Key to Davilla species occurring in Goiás State, Brazil

1. Decumbent subshrubs; inflorescences without branching, or with only one basal branch (Fig 2a–c) .................... Davilla pygmaea

- Upright shrubs or lianas, inflorescences always branching................................................................................................................2

2. Flowers with 1 carpel .........................................................................................................................................................................3

- Flowers with 2 carpels........................................................................................................................................................................4

3. Leaves with tertiary veins lacunose on the abaxial surface; stamens 35–42............................................................ Davilla lacunosa

- Leaves with tertiary veins reticulate on the abaxial surface; stamens 52–78 (Fig 6 a–d)............................................. Davilla nitida

4. Petioles with lateral extensions curved downwards; leaf blade glabrous on the adaxial surface and glabrous or glabrescent on the abaxial surface; flowers with glabrous inner sepals externally (Fig 5 a–c) ......................................................... Davilla grandiflora

- Petioles with flat lateral extensions; leaf blade hirsute or tomentose, rarely glabrescent on the adaxial surface, and tomentose on the abaxial surface; flowers with villous or sericeous inner sepals externally (Fig 4 a–e) ........................................ Davilla elliptica