Family Cyprinidae Rafinesque 1815 (Fig. 2M). Carps, Barbs; Carpas, Kois

Description: Body variable, usually slightly elongate and robust; up to 250 cm, usually less than 100 cm, in length; barbels usually present; lips usually thin; plicae or papillae absent; mouth sometimes sucker-like; upper jaw bordered only by premaxilla (i.e., maxilla excluded from gape), usually protrusible; spinelike rays in dorsal fin in some taxa (Nelson et al. 2016, Froese & Pauly 2023). Distribution: Freshwater, very rarely in brackish water; naturally from North America (northern Canada to southern Mexico), Africa and Eurasia, introduced elsewhere (Nelson et al. 2016). One genus and one species in Nicaraguan freshwaters.