Pyrops condorinus (Lallemand, 1960) (new country record)

Figs 1A, C, E, G, 2-6

Fulgora spinolae condorina – LALLEMAND, 1960: 7 (described).

Fulgora spinolae f. condorina – LALLEMAND, 1963: 76 (keyed). Pyrops condorina – NAGAI & PORION, 1996: 24 (catalogued); 29 (taxonomic note); pl. 12 fig. 170 (type illustrated).

Pyrops spinolae condorinus – LIANG, 1998: 45 (taxonomic note).

Pyrops condorinus – CONSTANT et al., 2016: 10 (recorded from Cambodia, taxonomy, host plant), fig. 3E – CONSTANT & PHAM, 2022: 131 (catalogued), fig. 4 (type illustrated), fig. 5 (pale winged form illustrated), 138 (keyed).

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS.

The most closely resembling species is Pyrops spinolae (Westwood, 1842), which superficially looks rather similar to the yellow-orange hind winged form of P. condorinus (other hind wings colour forms are immediately separated from P. spinolae based on this character).

From P. spinolae, individuals of P. condorinus can be separated by the following combination of characters:

(1) cephalic process strongly elongate and slender: LPr/BPrH> 8.96 (broader in P. spinolae: LPr/BPrH <8) (Fig. 1 A-B, E-H);

(2) head black or greenish brown. Median carina of mesonotum yellowish orange (median carina of mesonotum black in P. spinolae) (Fig. 1 A-B);

(3) tegmina narrower: LTg/BTg = 2.93; black with light green veins; yellow spots not fused into bands (tegmina broader in P. spinolae: LTg/BTg = 2.53; yellow spots fused into bands) (Fig. 1 C-D);

(4) hind wings variable: orange, yellow or pale blue basally (always bright yellow-orange basally in P. spinolae).

MATERIEL EXAMINED.

HOLOTYPE

VIETNAM • ♂ of Fulgora spinolae f. condorina Lallemand, 1960 (dissected) (Fig. 4); Cochinchine, P. Condore; [8°41′28″N, 106°35′23″E]; 14 Aug. 1924; R. Vitalis de Salvaza leg.; “Cochinchine, P. Condore, le 14.VIII.1924, R. Vitalis de Salvaza”, “Type”, “ Holotype ♂ Fulgora spinolae f. condorina Lallemand, 1960, Jérôme Constant det.”; FSAG.

ADDITIONAL MATERIAL.

THAILAND • 1♂, 1♀; Nakhon Ratchasima, Mu Si District; 14°30’39.9”N 101°22’35.6”E; 24.IX.2019; leg. K. Jiaranaisakul; THNHM • 2♂♂, 2♀♀; Sa Kaeo, Pang Sida National Park; 13°59’50.75”N 102°12’18.68”E; 30.VII.2020; leg. I. Voraphab; DNPT • 2♂♂; Nakhon Ratchasima, Mu Si District; 14°30’39.9”N 101°22’35.6”E; 31.VIII.2020; leg. K. Jiaranaisakul; THNHM .

VIETNAM • 1♂; Kiên Giang Province, Phu Quoc National Park; 10°19′30″N, 103°57′00″ E; 14 Apr. 2013; H.T. Pham leg.; VNMN .

MATERIAL EXAMINED FROM PHOTOGRAPHS.

THAILAND • 1 ex. (Fig. 5A): Chonburi, Chan Ta Ten Waterfall; 3.VI.2013; N. Phansuwan • 1 ex. (Fig. 5 B); Chonburi, Chan Ta Ten Waterfall; 7.VII.2022; K. Jiaranaisakul • 2 ex. (Fig. 5 C); Nakhon Ratchasima, Khao Yai National Park; 4.X.2016; U. Boonyaprakob • 1 ex. (Fig. 5 D); Nakhon Ratchasima, Khao Yai National Park; 13.VII.2017; K. Jiaranaisakul • 1 ex. (Fig. 5 E); Nakhon Ratchasima, Khao Yai National Park; 9.VIII.2020; W. Muttigo • 2 ex. (Fig. 5 F); Nakhon Ratchasima, Khao Yai National Park; 31.VIII.2020; K. Jiaranaisakul • 1 ex. (Fig. 5 G); Sa Kaeo, Pang Sida National Park; VI.2018; P. Dokchan • 1 ex. (Fig. 5 H); Sa Kaeo, Pang Sida National Park; 22.VI.2019; U. Rodprasert • 1 ex. (Fig. 5 I); Sa Kaeo, Pang Sida National Park; 19.VII.2020; K. Jiaranaisakul .

