Encyrtus Latreille 1809

Hosts. Hemiptera: Coccidae, Diaspididae, Eriococcidae, Pseudococcidae

aurantii (Geoffroy 1785: 386) (Cynips)

Type. Probably lost, but possibly in MNHN (J. Noyes, pers. comm.)

Distribution. W (Contra Costa, Los Angeles, Tulare, southern San Joaquin Valley, southern California)

Host/habitat. Coccus hesperidum, C. pseudomagnoliarum, C. viridis, Diaspis boisduvalii, Eriococcus buxi, Eucalymnatus tessellatus, Eulecanium tiliae, Eulecanium sp., Parasaissetia nigra, Parthenolecanium corni, P. fletcheri, Planococcus citri, Pseudococcus longispinus, Pulvinaria floccifera, P. psidii, P. sp., Saissetia coffeae, S. oleae, S. privigna, Sphaerolecanium prunastri

Remarks. In two recent studies, this species was reported (as E. lecaniorum) on citrus from the southern San Joaquin Valley (including Fresno, Kern & Tulare counties) and from a region further south (Riverside, San Bernardino and San Diego counties), but the exact counties it occurred in were not specified (Bernal et al. 2001; Kapranas et al. 2007). The former paper mistakenly claimed the host record of Coccus pseudomagnoliarum as new, but this association had been earlier reported by Trjapitzin (1957).

fuscus (Howard 1881: 363) (Comys)

Type. USNM

Distribution. N (Alameda, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, El Dorado, Fresno, Glenn, Kern, Kings, Los Angeles, Marin, Mariposa, Modoc, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Orange, Plumas, Riverside, San Benito, San Bernardino, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Shasta, Sierra, Solano, Sonoma, Stanislaus, Tehama, Ventura, Yolo)

Host/habitat. Eulecanium cerasorum, E . tiliae, Eulecanium sp., Mesolecanium nigrofasciatum, Parthenolecanium cerasifex, Parthenolecanium corni, Parthenolecanium persicae, P . pruinosum, P . quercifex, Pulvinaria vitis, Saissetia coffeae, S. sp.

Remarks. Specimens in the CSCA were reared from a “ Lecanium ” species.

infelix (Embleton 1902: 223) (Comys)

Type. CUMZ

Distribution. E (Alameda, Colusa, Orange, San Diego, Tulare, Tuolumne, Ventura, Yolo)

Host/habitat. Ceroplastes madagascariensis, Coccus hesperidum, Parasaissetia nigra, Protopulvinaria pyriformis, Pulvinaria urbicola, Saissetia coffeae, S. oleae

Remarks. Imported from Hawaii in 1921 in an S. oleae biocontrol program, this species was reported established in California (Bartlett 1978a). It was not recovered in later surveys of S. oleae parasitoids (Kennett 1986; Daane et al. 1991; Lampson & Morse 1992), but was collected once in northern California in 1994 (RLZC).

saliens Prinsloo & Annecke 1978: 329

Type. PPRI

Distribution. E (?)

Host/habitat. Pulvinaria delottoi, Pulvinariella mesembryanthemi, P. sp.

Remarks. Introduced into California from South Africa in the early 1980s in a biocontrol program against P. mesembryanthemi and P. delottoi, this species, along with Metaphycus funicularis and M. stramineus, established immediately and are credited with the successful control of those species (Tassan & Hagen 1995), although I have been unable to determine the exact collection localities.