Myotis sibiricus (Kastshenko, 1905) —Siberian Myotis

Ƒespertilio brandtii Eversmann, 1845 p.505; Type locality- Ural, Russia.

Ƒ. mystacinus sibiricus Kastshenko, 1905 p.25; Type locality- Tomsk, Russia.

Myotis mystacinus: Thomas, 1907a p.404 (Sakhalin, Russia); Ellerman & Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.138; Won, 1968 p.93; Corbet, 1978 p.47; Son, 2001 p.98; Yoon, 2004 p.53; Yoon, 2010 p.23.

M. mystacinus gracilis Ognev, 1927 p.145; Type locality- Vladivostok, Russia; Kuroda, 1938 p.95; Ellerman & Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.140; Won, 1967 p.311; Won, 1968 p.94; Yoon, 1992 p.35; Yoon, 2010 p.23.

M. gracilis: Won, 1958 p.454 .

M. brandtii: Han, 1994 p.45; Won & Smith, 1999 p.13; Jo et al., 2012 p.251.

M. sibiricus: Kruskop et al., 2012 p.1 (Asia) .

M. (Aeorestes) sibirica: Kruskop, 2012 p.99 (Korea) .

Range: The distribution of this common species covers the Korean Peninsula and Jeju Island (Yoon 2010; Fig. 29).

Remarks: Korean populations were regarded as M. mystacinus gracilis Ognev, 1927 (Won 1967) . Although Yoshiyuki (1989) classified the subspecies as a distinct species, M. gracilis, Koopman (1993) treated M. gracilis as a synonym of M. brandtii . Then, Yoon (2010) assigned Korean populations of this species to M. mystacinus gracilis based on size and morphology of the teeth. However, the range of M. mystacinus is restricted to western Eurasia (Hutson et al. 2008) and DNA analysis supported a distribution of M. brandtii in eastern Asia (Kawai et al. 2003). Therefore, Korean subspecies of Siberian myotis subsumed to M. brandtii with two known subspecies, M. brandtii brandtii in Europe, Caucasus and western Siberia and M. b. gracilis in central and eastern Siberia, Mongolia, Korea, Manchuria, and Japan (Benda & Tsytsulina 2000; Tsytsulina 2001). Based on the dorsal profile of skull and morphology of the protoconules of premolar, Yoshiyuki (1989) elevated gracilis to a distinct species, and Horáček et al. (2000) provisionally kept gracilis as a species. Also, Kawai et al. (2006) supported the species M. gracilis because of great genetic distances (0.103 –0.107) between M. brandtii from Europe and M. b. gracilis from Hokkaido, Japan. DNA analysis indicated that M. mystacinus and M. ikonnikovi as Old World Myotis, and both M. brandtii and M. b. gracilis as New World Myotis grouping with American Myotis spp. (Stadelmann et al. 2007). Kruskop et al. (2012) also supported a distinct species from eastern Asia based on molecular markers, but they gave priority to the first name M. sibiricus (Kastshenko, 1905) from Tomsk in central Siberia over M. gracilis from Vladivostok in Russian Far East, which is followed here.