Key to the species of Onchopelma Hesse

1. Males; eyes holoptic; mesonotum and scutellum almost entirely black to brown........ 2

­ Females; eyes dichoptic; mesonotum and scutellum with yellow; mesonotum with conspicuous patterning.................................................................................................. 3

2. Hind basitarsus with basal hook; abdominal tergites black with yellow fasciae posteriorly ........................................................................................................... pulchellum Hesse

­ Hind basitarsus without basal hook; abdominal tergites IV­VII with black restricted to medial and lateral spots (Fig. 1)................................. brevifasciatum Evenhuis, sp. n.

3. Mesonotum without admedian pale vittae (Fig. 6); occiput with small white spot immediately posterior to ocellar tubercle (Fig. 6)................. nitidum Evenhuis, sp. n.

­ Mesonotum with admedian vittae ..................... .......................................................... 4

4. Coxae black; black color of occiput extending laterally only slightly beyond with of median mesonotal vitta (Fig. 8); first antennal flagellomere subequal in length to scape and pedicel........................................................................................ trilineatum Hesse

­ Coxae yellow; black color of occiput extending laterally well beyond width of mesonotalmedianvitta;firstantennalflagellomerelongerthanscapeandpedicelcombined ..................................................................................................................................... 5

5. Scutellum black on apical margin (Fig. 7) ...................................... pulchellum Hesse

­ Scutellum all yellow, without black apically (some black may be present ventrolaterally in irwini, sp.n.) ..................................................................................................... 6

6. Mesonotal pattern with tear­drop shaped supra alar dark spot (Figs. 2, 3, 5)............... 7

­ Mesonotum without supra alar spot (Fig. 4) .................................... karooanum Hesse

7. Frons black on upper half or more ................................................................................ 8

­ Frons all yellow, black color extending from occiput ends at ocellar triangle (Fig. 5)... ................................................................................................... majus Evenhuis, sp.n.

8. Mesonotum with admedian dark vittae confluent with median vittae posteriorly (Fig. 3); abdominal terga with black transverse bands on segments 1­7, segment 8 yellow (Fig. 3); scutellum with small spot of black color ventrolaterally .................................. ................................................................................................... irwini Evenhuis, sp.n.

­ Mesonotum with admedian dark vittae separate from median vittae posteriorly (Fig. 2); abdominal terga with black transverse bands on segments 1­3, black on remaining segments as medial spots and lateral black spots (Fig. 2); scutellum completely yellow to white...................................................................... brevifasciatum Evenhuis, sp. n.