Parastephanellus Enderlein, 1906

Figs 1–99

Parastephanus Enderlein, 1905: 474 (not Haeckel, 1881). Type species (by original designation): Stephanus pygmaeus Enderlein, 1901 .

Parastephanellus Enderlein, 1906: 301 (renamed because of homonymy); Aguiar 2004: 64 –72 (catalogue; references); van Achterberg & Quicke 2006: 219 –221; Aguiar & Jennings 2007: 15 -24 (suggest origin of the genus); Hong et al. 2011: 36 – 43 (revision China); Kim & Lee 2012: 174 –177; Chen et al. 2016a: 119 –122. Type species (by original designation): Stephanus pygmaeus Enderlein, 1901 .

Diagnosis. Temple with ivory or pale yellowish streak along eye (Figs 9, 17, 26, 29, 42, 57); occipital carina ventrally parallel to hypostomal carina (Fig. 46); neck short and comparatively robust, without pronotal fold or distinct transverse carinae medially (Figs 4, 5, 13, 36, 47); vein 2-CU1 of fore wing completely developed; veins 2- SR and 2-SR+M of fore wing present, but sometimes unsclerotized and only pigmented; vein 1-SR of fore wing straight and more or less angled with vein 1-M (Figs 3, 35, 62); hind coxa partly flattened dorso-laterally (Fig. 65); outer side of hind tibia with distinct oblique striae or carinae ventrally, rarely without striae or ventral carina (Figs 14, 23, 50, 61, 77); ovipositor sheath entirely black or dark brown, 1.8–2.9 × as long as fore wing and 0.9–1.8 × as long as body (Figs 43, 70); males with cylindrical pygidial process (Figs 58, 86), but absent in females (replaced by a more or less excavated and partly depressed pygidial area: Figs 54, 66, 95).

Distribution. Australasian, Oriental and Palaearctic. The distribution of Chinese species is illustrated in Fig. 100.