Melomys bougainville Troughton, 1936 . Rec. Aust. Mus., 19:344.

TYPE LOCALITY: Solomon Isis, Bougainville Isl, Bouin .

DISTRIBUTION: Endemic to islands of Buka and Bougainville in Solomon Arch. (Flannery and Wickler, 1990).

COMMENTS: Although historically treated as a subspecies of M. rufescens, M. bougainville is a separate species known by small samples of extant and archaeological specimens (Flannery and Wickler, 1990).