, basioccipital in brown. Other bones are not colored due to the fusion or incomplete preservation of the sutures; but the glenoid area and mastoid, together with the tympanic bulla, comprises the temporal. Dashed lines represent the presumed sutures between the premaxillae, nasal, maxillae and frontals. Abbreviations of the teeth follow the convention used in the main text. Scale bar: 10 cm. Photo by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P);drawing by L.Dewaele.	2025-07-10	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de		Zenodo	biologists	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de			
FC53364FFFB2FFBFFEB94766FD23FED3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15882645/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15882645	FIG. 5. — Basicranium of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (holotype, MNHN.F.PPI270a); right auditory region in ventral view. Scale bar: 3 cm. Photo by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P).	FIG. 5. — Basicranium of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (holotype, MNHN.F.PPI270a); right auditory region in ventral view. Scale bar: 3 cm. Photo by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P).	2025-07-10	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de		Zenodo	biologists	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de			
FC53364FFFB2FFBFFEB94766FD23FED3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15882647/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15882647	FIG. 6. — Basicranium of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (holotype, MNHN.F.PPI270a); Left auditory region in ventral view. Scale bar: 3 cm. Photo by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P).	FIG. 6. — Basicranium of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (holotype, MNHN.F.PPI270a); Left auditory region in ventral view. Scale bar: 3 cm. Photo by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P).	2025-07-10	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de		Zenodo	biologists	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de			
FC53364FFFB2FFBFFEB94766FD23FED3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15882633/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15882633	FIG. 1. –– Geography and geology of the Cerro La Bruja Locality. A, Geographic location of the study area of Cerro La Bruja;B, C, photos of the locality (red oval indicates the place where the holotype of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen.,n. sp.was extracted);D, geological map indicating the CLB level in the Cerro La Bruja locality; white star indicates a radioisotopic age obtained from a volcanic ash layer (Di Celma et al.2017). Credits:A,D, modified from Di Celma et al.(2017); B,C,Google Earth.	FIG. 1. –– Geography and geology of the Cerro La Bruja Locality. A, Geographic location of the study area of Cerro La Bruja;B, C, photos of the locality (red oval indicates the place where the holotype of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen.,n. sp.was extracted);D, geological map indicating the CLB level in the Cerro La Bruja locality; white star indicates a radioisotopic age obtained from a volcanic ash layer (Di Celma et al.2017). Credits:A,D, modified from Di Celma et al.(2017); B,C,Google Earth.	2025-07-10	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de		Zenodo	biologists	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de			
FC53364FFFB2FFBFFEB94766FD23FED3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15882651/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15882651	FIG. 7. — Right mandible of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen.,n. sp. (holotype,MNHN.F.PPI270). A, mandible in lingual view;B, the same mandible in labial view;C, the same mandible in occlusal view; D-F, corresponding labelled line drawings. Areas in gray are abraded or obscured from view by sediment matrix. Abbreviations of the teeth follow the convention used in the main text. Scale bar: 10 cm. Photos by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P); drawings by L. Dewaele.	FIG. 7. — Right mandible of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen.,n. sp. (holotype,MNHN.F.PPI270). A, mandible in lingual view;B, the same mandible in labial view;C, the same mandible in occlusal view; D-F, corresponding labelled line drawings. Areas in gray are abraded or obscured from view by sediment matrix. Abbreviations of the teeth follow the convention used in the main text. Scale bar: 10 cm. Photos by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P); drawings by L. Dewaele.	2025-07-10	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de		Zenodo	biologists	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de			
FC53364FFFB2FFBFFEB94766FD23FED3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15882655/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15882655	FIG. 8. —Upper dentition of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (holotype,MNHN.F.PPI270). A, stereoscopic view of the upper right cheek teeth in occlusal view; B, upper right cheek teeth in lateral view in occlusal view. Scale bar: 3 cm. Photos by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P).	FIG. 8. —Upper dentition of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (holotype,MNHN.F.PPI270). A, stereoscopic view of the upper right cheek teeth in occlusal view; B, upper right cheek teeth in lateral view in occlusal view. Scale bar: 3 cm. Photos by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P).	2025-07-10	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de		Zenodo	biologists	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de			
