Pineus (Pineus) pini (Macquart, 1819)

Figs 72–75

Diagnosis

Apterae 0.8–1.1 mm, broadly drop-shaped in outline, dark red-brown, embedded in dense, fine wax wool. Wax glands on anterior part of cephaloprothoracic shield (between the eyes) mainly comprising groups of 2–10 facets that are loosely grouped, round in outline. Alatae 1.0– 1.2 mm, reddish black with woolly wax. P. pini prefers open habitats: pine forests, forest clearings and margins, meadows, roadsides etc. Anholocyclic on Pinus . One overwintering generation on thin trunks or twigs and two or more overlapping generations on young shoots. See also P. orientalis below.

Recorded hosts

Pinaceae: Pinus banksiana, mugo *, nigra, pinaster ?, ponderosa, rigida, sylvestris *.

Distribution

D F I N S.