Key to species (males) of the subgenus Limassolla (Limassolla) from China, Japan and Korea

(Modified from Song & Li 2011. Note: L. bielawskii Dworakowska, 1969 and L. dostali Dworakowska & Lauterer, 1975 are omitted because they are known only from females.)

1. Aedeagus without processes ( Limassolla multipunctata group)................................................. 2

- Aedeagus with processes............................................................................... 8

2. Aedeagal shaft compressed, much wider in lateral view than in posterior view..................................... 3

- Aedeagal shaft tubular, approximately same width in lateral and posterior views................................... 5

3. Aedeagal shaft with dorsal margin strongly sclerotized, apex concave in posterior view.................................................................................................. L. lingchuanensis (Chou & Zhang, 1985)

- Aedeagal shaft uniformly sclerotized, apex rounded or tapered in posterior view................................... 4

4. Aedeagus with posterior margin evenly rounded in lateral view; subgenital plate with two long macrosetae subbasally............................................................................... L. emmrichi Dworakowska, 1972

- Aedeagus with posterior margin subquadrate in lateral view; subgenital plate with single long macroseta subbasally............................................................................... L. multipunctata (Matsumura, 1920)

5. Aedeagal shaft apex rounded or obliquely truncate in lateral and posterior views.......... L. ishiharai Dworakowska, 1972

- Aedeagal shaft tapered to sharp point or irregular in lateral or posterior views..................................... 6

6. Aedeagal shaft apex tapered to sharp point in lateral and posterior views............ L. rubrolimbata Zhang & Chou, 1988

- Aedeagal shaft apex irregularly rounded in lateral and posterior views........................................... 7

7. Aedeagal shaft with longitudinal lateral ridge; connective without median anterior lobe................ L. kunyica sp. nov.

- Aedeagus shaft without lateral ridge; connective with median anterior lobe.......................... L. uncata sp. nov.

8. Aedeagus with apical and basal processes, either single or paired ( Limassolla dworakowskae group).................... 9

- Aedeagus with either apical or basal processes, but not both.................................................. 12

9. Aedeagal shaft with paired apical processes............................................................... 10

- Aedeagal shaft with single apical process................................................................. 11

10. Aedeagus apical processes lamella-like, with serrated lateral margins..................... L. yingjianga Song & Li, 2011

- Aedeagus apical processes teeth-like................................................ L. unica Zhang & Xiao, 2000

11. Aedeagus with paired basal processes......................................... L. dworakowskae Chou & Ma, 1981

- Aedeagus with single basal process............................................... L. qianfoensis Song & Li, 2011

12. Aedeagus with 1–4 apical processes, no basal process ( Limassolla dispunctata group).............................. 13

- Aedeagus with basal process or processes, no apical process ( Limassolla aureata group)............................ 22

13. Aedeagal shaft with two pairs of apical processes........................................................... 14

- Aedeagal shaft with one pair of apical processes............................................................ 17

14. Apical processes of aedeagal shaft petiolate at base......................................................... 15

- Apical processes of aedeagal shaft directly bifurcate................................... L. diospyri Chou & Ma, 1981

15. Two pairs of apical processes of aedeagal shaft bifurcate...................................................... 16

- One pair of apical processes of aedeagal shaft bifurcate.............................. L. dispunctata Chou & Ma, 1981

16. Aedeagus apical processes length similar to preapical processes.......................... L. hebeiensis Cai et al., 1992

- Aedeagus apical processes shorter than preapical processes.......................... L. dangjinensis Sumin et al., 2020

17. Aedeagus with pair of apical processes extended distad and unpaired preapical processes extended basad......................................................................................... L. discoloris Zhang & Chou, 1988

- Aedeagal processes arising from apex of shaft............................................................. 18

18. Apex of aedeagus with three processes, one extended distally and two extended basad....... L. koreana Hossain et al., 2019

- Aedeagus with one pair of processes, without unpaired process............................................... 19

19. Aedeagus apical processes extended distad................................................................ 20

- Aedeagus apical processes extended basad................................................................ 21

20. Forewing mostly dark with large pale spots; aedeagus abruptly narrowed preapically in lateral view.................................................................................................... L. kakii Chou & Ma, 1981

- Forewing mostly pale with small dark spots; aedeagus evenly tapered preapically in lateral view...... L. bicruralis sp. nov.

21. Each aedeagal process wide and flat, with distinct preapical angle............................ L. rutila Song & Li, 2011

- Each aedeagal process narrow and long, without preapical angle..................... L. yunnanana Zhang & Chou, 1988

22. Aedeagus with pair of basal processes.................................................................... 23

- Aedeagus with single basal process...................................................................... 25

23. Aedeagus with basal processes broad, longer than shaft............................. L. galewskii Dworakowska, 1969

- Aedeagus with basal processes slender, shorter than aedeagal shaft............................................. 24

24. Gonopore apical............................................................. L. fasciata Zhang & Chou, 1988

- Gonopore subapical............................................................. L. forcipata Song & Li, 2011

25. Aedeagus with basal process shorter than shaft............................................................. 26

- Aedeagus with basal process as long as or longer than shaft................................................... 28

26. Basal process of aedeagus denticulate...................................................... L. spinulata sp. nov.

- Basal process of aedeagus smooth....................................................................... 27

27. Aedeagus with basal process well separated from shaft in lateral view..................... L. auriculata Song & Li, 2011

- Aedeagus with basal process closely appressed to shaft in lateral view........................ L. nigropunctata sp. nov.

28. Connective with median anterior lobe, aedeagus with shaft emarginate apically in lateral view................................................................................................... L. discreta Chou & Zhang, 1985

- Connective without median anterior lobe.................................................................. 29

29. Aedeagus basal process longer than aedeagal shaft, apex bifurcate in posterior view..... L. multimacula Chiang et al., 1988

- Aedeagus basal process as long as aedeagal shaft, apex tapered in posterior view............. L. lanyua Chiang et al., 1989