Family Fanniidae Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911

A distinctive, modest-sized family known for ca 400 extant species currently classified in five genera (Table 1). Species belonging to four fanniid genera have presently been scored for the distribution of setulae dorsally and ventrally (character A) on vein C (Table 1) in agreement with the states described above.

• Euryomma Stein, 1899, Fannia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Fig. 2A–C), Piezura Rondani, 1844 (Fig. 2D)

All examined species are without ventral setulae behind the lower anterior row of alternating spinules and setulae of vein C (state A0): Euryomma americanum Chillcott, 1961, E. muisca Grisales, Wolff & de Carvalho, 2012, E. peregrinum (Meigen, 1826), Fannia (50+ spp) incl. F. fuscula (Fallén, 1825) (Fig. 2A–C), Piezura graminicola (Zetterstedt, 1846) and P. pardalina Rondani, 1866 (Fig. 2D).

In Piezura graminicola and P. pardalina (Fig. 2D) rows of ventral and dorsal costal setulae on CS1 represent setulae displaced from the anterior spinule-setula rows; these accordingly consist of spinules only.

• Australofannia Pont, 1977 (Figs 3A–D, 4A–B)

This genus consists of Australofannia spiniclunis Pont, 1977 and one undescribed species, both endemic to Australia (Pont 1977). Examination of A. spiniclunis revealed a costal chaetotaxy deviating substantially from the usual fanniid pattern. Both sexes (Figs 3–4) have vein C extensively setulose both ventrally and dorsally (state A8). Further, extensive weakening of the costal spinules has taken place: the lower anterior costal row is wholly setulose in both sexes, whereas the upper anterior row has retained the usual spinule-setula pattern in the female (Figs 3A–C, 4A), but with only a few spinules distally on CS 1 in the male sex (Fig. 4B).