To facilitate identification of the 5 new Neorthopleura species presented herein, I provide a key that amends the one provided in 2013 (OPITZ, 2013: 2); beginning with couplet 16.
16 Elytra mostly yellow or entirely red..................................................................................17
- Elytra entirely black or entirely dark brown......................................................................18
17 Elytral posterior 1/3 rd black (Panama) .................................... Neorthopleura galbina OPITZ
- Elytral posterior 1/3 rd red (Brazil) ................ Neorthopleura rubra OPITZ nov.sp. (Fig. 312)
18 Pronotum red.....................................................................................................................19
- Pronotum black .................................................................................................................23
19 Elytra at least partially red (Trinidad, Venezuela, Brazil) ..................................................... ............................................................................................ Neorthopleura velutina (KLUG)
- Elytra black .......................................................................................................................20
20 Pronotal side margin dark (North America) ........................ Neorthopleura thoracica (SAY) - Pronotal sides not dark ......................................................................................................22
21 Legs testaceous (Mexico)........................ Neorthopleura quintana OPITZ nov.sp. (Fig. 311) - Legs brown........................................................................................................................22
22 Specimens from the West Indies (Cayman Islands, Andros Island, British West Indies) ..... ................................................................. Neorthopleura thomasi OPITZ nov.sp. (Fig. 313)
- Specimens from Brazil ............................. Neorthopleura cuspidis OPITZ nov.sp. (Fig. 310)
23 Specimens from North America or South America...........................................................24 - Specimens not from North or South America ...................................................................25
24 Specimens from North America (USA) .............................. Neorthopleura texana (BLAND)
- Specimens from South America (Ecuador) ................. Neorthopleura guayasenensis OPITZ
25 Specimens from México .............................................................. Neorthopleura baja OPITZ
- Specimens from West Indies.............................................................................................26
26 Collateral branch of male antennomere 10 as long as length of antennomere 10 disc (Fig. 30); female capitular antennomere 10 (Fig. 32) without collateral branch ................... ............................................................................. Neorthopleura subfasciata (CHEVROLAT)
- Collateral branch of male antennomere 10 not as long as length of disc of antennomere 10 ......................................................................................................................................27
27 Pronotum dark brown; specimens from Curacao .................................................................. ................................................................ Neorthopleura turnbowi OPITZ nov.sp. (Fig. 314)
- Pronotum light reddish brown ...........................................................................................28
28 Specimens from the Dominican Republic ............................ Neorthopleura murina (KLUG)
- Specimens from Puerto Rico ............................................ Neorthopleura uncopanda OPITZ