Fidicina mannifera (Fabricius, 1803)

[ Cicada] tibicen (non Linnaeus) Linné 1764: 160. (Surinam)

[ Cicada] tibicen (non Linnaeus) Merian 1771: 49. (Surinam)

Cicada tibicen (non Linnaeus) Tigny 1802: 135. (Surinam)

Tettigonia mannifera Fabricius 1803: 36 . (South America)

Cicada tibicen (non Linnaeus) Audouin 1823: 127. (Surinam)

Cicada cantatrix Germar 1830: 41 .

Cicada tibicen (non Linnaeus) Griffith & Pidgeon 1832: 255. (Surinam)

Cicada tibicen (non Linnaeus) Germar 1834: 57. (Surinam)

Fidicina rana Walker 1850: 88 . (Unknown collecting locality)

Fidicina excavata Walker 1850: 92 . (South America)

Fidicina divisa Walker 1858a: 16 . (Demerara, Guyana)

Cicada tibicen (non Linnaeus) Garman 1903: 91. (Surinam)

Cicada tibicen (non Linnaeus) Davis 1925: 35. (Dutch Guiana)

Cicada tibicen (non Linnaeus) Chen 1943: 23. (Surinam)

Fidicina africana Metcalf 1955 nom. nov. pro Cideaa (sic) plebeja Linné, 1767 nec Cicada plebeja Scopoli, 1763: 267 . Diceroprocta tibicen (non Linnaeus) Metcalf 1963a: 203–205. (Surinam)

Remarks. Many large species of Fidicina and Fidicinoides with infuscated wings have been classified at one time or another as F. mannifera (Sanborn 2013) . Fidicina mannifera is larger than F. christinae with a wingspan less than 130 mm. The species can be distinguished further by the timbal cover of the male not extending below the metascutellar plate, the male operculum being an approximate equilateral triangle, the fore femora proximal spine being parallel to the femoral axis and the apical femoral spine being almost upright, and the lateral branch of the uncus is flat and does not recurve.

Previous references to Cicada tibicen Linnaeus, 1758 or Diceroprocta tibicen are considered to be misidentifications of F. mannifera . Linnaeus (1758) included a reference to Merian’s (1705) diagram of a cicada from Suriname in the original description of C. tibicen . This led to a history of misidentifications of the taxon as being represented in South America. The drawing in Merian (1705) has infuscation on the distal wing veins and fore wing crossveins. This eliminated the majority of cicada taxa known from Suriname except F. christinae and F. mannifera . The piceous mark enclosing the ocelli, the marking on the head, and the pattern of markings on the pronotum suggest that Merian was illustrating F. mannifera rather than F. christinae . The references to C. tibicen are therefore considered to be misidentifications of F. mannifera .

Distribution. Although the species has been recorded from the Antilles, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, and Suriname (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Dorval et al. 2011; Maccagnan & Martinelli 2011; Sanborn 2011a, b; 2013; 2014a; 2018b; 2019b; 2020c, d; Dias et al. 2017), some of these references may represent one or more of the similar species described by Boulard & Martinelli (1996).