Proctolaelaps pygmaeus (Müller, 1859)

Gamasus pygmaeus Müller, 1859: 30 .

Holostaspis pygmaea .—Müller, 1860: 51.

Haemolaelaps pygmaeus .— Wolf, 1934: 644.

Thinozercon pygmaeus .— Buitendijk, 1945: 296.

Garmania pygmaeus .— Vysotskaya & Bregetova, 1957: 11.

Proctolaelaps pygmaeus .— Samšiňák, 1960: 306; Chant, 1963: 259; Ehara, 1964: 387; Ishikawa, 1969a: 123; McGraw & Farrier, 1969: 90; Karg, 1971b: 242; 1993: 238; Treat, 1975: 138; Hughes, 1976: 317; Bregetova, 1977a: 213; Shereef et al., 1980: 170; Tseng, 1982: 5; Zaher, 1986: 61; Jordaan & Loots, 1987: 53; Farrier & Hennessey, 1993: 45; Ostovan & Kamali, 1994: 11; Halliday, 1998: 119; 2001: 300; Halliday et al., 1998: 37; Kamali et al., 2001: 9; Gupta, 2003: 8; Gwiazdowicz & Gulvik, 2005b: 119; Gwiazdowicz, 2007: 112; Gwiazdowicz et al., 2008a: 32; Faraji, 2011: 26; Çakmak et al., 2011: 582; Bai, 2013: 97; Eliaderani et al., 2013: 130; Bai et al., 2014: 113.

Proctolaelaps (Proctolaelaps) pygmaeus .— Ryke, 1964: 341; Karg, 1985: 190; 1988a: 447.

Hypoaspis hypudaei Oudemans, 1902: 21 (Synonymy with P. pygmaeus by Oudemans, 1916: 299; Buitendijk, 1945: 296, Athias-Henriot, 1961: 451; Ryke, 1964: 341; Karg, 1985: 191; Zaher, 1986: 61; Farrier & Hennessey, 1993: 45).

Hypoaspis hypudaei .— Oudemans, 1913: 6; 1914a: 185.

Garmania hypudaei .— Evans, 1954a: 794; Westerboer, 1963: 340; Lapina, 1976a: 85.

Jordensia hypudaei .— Evans, 1957a: 227; Schweizer, 1961: 131.

Proctolaelaps (Proctolaelaps) hypudaei .— Evans, 1958a: 199; Athias-Henriot, 1959: 170; Hughes, 1961: 228.

Proctolaelaps hypudaei .— Mathys & Tencalla, 1959: 645; Hirschmann, 1962: 30; Karg, 1962: 55; Lindquist & Evans, 1965: 62.

Garmania (Garmania) hypudaei .— Westerboer, 1963: 360.

Proctolaelaps hypudei (sic).— Pinchuk, 1976: 72.

Lasioseius conviva Berlese, 1916a: 38 (Synonymy with P. pygmaeus by Christian & Karg, 2006: 238).

Garmania conviva .— Westerboer, 1963: 278.

Lasioseius conviva var. laevisternus Berlese 1916a: 39 . (Synonymy with P. pygmaeus by Halliday et al., 1998: 37).

Proctolaelaps (Proctolaelaps) conviva var. laevisternus .— Evans, 1958a: 226.

Garmania conviva var. laevisternus .— Westerboer, 1963: 278.

Lasioseius (Lasioseius) innumerabilis Berlese, 1918: 132 . (Synonymy with H. hypudaei by Evans, 1958a: 199; of P. pygmaeus by Karg, 1985: 191; 1988a: 448; Zaher, 1986: 61; Farrier & Hennessey, 1993: 45; Halliday et al., 1998: 37; Christian & Karg, 2006: 238).

Garmania innumerabilis .— Westerboer, 1963: 278.

Proctolaelaps innumerabilis .— Christian & Karg, 2006: 238.

Typhlodromus bulbicolus Oudemans, 1929a: 15 . (Synonymy with H. hypudaei by Evans, 1954a: 794; 1958a: 199; Chant, 1958: 383; Athias-Henriot, 1959: 170; with P. pygmaeus by Karg, 1985: 191; 1988a: 448; Zaher, 1986: 61; Farrier & Hennessey, 1993: 45; Halliday et al., 1998: 37).

