Key to Apenesia species (♂)

( Apenesia miki not included)

1. Metapostnotal area mainly polished behind spiracle (Fig. 7C, G, H); metapostnotal median carina absent................ 2

- Metapostnotal area mainly rugulose or foveolate (Fig. 7A, B, D–F); metapostnotal median carina usually present (Fig. 7A, F) .................................................................................................. 11

2. Notaulus present (Fig. 7A, B, I).......................................................................... 3

- Notaulus absent (Fig. 7C)............................................................................... 7

3. Metapectal-propodeal complex long, posterior margin outcurved (Fig. 9D); mesoscutellum elongate; mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus arched (Fig. 9D).................................................... Apenesia laevigata (Evans, 1958)

- Metapectal-propodeal complex short, posterior margin almost straight (Fig. 8H); mesoscutellum not elongate; mesoscutummesoscutellar sulcus weakly arched or straight (Figs 8H, 9I)................................................... 4

4. Notaulus absent posteriorly (Fig. 8H)................................................... Apenesia goela sp. nov.

- Notaulus complete (Fig. 9I)............................................................................. 5

5. Mandible with four teeth (Fig. 6Q); notaulus strongly convergent posteriorly; mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus short and shallow (Fig. 9I); hypopygeal posterior margin straight (Fig. 14L)............... Apenesia singularis Lanes & Azevedo, 2004

- Mandible with one tooth (Fig. 5K); notaulus convergent posteriorly; mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus long and deep (Fig. 7H); hypopygeal posterior margin strongly concave (Fig. 14.F)................................................. 6

6. Eye not bulging (Fig. 2H); dorsal pronotal area long (Fig. 7H); mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus weakly arched (Fig. 7H)................................................................................ Apenesia chandela sp. nov.

- Eye bulging (Fig. 4E); dorsal pronotal area very short (Fig. 9.C); mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus straight (Fig. 9C)..................................................................................... Apenesia kelsiela sp. nov.

7. Dorsal pronotal area very short; mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus short and straight; axilla oval; metapectal-propodeal complex long (Fig. 8A).............................................................. Apenesia colombela sp. nov.

- Dorsal pronotal area long; mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus long and weakly arched; axilla trapezoidal; metapectal-propodeal complex short (Fig. 7G)................................................................................ 8

8. Head wider than long (Fig. 2G); metapostnotal area almost completely polished except narrow strigate anterior area (Fig. 7G); hypopygeal posterior margin almost straight (Fig. 13G).................................... Apenesia celiela sp. nov.

- Head as wide as long (Fig. 2.C); metapostnotal area foveolate or imbricate anteriorly (Figs 7C, 9A, F); hypopygeal posterior margin concave (Fig. 13C).............................................................................. 9

9. Mandible with three teeth (Fig. 6N); cuspis with three calli (Fig. 21C); basivolsella apical inner margin with small projection (Fig. 21A).......................................................................................... 10

- Mandible with four teeth (Fig. 5F); cuspis with two calli (Fig. 15I); basivolsella apical inner margin with large projection (Fig. 15G)............................................................................. Apenesia azeda sp. nov.

10. Metanotal fovea oval; median region of metanotum narrow and transverse; metapostnotum with row of anterior foveae, polished and weakly imbricate Fig. (9A); hypopygeal membrane covering more than half of hypopygium length; hypopygeal lateral margin sinuous (Fig. 14D)...................................................... Apenesia joela sp. nov.

- Metanotal fovea linear; median region of metanotum wide and longitudinal; metapostnotum imbricate and polished (Fig. 9F); hypopygeal membrane not covering half of hypopygium length; hypopygeal lateral margin converging posterad (Fig. 14I).......................................................... Apenesia makiharai (Sawada, Terayama & Mita, 2014)

11. Metapostnotal median carina distinctly present (Figs 8C, 9E).................................................. 12

- Metapostnotal median carina absent (Figs 7E, 7I, 8B)....................................................... 20

12. Notaulus absent or incomplete posteriorly (Fig. 8C)......................................................... 13

- Notalus complete (Fig. 7F)............................................................................. 15

13. Dorsal pronotal area short; metapostnotal median carina short (Fig. 8C); cuspis with one serrate callus (Fig. 18I)............................................................................................ Apenesia esila sp. nov.

- Dorsal pronotal area very short; metapostnotal median carina long (Fig. 9E); cuspis with more than one callus (Fig. 22F).. 14

14. Head nearly rounded with strongly convex vertex (Fig. 4G); notaulus absent or nearly so (Fig. 9E); hypopygeal posterior margin convex (Fig. 14H)...................................................... Apenesia leytensis (Terayama, 1995)

- Head trapezoidal with vertex almost straight (Fig. 2B); notaulus present, incomplete posteriorly (Fig. 7B); hypopygeal posterior margin concave (Fig. 13B)........................................................... Apenesia aniela sp. nov.

