Key to genera of Panchaetothripinae in Brazil

[*Not currently recorded in Brazil]

1. Fore wings grossly inflated in basal 2/3 (Fig. 3); antennal segment VIII about 3.5 times longer than width of segment II (Fig. 34)...................................................................................... Arachisothrips

-. Fore wings not inflated, generally linear and flat; antennal segment VIII less than 2.0 times longer than width of segment II (Figs 35–47)......................................................................................... 2

2. Fore wings with protruding calosities and surface covered with small tubercles basally (Fig. 91), but with microtrichia distally......................................................................................... Retithrips

-. Fore wings without callosities (Figs 80–90)................................................................ 3

3. Antennal segments III and IV with sense cone simple (Figs 35, 40, 43)........................................... 4

-. Antennal segments III and IV with sense cone forked (Figs 37, 38).............................................. 9

4. Antennae 7-segmented; fore wings broad, reticulate with feather-shaped setae (Fig. 90)…................ Parthenothrips

-. Antennae 6- or 8- segmented; fore wings without reticulation, slender and with setae of different shapes (Figs 80–89)..... 5

5. Body surface almost without reticulation, except for part of metanotum (Figs 48, 68); fore wings with long, dark setae (Figs 6, 7); antennal segment IV prolonged in a tapered apical neck, antennal segment III with long and tapered basal part (Fig 35); tergite X without longitudinal division (Fig. 97)................................................ Brachyurothrips

-. Body surface reticulate, including the head, pro-, meso- and metanotum and abdomen (Figs 49–51, 55–64, 69–79); antennal segments III and IV different; tergite X with full longitudinal division (Figs 103, 106)............................... 6

6. Abdominal tergite II with numerous curved microtrichia laterally (Fig. 105); mesonotum with complete longitudinal division (Figs 66, 72)......................................................................................... 7

-. Abdominal tergite II reticulate laterally (Fig. 104); mesonotum not divided longitudinally (Figs 70, 71, 74–76)........... 8

7. Antennal segments III and IV with sense cone curved around apex of segment, sometimes appearing to be forked (Fig. 40); metanotum with setae on posterior half; terminal setae on tergite X with apex expanded (Fig. 106)............. Elixothrips

-. Antennal segments III and IV usually with sense cone straight; metanotum with long setae ahead of anterior margin, but on anterior half of sclerite (Fig. 66); terminal setae on abdominal tergite X with apex pointed................ Anisopilothrips *

8. Tergite X 2.5 times longer than wide (Fig. 103); median setae of tergites small, distance between their bases more than 5 times their length (Fig. 104); long and polygonal reticles around compound eyes; legs not distinctly paler than body; fore wings curved forward with apex pointed; tarsi 1- or 2-segmented (Figs 93, 94)................................. Dinurothrips

-. Tergite X about as long as wide (Figs 107, 108); median setae on tergites long, distance between their bases equal to their length; reticles around compound eyes not distinct from rest of head sculpture (Fig. 57); body dark, legs usually light yellow (Figs 19–24); fore wing apex rounded; tarsi 1-segment............................................... Heliothrips

9. Tarsi 2-segmented (Fig. 95)............................................................................ 10

-. Tarsi 1-segmented (cf. Fig. 93).......................................................................... 11

10. Antennal segment III with basal stem more than 3 times longer than wide, segments III and IV with sense cone slender (Fig. 36); ocellar area not elevated; two pairs of long postocular setae; head reticulate only posteriorly (Figs 53, 54); tergite X without longitudinal division......................................................................... Bradinothrips

-. Antennae different; ocellar area on an elevation, postocular setae shorter, head strongly reticulate (Figs 58, 59); tergite X with longitudinal division......................................................................... Hercinothrips

11. Tergite II anterolaterally with numerous conspicuous recurved microtrichia (cf. Fig 105); setae on fore wing fusiform and flattened (Figs 88, 89); tergite X asymmetrical, right side shorter than left side (Figs 27, 28, 30); median setae on tergites V–VII slightly curved at apex; tergite VIII with posteromarginal comb complete; antenna 6- or 8-segmented (Figs 45, 46)................................................................................................... Hoodothrips

-. Tergite II without conspicuous recurved microtrichia; setae on fore wing different; tergite X symmetrical; antenna 8-segmented (Figs 37, 38)........................................................................................ 12

12. Head with sub-posteromarginal transverse ridge (Fig. 56)........................................... Helionothrips

-. Head without sub-posteromarginal transverse ridge (Figs 57–64)............................................... 13

13. Metanotum with V-shaped dark area (Fig. 65); fore wings with complete two rows of setae (Fig. 92); pronotum with transverse lines of sculpture............................................................................. Selenothrips

-. Metanotum without such dark area; fore wings with at least one setal row incomplete; pronotum reticulate............. 14

14. Reticles on head and gena with conspicuous internal markings; head with parallel sides (Figs 49–51)......... Caliothrips

-. Reticles on head without internal markings or with few markings posteriorly, head constricted behind eyes and at base (Fig. 62).......................................................................................... Oneilliella