Asaphomyces cholevae Thaxt.

MB#260559

Figs 19A–E, 102C

Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 16: 311 (Thaxter 1931). –

Type: “ On the elytra of Choleva terminans Lec. No. 1461, Cutts Island, Kittery Point, Maine: July, 1906”; FH. [Harvard University Herbaria, slide #00313725, seen! (Fig. 19E, here)] [ Choleva terminans is now Sciodrepoides fumatus subsp. terminans] [USA]

Barbariella tubantica Middelh. & Boelens (Middelhoek 1949: 257) [MB#284508]. – Asaphomyces tubanticus (Middelh. & Boelens) Scheloske (Scheloske 1969: 92) [MB#326503]

Diagnostic features

See genus description. [Detailed descriptions: Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 2003]

Distribution and hosts

Occurs on species of Col. Leiodidae like Apocatops Zwick, 1968, Choleva Latreille, 1797, Catops Paykull, 1798, Catopidius Jeannel, 1922, Fissocatops Zwick, 1968, Sciodrepoides Hatch, 1933, Nemadus Thomson, 1867 and Ptomaphagus Hellwig, 1795 . Reported as A. cholevae or as A. tubanticus from several countries in Europe: Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom (Majewski 2008), Belgium (De Kesel & Gerstmans 2011), Bulgaria, Georgia (Rossi et al. 2019a); Asia: China (Rossi et al. 2019a); America: USA (Thaxter 1931); and Africa: Morocco (Santamaria & Rossi 1999).

Collections examined from Denmark

On Apocatops nigrita (Erichson, 1837) (Col. Leiodidae)

DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Tange å vest for Kjellerup; 56°17.959′ N, 9°23.462′ E; NH23; 17 Feb. 2018; JP 989; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123496 . – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Gribskov, Kalvehave; 56°0.359′ N, 12°20.339′ E; UC30; 1–30 Jun. 2014; J. Heilmann-Clausen et al. 52; P. Jørum det.; ZMUC C-F-122527 .

On Catops coracinus Kellner, 1846 (Col. Leiodidae)

DENMARK – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Suserup Skov; 55°22.733′ N, 11°33.627′ E; PG64; 4 Sep. 2019; JP 1480; A.K. Hansen det.; ZMUC C-F-124065 .

On Catops fuliginosus Erichson, 1837 (Col. Leiodidae)

DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Hampen Sø; 56°1.082′ N, 9°23.149′ E; NH20; 21 Mar. 2014; JP 439; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122924 • Kjellerup; 56°17.644′ N, 9°25.850′ E; NH23; 18 Nov. 2017; JP 822; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123316 • Klostermølle; 56°2.432′ N, 9°41.629′ E; NH41; 12 Mar. 2017; JP 279; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122758 . – Fyn (F) • Lykkesholm syd for Ellested; 55°14.421′ N, 10°37.357′ E; PG02; 27 Mar. 2009; JP 82; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122557 . – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Krenkerup Haveskov; 54°46.408′ N, 11°39.955′ E; PF77; 7 Oct. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. MeYer 896; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123394. – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Albertslund golfbane; 55°40.750′ N, 12°19.190′ E; UB37; 6 Jan. 2018; JP 953; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123459 • Bognaes Storskov; 55°41.242′ N, 12°1.678′ E; UB17; 20 Feb. 2018; O. Martin 1039; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123555 • Klinten ved Selsø; 55°44.158′ N, 11°59.634′ E; PG88; 11 Mar. 2007; JP 522; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123006 • Naerum; 55°49.077′ N, 12°32.686′ E; UB48; 2 Dec. 2011; JP 472; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122956 • ibid.; 1 Dec. 2019; JP 1566; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124326 • Stenholtsvang; 55°57.365′ N, 12°21.254′ E; UC30; 7 Apr. 2018; JP 1024; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123531. – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Syd for Stårup; 56°34.792′ N, 9°5.958′ E; NH07; 6 Feb. 2015; JP 224; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122705 • ibid.; JP 376; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122859. – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Gammel Dyrehave ved Edelesminde; 55°16.930′ N, 11°58.348′ E; PG83; 27 Nov. 2016; JP 170; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122649 • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.235′ N, 12°6.280′ E; UA19; 14 Jan. 2012; JP 537; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123021. – Vestjylland (WJ) • Velling; 56°3.078′ N, 8°18.596′ E; MH51; 16 Dec. 2018; JP 1251; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123779 .