Garmania bulbicola .— Nesbitt, 1951: 46; McGregor, 1956: 6; Kennett, 1958: 472.

Garmania (Garmania) bulbicola .— Cunliffe & Baker, 1953: 5.

Lasioseius salisburgensis Willmann, in Franz, 1943: 87 (nomen nudum).

Lasioseius salisburgensis .— Gwiazdowicz et al., 2008a: 33.

Lasioseius alpinus Schweizer, 1949: 46 (Synonymy with H. hypudaei by Evans, 1958a: 199; with P. pygmaeus by Karg, 1985: 191; 1988a: 448; Farrier & Hennessey, 1993: 45; Halliday et al., 1998: 37; Christian & Karg, 2006: 238).

Garmania alpina .— Westerboer, 1963: 278.

Lasioseius ventritrichosus Schweizer, 1949: 47 . (Synonymy with H. hypudaei by Evans, 1958a: 199; of P. pygmaeus by Karg, 1985: 191;1988a: 448; Farrier & Hennessey, 1993: 45; Halliday et al., 1998: 37; Christian & Karg, 2006: 239).

Garmania ventritichosa .— Westerboer, 1963: 278.

Proctolaelaps ventritichosus .— Christian & Karg, 2006: 239.

Jordensia hypudaei var. sopalit Samšiňák, 1958: 194 (Synonymy with G. pygmaeus by Samšiňák, 1960: 302; with P. pygmaeus by Halliday et al., 1998: 37).

Hypoaspis ovatus Ma, Ning & Wei, 2003: 256 . (Synonymy with P. pygmaeus by Ma, 2006a: 24).

TYPE DEPOSITORY: of P. pygmaeus: author’s personal collection; of L. conviva: Istituto Sperimentale per la Zoologia Agraria, Firenze, Italy; of H. hypudaei, J. hypudaei var. sopalit, T. bulbicolus, L. alpinus and L. ventritrichosus: not stated; of L. (L.) innumerabilis: Istituto Sperimentale per la Zoologia Agraria, Firenze, Italy; of L. conviva var. laevisternus: Istituto Sperimentale per la Zoologia Agraria, Firenze, Italy; of H. ovatus: Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Qinghai, Xining, China.

TYPE LOCALITY AND HABITAT: of P. pygmaeus: Saint Catherine's Cave, Blansko, South Moravian Region, Czech Republic, in damp places; of L. conviva: Java, Indonesia, on Gryllus sp. [Animalia: Gryllidae]; of H. hypudaei: Sneek, The Netherlands; on Arvicola amphibius (reported as Paludicola amphibius) [Animalia: Muridae]; of J. hypudaei var. sopalit: Czech Republic, on sunflower [Plantae: Asteraceae] seeds; of T. bulbicolus: USA, on rotten lily [Plantae: Liliaceae] bulbs; of L. alpinus: Val del Botsch, Swiss National Park, Switzerland, in moss and Sedum mat [Plantae: Crassulaceae] and Fuorcla Cornet Swiss National Park, Switzerland, on low growing vegetation; of L. (L.) innumerabilis: Firenze, Italy, rotten leaves and fruits, and chicken excrement; of L. ventritrichosus: Fuorcla Cornet, Swiss National Park, Switzerland, on low growing vegetation; of L. conviva var. laevisternus: Buitenzorg, Java, Indonesia, on tubercles of Ipomoea [cited as Hypomaea] batatas [Plantae: Convolvulaceae]; of H. ovatus: Huangzhong, Qinghai, China, on Cricetulus migratorius [Animalia: Muridae].

NOTE: (a) Evans (1958a: 199) suspected H. hypudaei to be a senior synonym of Lasioseius fissuratus Berlese; (b) Domrow (1974: 16) considered this species to be a senior synonym of Garmania nesbitti Womersley, but Halliday et al. (1998: 36) considered them to be distinct species; that latter interpretation is accepted in this publication.