Tribe Limnophorini Villeneuve, 1902

Species representing 12 out of a total of 24 currently recognized genera (Table 1) were examined.

• Andersonosia Emden, 1940, Camptotarsopoda Strand, 1913, Heliographa Malloch, 1921, Limnophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, Lispe Latreille, 1797, Lispoides Malloch, 1920, Neolimnophora Schnabl, 1902, Pachyceramyia Albuquerque, 1955, Villeneuvia Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911

All examined species from these nine genera show the prevalent muscid state A4, in which vein C is bare dorsally and extensively setulose ventrally: Andersonosia velutinifrons (Malloch, 1928), Camptotarsopoda (3 spp), Heliographa (6 spp), Limnophora (30+ spp), Lispe (30+ spp), Lispoides aequifrons (Stein, 1898), Neolimnophora maritima (Röder, 1887), N. virgo (Villleneuve, 1906), Pachyceramyia pantherina (Wiedemann, 1824) and Villeneuvia aestuum (Villeneuve, 1902) .

Deviations from state A4 are unusual among limnophorine genera, but involve examples of both loss of ventral setulae and gain of dorsal setulae.

• Spilogona Schnabl, 1911

Examination of 40+ species of Spilogona revealed that the prevalent muscid state A4 is the rule in this large genus, but Michelsen (2021) described S. maderensis from Madeira (Portugal), which exceptionally is setulose dorsally on vein C (state A8).

• Tapantiomyia Michelsen, 2017

The only species, Tapantiomyia enigmatica Michelsen, 2017, is in the male sex (female unknown) unique among Coenosiinae (Michelsen 2017: fig. 6) by the absence of ventral costal setulae, state A0, and further deviates from other Muscidae by the inflated CS1, which is bare except for a single anterior row of tiny, pale setulae.

• Thaumasiochaeta Stein, 1911 (Fig. 17A–B)

The examined four species of Thaumasiochaeta are setulose on the dorsal side of CS1 (state A5).