On Catops fuscus (Panzer, 1794) (Col. Leiodidae)

DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Hobyskov; 54°44.069′ N, 11°15.296′ E; PF46; 22 Dec. 2019; M. Kofoed-Hansen 1579; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124340 .

On Catops morio (Fabricius, 1787) (Col. Leiodidae)

DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Gundsømagle; 55°43.398′ N, 12°10.842′ E; UB27; 6 Apr. 2019; L. Kjaer-Thomsen & L. Thomas 1399; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123945 . – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.331′ N, 12°6.357′ E; UA19; 27 Mar. 2018; JP 1023; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123530 • Turebyholm Dyrehave; 55°21.071′ N, 12°4.840′ E; UB13; 6 Jan. 2018; M. Kofoed-Hansen 1106; M. Kofoed-Hansen det.; ZMUC C-F-123624 .

On Catops nigricans (Spence, 1815) (Col. Leiodidae)

DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Kjellerup; 56°17.614′ N, 9°26.106′ E; NH23; 18 Nov. 2017; JP 816; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123310 • Stidsmølle i Mattrup Skov; 55°55.455′ N, 9°33.811′ E; NG39; 19 Nov. 2017; JP 812; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123306 . – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Krenkerup Haveskov; 54°46.408′ N, 11°39.955′ E; PF77; 29 Nov. 2014; JP 460; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122945 . – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Ryegård Dyrehave; 55°40.500′ N, 11°50.851′ E; PG77; 2 Dec. 2014; JP 343; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122825 • Skodsborg Dam i Jaegersborg Hegn; 55°49.068′ N, 12°33.937′ E; UB48; 18 Nov. 2018; JP 1241; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123768 . – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.572′ N, 12°6.715′ E; UA19; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1293; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123825 . – Vestjylland (WJ) • Velling; 56°3.078′ N, 8°18.596′ E; MH51; 16 Dec. 2018; JP 1250; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123778 .

On Catops nigriclavis Gerhardt, 1900 (Col. Leiodidae)

DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Indelukket ved Frederiksborg Slot; 55°56.191′ N, 12°17.861′ E; UC30; 19 Mar. 2017; JP 680; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123168 .

On Catops picipes (Fabricius, 1787) (Col. Leiodidae)

DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Krenkerup Haveskov; 54°46.408′ N, 11°39.955′ E; PF77; 29 Nov. 2014; JP 459; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122944 . – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Naerum; 55°49.077′ N, 12°32.686′ E; UB48; 2 Dec. 2011; JP 473; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122957 . – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Højstrup ved Rødvig; 55°14.319′ N, 12°20.234′ E; UB32; 15 Jan. 2017; JP 176; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122655 .

On Catops tristis (Panzer, 1793) (Col. Leiodidae)

DENMARK – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Østerskov ved Langebaek; 54°59.331′ N, 12°6.357′ E; UA19; 27 Mar. 2018; JP 1022; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123529 .

On Fissocatops westi (Krogerus, 1931) (Col. Leiodidae)

DENMARK – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Højstrup ved Rødvig; 55°14.319′ N, 12°20.234′ E; UB32; 15 Jan. 2017; JP 175; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122654 .

Other material examined

Holotype of Asaphomyces cholevae

UNITED STATES • “ Asaphomyces cholevae, slide from FH, #3980, barcode 00313725, holotype, on elytra of Choleva terminalis Lec. [as Clove terminalis, typing error?], from Kittery Point, Maine, York County (USA), 07-1906, leg. R. Thaxter ”; FH [00313725]. [consists of four mature thalli in fair condition (Fig. 19E)]

Remarks

First record from Denmark. Separation of A. cholevae and A. tubanticus has been widely discussed (Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 2003). Tavares (1985) questioned the presence of A. cholevae in Europe, and separated it from A. tubanticus because of the broad perithecium with tapering neck and slender apex of the latter species, whereas a broad apex and a ± cylindrical perithecium were reported for A. cholevae . Synonymy has been suggested by Rossi & Máca (2006) after examining abundant material occurring on the same host of the type series, i.e., Sciodrepoides fumatus subsp. terminans (LeConte) from the USA. We agree with this opinion because we had the opportunity to study a large series of thalli in which the morphological variation cannot be explained in terms of separate species supported by habitus, nor by habitat or distribution. At first, A. tubanticus was restricted to larger thalli, bearing more perithecia and appendages, but between the two extremes there is a large number of intermediate forms, without discontinuities. Also, to support this idea, we have studied the type from FH (see above under other material examined) which include small thalli (Fig. 19E).