FC53364FFFB2FFBFFEB94766FD23FED3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15882657/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15882657	FIG. 9. —Lower dentition of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (holotype, MNHN.F.PPI270). A, Stereoscopic view of the left lower cheek teeth in occlusal view; B, right lower cheek teeth in lateral view; C, right lower cheek teeth in medial view. Scale bar: 3 cm. Photos by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P).	FIG. 9. —Lower dentition of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (holotype, MNHN.F.PPI270). A, Stereoscopic view of the left lower cheek teeth in occlusal view; B, right lower cheek teeth in lateral view; C, right lower cheek teeth in medial view. Scale bar: 3 cm. Photos by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P).	2025-07-10	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de		Zenodo	biologists	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de			
FC53364FFFB2FFBFFEB94766FD23FED3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15882661/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15882661	FIG. 10. — Atlas and axis of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (A-C, holotype atlas, MNHN.F.PPI270; D-F, holotype axis, MNHN.F.PPI 270): A, atlas in anterior view; B, atlas in dorsal view; C, atlas in left lateral view; D, axis in anterior view; E, axis in right lateral view; F, axis in dorsal view. Abbreviation: m. rect. cap. dors. min., musculus rectus capitis dorsalis minor. Scale bar: 10 cm. Photos by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P).	FIG. 10. — Atlas and axis of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (A-C, holotype atlas, MNHN.F.PPI270; D-F, holotype axis, MNHN.F.PPI 270): A, atlas in anterior view; B, atlas in dorsal view; C, atlas in left lateral view; D, axis in anterior view; E, axis in right lateral view; F, axis in dorsal view. Abbreviation: m. rect. cap. dors. min., musculus rectus capitis dorsalis minor. Scale bar: 10 cm. Photos by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P).	2025-07-10	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de		Zenodo	biologists	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de			
FC53364FFFB2FFBFFEB94766FD23FED3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15882663/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15882663	FIG. 11. — Cervical vertebrae of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (holotype, MNHN.F.PPI270). A, Ce3 in anterior view; B, Ce3 in right lateral view; C, Ce3 in dorsal view; D, Ce4 in anterior view; E, Ce4 in right lateral view; F, Ce4 in dorsal view; G, Ce5 in anterior view; H, Ce5 in right lateral view; I, Ce5 in dorsal view. Scale bar: 5 cm. Photos by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P).	FIG. 11. — Cervical vertebrae of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. (holotype, MNHN.F.PPI270). A, Ce3 in anterior view; B, Ce3 in right lateral view; C, Ce3 in dorsal view; D, Ce4 in anterior view; E, Ce4 in right lateral view; F, Ce4 in dorsal view; G, Ce5 in anterior view; H, Ce5 in right lateral view; I, Ce5 in dorsal view. Scale bar: 5 cm. Photos by L. Cazes & P. Loubry (CR2P).	2025-07-10	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de		Zenodo	biologists	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de			
FC53364FFFB2FFBFFEB94766FD23FED3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15882667/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15882667	FIG. 12. — Phylogenetic relationships of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. among Phocidae. Strict consensus tree of the 50 most parsimonious trees of the phylogenetic analysis. Note the extremely poor resolution of the topology of Phocidae. Extinct species are preceded by a dagger.	FIG. 12. — Phylogenetic relationships of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen., n. sp. among Phocidae. Strict consensus tree of the 50 most parsimonious trees of the phylogenetic analysis. Note the extremely poor resolution of the topology of Phocidae. Extinct species are preceded by a dagger.	2025-07-10	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de		Zenodo	biologists	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de			
FC53364FFFB2FFBFFEB94766FD23FED3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15882669/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15882669	FIG. 13. — Phylogenetic relationships of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen.,n. sp. among Phocidae,with Goloboff k-value set at three to downweigh homoplasy.Strict consensus tree of the eight most parsimonious trees of the phylogenetic analysis. I. choristodon groups with Acrophoca longirostris. Bootstrap values equal to or higher than fifty are shown. Extinct species are preceded by a dagger.Black bars represent the known age ranges of the different extinct taxa, clearly showing that I. choristodon is the oldest of the Peruvian seals. Abbreviations: Ma, million years; Plioc., Pliocene; Quat., Quaternary.	FIG. 13. — Phylogenetic relationships of Icaphoca choristodon n. gen.,n. sp. among Phocidae,with Goloboff k-value set at three to downweigh homoplasy.Strict consensus tree of the eight most parsimonious trees of the phylogenetic analysis. I. choristodon groups with Acrophoca longirostris. Bootstrap values equal to or higher than fifty are shown. Extinct species are preceded by a dagger.Black bars represent the known age ranges of the different extinct taxa, clearly showing that I. choristodon is the oldest of the Peruvian seals. Abbreviations: Ma, million years; Plioc., Pliocene; Quat., Quaternary.	2025-07-10	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de		Zenodo	biologists	Dewaele, Leonard;Muizon, Christian de			
