Conus (Lividoconus) lischkeanus Weinkauff, 1875

Figs 2, 68–69

Conus lischkeanus Weinkauff, 1875: 311, pl. 56 figs 2–3.

Conus kermadecensis Iredale, 1913: 227, pl. 9 fig. 15.

Calamiconus lischkeanus – Tucker & Tenorio 2013: 256.

Calamiconus kermadecensis – Tucker & Tenorio 2013: 240.

Lividoconus lischkeanus – Monnier et al. 2018a: 1046.

Lividoconus kermadecensis – Monnier et al. 2018a: 1047.

Material examined

24 lots (43 specimens). See Supp. file 1.

Type material

Lectotype (of C. kermadecensis) NEW ZEALAND • 47 mm; Sunday Island, Kermadec Islands; CMC (Fig. 68A).

Figured material

NEW CALEDONIA • 49.9 mm; Norfolk Ridge, Banc P, off New Caledonia, stn DW1727; 23º17′ S, 168º14′ E; 190‒212 m depth; 27 Jun. 2001; NORFOLK 1 expedition; MNHN (Fig. 68B) • 23.8 mm; Norfolk Ridge, Banc Antigonia, off New Caledonia, stn CP1713; 23º22′ S, 168º02′ E; 204‒215 m depth; 26 Jun. 2001; NORFOLK 1 expedition; MNHN (Fig. 68C) • 38.1 mm; Norfolk Ridge, Banc Antigonia, off New Caledonia, stn CP1714; 23º22′ S, 168º03′ E; 257‒269 m depth; 26 Jun. 2001; NORFOLK 1 expedition; MNHN (Fig. 68D) • 21.2 mm; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN (Fig. 68E) • 21.4 mm; Norfolk Ridge, Munida, off New Caledonia, stn DW3109; 23°01′ S, 168°18′ E; 150‒180 m depth; 28 Oct. 2008; TERRASSES expedition; MNHN (Fig. 68F) • 23 mm; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN (Fig. 68G) • 30 mm; along passe Yaté, off New Caledonia, stn DW3866; 22°52′ S, 169°26′ E; 100 m depth; 16 Sep. 2011; EXBODI expedition; MNHN (Fig. 68H) • 14.2 mm; Norfolk Ridge, Banc Antigonia, off New Caledonia, stn DW1712; 23º23′ S, 168º02′ E; 180‒250 m depth; 26 Jun. 2001; NORFOLK 1 expedition; MNHN (Fig. 68I, L) • 16.1 mm; Norfolk Ridge, Banc Antigonia, off New Caledonia, stn DW1712; 23º23′ S, 168º02′ E; 180‒250 m depth; 26 Jun. 2001; NORFOLK 1 expedition; MNHN (Fig. 68J) • 13.3 mm; Norfolk Ridge, Munida, off New Caledonia, stn DW3109; 23°01′ S, 168°18′ E; 150‒180 m depth; 28 Oct. 2008; TERRASSES expedition; MNHN (Fig. 68K) • 19 mm; Pouembout, New Caledonia; 80-90 m depth; Franck Leterrier coll. (Fig. 68M).

Geographical distribution and bathymetry

Very widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific: in the Indian Ocean, Natal and S Madagascar to Gulf of Aden and Oman, and W Australia; in the Pacific Ocean, Japan to Taiwan and Queensland, Solomon

Islands, N New Zealand and Kermadec Islands, intertidal to a depths of 200 m. In New Caledonia, Coral Sea and Loyalty Ridge typically at depths between 200 and 400 m.

Remarks

Moderately small to moderately large (maximum shell length 75 mm) conical to broadly conical shell with a low to moderate spire. Protoconch multispiral of about 3.75 whorls (Fig. 68L). Serrations are absent; terminating cusp is present. Radular tooth (Fig. 68M) with a short barb and blade. The anterior section much longer than the posterior section of the tooth. Waist indistinct. Serrations absent. Terminating cusp and basal spur are present. The specimens from New Caledonia are consistent with the morphological concept of C. kermadecensis Iredale, 1913 . However, in the phylogeny (Fig. 2; Supp. file 3) the specimens from New Caledonia appear mixed with specimens from the Solomon Islands (MNHN-IM-2007-30886 and MNHN-IM-2007-30888), S Madagascar (MNHN-IM-2009-15671) and Oman (KJ549938 = UF292826), all forming a compact clade. Hence, we hereby consider all individuals as representative of one single widespread species, C. lischkeanus, and not ascribed to any particular subspecies.