15. Head longer than wide (Fig. 2F); mandible with one tooth (Fig. 5I)............................................. 16

- Head nearly as long as wide (Fig. 4B), mandible with four or five teeth (Fig. 6H).................................. 18

16. Head with vertex convex; eye not bulging (Fig. 2F); metapostnotum mostly imbricate; metanotal fovea oval (Fig. 7F)...................................................................................... Apenesia bifiela sp. nov.

- Head with vertex straight or nearly so; eye bulging (Fig. 4D); metapostnotum mostly rugulose; metanotal fovea droppedshaped (Fig. 9B, E)................................................................................... 17

17. Ocellar triangle with proximal edges (Fig. 4D); dorsal pronotal area very short; mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus weakly arched (Fig. 9B); cuspis with two calli (Fig. 21F)......................................... Apenesia juliela sp. nov.

- Ocellar triangle with distal edges (Fig. 5A); dorsal pronotal area short; mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus straight (Fig. 9G); cuspis with one serrate callus (Fig. 23C)................................. Apenesia perlonga Corrêa &Azevedo, 2006

18. Mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus straight and shallow (Fig. 8I); aedeagus with dorsal lobe long and narrow (Fig. 20H)..................................................................................... Apenesia itoiela sp. nov.

- Mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus at least arched, deep or shallow (Fig. 7A, D); aedeagus with dorsal lobe short or, when long, not narrow (Fig. 15B)................................................................................. 19

19. Mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus weakly arched and shallow (Fig. 7A); hypopygium with posterior margin straight, without flap (Fig. 13A); aedeagus with dorsal lobe long and wide (Fig. 15B)........................ Apenesia amenula sp. nov.

- Mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus arched and deep (Fig. 7D); hypopygium with posterior margin concave, with flap (Fig. 13D); aedeagus with dorsal lobe short and wide (Fig. 16B)................................ Apenesia beliella sp. nov.

20. Dorsal pronotal area short or very short (Fig. 7I)............................................................ 21

- Dorsal pronotal area long (Fig. 8E)...................................................................... 24

21. Notaulus complete (Fig. 8B); hypopygeal posterior margin concave (Fig. 13K)................................... 22

- Notaulus incomplete posteriorly (Fig. 7I); hypopygeal posterior margin straight (Fig. 13I)........... Apenesia cila sp. nov.

22. Mandible with one tooth (Fig. 5H); mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus weakly arched (Fig. 7E); hypopygium with flap (Fig. 14A).............................................................................................. 23

- Mandible with three teeth (Fig. 6A); mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus wide and arched (Fig. 8B); hypopygium without flap (Fig. 13K)......................................................................... Apenesia elela sp. nov.

23. Mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus narrow; metanotal fovea poorly impressed; metapectal-propodeal complex with posterior margin almost straight; metapostnotum rugulose, polished and weakly imbricate (Fig. 8G); paraspicular sulcus weakly foveolate; lateral carina of metapectal-propodeal carina absent (Fig. 11F); propodeal declivity polished-foveolate............................................................................................... Apenesia girena sp. nov.

- Mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus wide; metanotal fovea well impressed; metapectal-propodeal complex with posterior margin convex; metapostnotum strigate anteriorly, coriaceous medially, and weakly coriaceous (Fig. 7E); paraspicular sulcus irregularly foveolate; lateral carina of metapectal-propodeal carina present (Fig. 10E); propodeal declivity imbricate............................................................................................ Apenesia berela sp. nov.

24. Metapostnotum texture in trapezoidal area (Fig. 8E)........................................ Apenesia farela sp. nov.

- Metapostnotum texture in triangular area (Figs 8D, 9H)...................................................... 25

25. Notaulus almost parallel (Fig. 8D); cuspis with three calli (Fig. 19C)........................... Apenesia eura sp. nov.

- Notaulus converging posterad (Figs 8F, 9H); cuspis with one or two calli (Fig. 19I)................................ 26

26. Mandible with one tooth (Fig. 6E); mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus wide and deep; metanotal fovea dropped-shaped; metapostnotum rugulose (Fig. 8F); hypopygeal plate short (Fig. 13O)............................. Apenesia gabela sp. nov.

- Mandible with four teeth (Fig. 6P); mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus narrow and shallow; metanotal fovea oval; metapostnotum irregularly foveolate (Fig. 9H); hypopygeal plate long (Fig. 14K)...... Apenesia sahyadrica Azevedo & Waichert, 2006