Amphithrax hemphilli (Rathbun, 1892)

(Fig. 9C)

Mithrax hemphilli Rathbun, 1892: 263, pl. 37, fig. 2 [type-locality: Indian Key, Florida; female holotype, USNM 15823]; 1901: 69; 1921: 83; Abele & Kim 1986: 524, 525, fig. 6; Wagner 1990: 23–25, figs. 24–27; Melo 1996: 236, unnumbered fig.; Windsor & Felder 2014: 163; Klompmaker et al. 2015: 3, tab. 1.

Amphithrax hemphilli . — Assugeni et al. 2017: 1630, tab. 1; Windsor & Felder 2017: 232; Poupin 2018: 193, fig. 211; Tavares & Mendonça 2022: 37.

Distribution. Western Atlantic: USA (Florida), Antigua, Guadeloupe, Barbados, Curaçao, Brazil, Rocas Atoll, Fernando de Noronha, Vitória-Trindade Seamount Chain (Dogaressa Bank), Trindade island, and Martin Vaz (Rathbun 1901; Wagner 1990; Rathbun 1933; Melo 1996; Poupin 2018; Tavares & Mendonça 2022).

Material examined. Barbados, Drill Hall, St. Michael, nearshore rubble, 13°04’36.30”N, 59°36’26.63”W, 1 Ô CW: 6.4 mm (BLSZ 161) . Jordans, St. James, nearshore rubble, 13°14’48.24”N, 59°38’40.90”W, 1 Ô CW: 4.5 mm (BLSZ 043) . Idem, 1 Ô CW: 10.8 mm (MZUSP 40885) .

Remarks. Specimens of Amphithrax hemphilli were collected by hand in nearshore rubble habitat at low tide, under rubble rock, on the west coast of Barbados.The Barbados-Antigua Expedition (1918) did not report this species for Barbados; however, the Smithsonian-Hartford Expedition (1937) collected specimens of Mithrax (Mithrax) hemphilli, (one juvenile, USNM 75149; one male, USNM 7518). Additionally, Collins & Morris (1976) reported fossil specimens of Mithrax (Mithrax) hemphilli collected from Pleistocene coral rocks at Highgate, St. Michael, Barbados. Amphithrax hemphilli can be identified by the short, pointed rostrum, which is bifid, the presence of four spines on the basal antennal segment, and two parallel rows of spines on the infra-orbital and antennal regions (Rathbun 1925; Wagner 1990).