Zammara smaragdula Walker, 1858b

Zammara smaragdula Walker 1858b: 4 . (South America)

Zammara calochroma (non Walker) Goding 1925: 6, 15.

REMARKS.—This is one of the small species of Zammara with a body length less than 30 mm. It can be distinguished from the other small species, Z. calochroma (and small females of Z. smaragdina), by the apical fore wing infusca- tion only in apical cell 1 and the absence of a large band of infuscation traversing the fore wings across the crossveins in Z. smaragdula (Goemans 2016) . Goemans (2016) plotted the distribution of Z. calochroma Walker, 1858 and showed that Ecuadorian records are actually Z. smaragdula, a species the Goding (1925) considered a synonym of Z. calochroma when he reported the species from Ecuador. In addition, the characters used in the key by Goding (1925) to distinguish his species describe Z. smaragdula rather than actual specimens of Z. calochroma .

DISTRIBUTION.—The species has been reported from Bolivia, Brazil, Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Maccagnan et al. 2011; Sanborn 2013; 2014a; 2018c; 2019b; Goemans 2016). Goding (1925) reported the species from the environs of Quayaquil, Guayas province and Goemans (2016) reported specimens from Esmeraldas, Nalo, Orellana, and Sucumbios provinces.

MATERIAL EXAMINED.— “ ECUADOR: / Tipituni Res. Stat. / 0º 38.31’S, 76º 8.92’W / I/8–20/2005 / S. Mitten, coll.” one male (UMRM); “ ECUADOR: Orellana Prov. / Yasuni NP, Yasuni Res. Stn. / 00 o 38.2’ S, 076 o 08.9 W / 21 Jul 2008 M. Gimmel / at large // LSAM / 0300475 ” one male (LSAM); “FERN BANE / ECUADOR / IV–9–95 / C. McDaniels / CICADIDAE ” one male (MIEC); “ ECUADOR; Provincia / de Francisco de Orellana / Yasuni National Park / S00 o 40.478 W076 o 23.866 / 28–IV–2005; CRBartlett / N Nazdrowicz, D Chang ” (UDCC), one male (AFSC); “ ECUADOR; Provincia / de Francisco de Orellana / Yasuni National Park / S00 o 40.478 W076 o 23.866 / 26–IV–2005; CRBartlett / N Nazdrowicz, D Chang ” one female (AFSC); “ ECUADOR; Provincia / de Francisco de Orellana / Yasuni National Park / S00 o 40.478 W076 o 23.866 // 26–IV–2005; CRBartlett / N Nazdrowicz, D Chang ” one female (AFSC).