52. Simulium (Simulium) kisapense Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Ya’cob, 2012

Simulium (Simulium) kisapense: Takaoka et al, 2012d: 1198 –1205 (Female, male, pupa and larva).

This species was described from females, males, pupae and larvae collected from Langkawi Island (Takaoka et al., 2012d). It is characterized by the bare basal section of the female radial vein, the male ventral plate with setae, the eight pupal gill filaments divergent at an angle of 90 degrees or more, and the shoe-shaped cocoon with small lateral window(s).

The pupae and larvae of this species were collected from the river Kisap (width about 10 m, flow moderate,

bed pebbles, water temperature 24.0˚C, exposed to the sun, elevation 42 m, 06˚22’33.9” N, 99˚51’92.4” E), Langkawi Island (Takaka et al., 2012d).