Apodemus uralensis (Pallas, 1811) . Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat., 1:168.

TYPE LOCALITY: Russia, S Ural Mts .

DISTRIBUTION: From E Europe and Turkey (see map in Steiner, 1978, under A. microps) east to the Altai Mts and NW China (Xinjiang), south into the Caucasus; S and E limits unknown.

SYNONYMS: baessleri, balchaschensis, charkovensis, ciscaucasicus, microps, microtis, mosquensis, nankiangensis, pallidus, pallipes, tokmak, tscherga, vohlynensis.

COMMENTS: Subgenus Sylvaemus . Listed as a subspecies of A. sylvaticus by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951), who also noted that Kuznetzov (in Bobrinskii et al., 1944) had already suspected that the Altai tscherga and uralensis refered to the same species. This identity, including those of most of the synonyms, is documented by biochemical and morphological results (Mezhzherin and Mikhailenko, 1991; Mezhzherin and Zykov, 1991). Gemmeke (1983) and Vorontsov et al. (1989, 1992) also provided chromosomal and biochemical information (under microps), and Tvrtkovic and Dzukic (1977) provided morphological data in context of distinguishing species of Apodemus . Ma et al. (1987) and Pavlinov and Rossolimo (1987) treated tscherga as a subspecies of A. sylvaticus, but Corbet (1978c) listed it under A. peninsulae. The NW Chinese nankiangensis was described as a subspecies of A. sylvaticus (see Corbet, 1984; Ma et al., 1987); we provisionally include it and three of the other synonyms (pallidus, balchaschensis, and pallipes) pending a systematic revision of E Russian, Middle Eastern, and W Chinese Apodemus. E European populations reviewed by Steiner (1978, under microps).