REDESCRIPTION.

Measurements and ratios

TL: ♂ (n = 3): 26.3 mm; ♀ (n = 1): 39.6 mm; TL+process: ♂ (n = 3): 49.3 mm; LTg/BTg = 2.93; BF/BPrH = 2.42; LPr/LF = 3.11; LPr/BPrH = 8.96.

Head: black with greenish brown marking over eyes extending from posterior margin of head along to base of lateral carinae of vertex; frons dark yellow or greenish brown extending from clypeus and including genae, to apex of cephalic process (Fig. 2 C-E). Cephalic process elongated and slender, sometimes slightly straight (Fig. 2 C); more than 2.5 times as long as frons and clypeus combined in perpendicular view of frons (Fig. 2 E). Two longitudinal carinae on frons extending on sides of cephalic process up to apex; median, ventral carina on apical half of cephalic process (Fig. 2 D); apical half slightly dilated and rather broad in lateral view (Fig. 2 C). Frons subquadrate (Fig. 2 E). Clypeus elongated, slightly darker than frons and with smooth median carina (Fig. 2 E).

Thorax: (Fig. 2 C-D) pronotum yellowish orange with broad longitudinal black band along median carina; median carina yellowish orange; side of prothorax with black lines between dorsolateral and lateral carinae, black band directed posteroventrally on ventrolateral lobe under lateral carina. Mesonotum yellowish orange including scutellum, broad black band along median carina with short black markings, median carina yellowish orange. Pro- and mesonotum slightly wrinkled in middle. Tegulae greenish orange.

Tegmina: (Fig. 2A) black with dense network of light green longitudinal and cross veins; corium with three subparallel transverse rows formed with irregular pale orange spots with white rim, subbasal row slightly straight, the next two rows irregular, not fused into bands; membrane with sparse orange spots. Tegmina elongate, broadening from base towards apex, rather narrow, with costal margin broadly rounded, apical margin oblique with angles slightly rounded.

Hind wings: (Figs 2 A-B, 3A-B) bright yellow, orange, or pale blue with apical 1/3 blackbrown, apex slightly rounded. Hind wings broader than tegmina.

Legs: (Fig. 2 B) coxae pale orange brown, femora orange brown turning darker at apex including femorotibial joint; pro- and mesotibiae dark brown, metatibiae pale brown turning darker at the apex. Metatibiae with 5–7 lateral spines.

Abdomen: (Fig. 2 A-B) terga brown; sterna yellowish orange.

Male terminalia: (Fig. 4) Pygofer higher than long, with posterior margin broadly rounded, with a short ventral process directed posteriorly in lateral view (Fig. 4A). Gonostyli (Fig. 4A, C) elongate, 1.6 times longer than high in lateral view, not surpassing apex of anal tube; dorsal and ventral margins broadly rounded; in lateral view, apical margin rounded; fused ventrally on basal 1/5; lateral hooks of gonostyli short, moderately curved and pointing lateroventrally. Aedeagus (Fig. 4 D-G) membranous with pair of elongate ventral endosomal processes widening on distal half (Fig. 4 D, G); connective rod-shaped (Fig. 4 D); tectiductus moderately developed, subtriangular with anterior margin concave in dorsal view, strongly concave ventrally (Fig. 4 D-G). Anal tube (Fig. 4 A-C) elongate and dorsoventrally flattened, 1.16 times longer than broad in dorsal view (about 1.5 times wider than long as broad as long in median line), broadest at 3/4 of total length (Fig. 4 B); lateral margins sinuate (Fig. 4 B) and apical margin deeply, roundly notched in dorsal view (Fig. 4 B-C); anal column elongate and narrow, surpassing anal tube posteriorly (Fig. 4 B-C).

DISTRIBUTION.

Vietnam, Cambodia and Thailand (new country record - Fig.6).

BIOLOGY.

This species was observed on Sandoricum koetjape (Burm.f.) Merr. ( Meliaceae) in Cambodia (CONSTANT et al., 2016) and Acrocarpus fraxinifolius Wight ex Arn. ( Fabaceae) (new host plant record) in Thailand. The specimens from Chonburi Province were observed on an unidentified tree that belongs to the order Sapindales (K. Jiaranaisakul pers. obs.)