Key to the species of Prosciara from China (males)
1. M1, M2 and Cu1 setose, and Cu2 setose or nonsetose......................................................... 2
- M1, M2, Cu1 and Cu2 nonsetose (Fig. 23 A, B)............................................................. 23
2. Cu2 nonsetose (Fig. 23 C, F)............................................................................. 3
- Cu2 setose (Fig. 23 D, E)............................................................................... 17
3. The dorsal lobe of gonostylus subapical, in ventral aspect the gonostylus does not appear deeply bilobed (Fig. 1 B, 2A, 3A, 4B, 5B, 6B)............................................................................................. 4
- The dorsal lobe of gonostylus well basal from apex, gonostylus appears deeply bilobed (Fig. 7 A, 8B).................. 11
4. Intercoxal lobe of hypopygium indistinct or absent (Fig.1 A, 2B, 3B)............................................. 5
- Intercoxal lobe of hypopygium present and distinct (Fig. 4 A, 5A, 6A)............................................ 7
5. Tegmen wide, megasetae located in one group (Fig. 1 B)...................................... P. oligotricha sp. nov.
- Tegmen narrow, megasetae located separately (Fig. 2 A, 3A).................................................... 6
6. Dorsal lobe of gonostylus visible in ventral view (Fig. 2 A).................................... P. gyracantha sp. nov.
- Dorsal lobe of gonostylus located completely in dorsal side, not visible in ventral view (Fig. 3 A)..... P. hemicrypta sp. nov.
7. Intercoxal lobe of hypopygium short and narrow (Fig. 4 A)....................................... P. angusta sp. nov.
- Intercoxal lobe of hypopygium large (Fig. 5 A, 6A)........................................................... 8
8. Tegmen longer than wide....................................................... P. falcicula Vilkamaa & Hippa
- Tegmen as long as or wider than long...................................................................... 9
9. Apex of dorsal lobe on gonostylus broad, megasetae located nearly in a row (Fig. 5 B)............. P. euryacantha sp. nov.
- Apex of dorsal lobe on gonostylus narrow, megasetae located in a group (Fig. 6 B)................................. 10
10. Dorsal lobe at about the same level as apex of gonostylus, with six megasetae (Fig. 6 B)............. P. ellipsoidea sp. nov.
- Dorsal lobe shifted basad from apex of gonostylus, with four megasetae................. P. latilingula Hippa & Vilkamaa
11. Dorsal lobe of gonostylus located completely in dorsal side, not visible in ventral view........ P. furtiva Vilkamaa & Hippa
- Dorsal lobe of gonostylus visible in ventral view............................................................ 12
12. Intercoxal lobe of hypopygium present and distinct.......................................................... 13
- Intercoxal lobe of hypopygium absent or indistinct (7B, 8A)................................................... 15
13. Apical rim of tegmen complete................................................. P. scopulifera Vilkamaa & Hippa
- Apical rim of tegmen with a break........................................................................ 14
14. The megasetae on dorsal lobe of gonostylus arranged into two pairs.................... P. duplicidens Vilkamaa & Hippa
- The megasetae on dorsal lobe of gonostylus in one group............................ P. megachaeta Hippa & Vilkamaa
15. Megasetae of dorsal lobe on gonostylus located separately.......................... P. pentadactyla Hippa & Vilkamaa
- Megasetae of dorsal lobe on gonostylus in tight bunch (Fig. 7 A, 8B)............................................ 16
16. Dorsal lobe of gonostylus with eight short megasetae (Fig. 7 A)........................... P. pollex Hippa & Vilkamaa
- Dorsal lobe of gonostylus with three long megasetae (Fig. 8 B)................................ .. P. paucispina sp. nov.
17. The dorsal lobe of gonostylus subbasal, its megasetae slender (Fig. 9 A)......................... P. myriacantha sp. nov.
- The dorsal lobe of gonostylus on the apical half or near the middle, its megasetae thick (Fig. 10 B, 11A, 12B, 13A)....... 18
18. The gonostylus slender, nearly parallel–sided, the necks and setae of flagellomeres elongated slightly (Fig. 10 B, 10D)..... 19
- The gonostylus broad, the necks and setae of flagellomeres normal (Fig. 11 D).................................... 20
19. The dorsal lobe of gonostylus shorter than its megasetae (Fig. 10 B)............................ P. columellata sp. nov.
- The dorsal lobe of gonostylus longer than its megasetae.............................. P. crassidens Hippa & Vilkamaa
20. Dorsal lobe at about the same level as apex of gonostylus (Fig. 11 A)......................... P. producta (Tuomikoski)
- Dorsal lobe clearly not at same level as apex of gonostylus (Fig. 12 A, 13A)...................................... 21
21. The dorsal lobe of gonostylus shorter than its megasetae (Fig. 12 B)............................... P. fossulata sp. nov.
- The dorsal lobe of gonostylus much longer than its megasetae (Fig. 13 A)........................................ 22
22. Intercoxal lobe of hypopygium absent (Fig. 13 B)..................................... P. exsecta Vilkamaa & Hippa
- Intercoxal lobe of hypopygium present............................................. P. bisulcata Vilkamaa & Hippa
23. Intercoxal lobe of hypopygium absent (Fig. 14 A, 15B, 16B, 17B).............................................. 24
- Intercoxal lobe of hypopygium present (Fig. 18 A, 19B, 20A, 21A, 22B)......................................... 30
24. The dorsal lobe of gonostylus long, gonostylus deeply bilobed (Fig. 14 B, 15A).................................... 25
- The dorsal lobe of gonostylus short, gonostylus not deeply bilobed (Fig. 16 A, 17A)................................ 29
25. Setae on gonocoxites strong, intercoxal area with a few of strong setae................... P. furcifera Hippa & Vilkamaa
- Setae on gonocoxites weak, intercoxal area with few sete or a group of weak setae................................. 26
26. Megasetae on dorsal lobe of gonostylus in one group........................................................ 27
- One of the megasetae on dorsal lobe of gonostylus more basal in position than the others (Fig. 14 B)................... 28
27. A dorsal lobe abruptly narrowed toward its apex on gonostylus......................... P. latifurca Hippa & Vilkamaa
- A dorsal lobe evenly narrowed toward its apex on gonostylus............................ P. anfracta Vilkamaa & Hippa
28. Dorsal lobe of gonostylus with four megesetae, tegmen wider than long (Fig. 14 A).................................................................................................. P. quadridigitata (Yang, Zhang & Yang, 1995)
- Dorsal lobe of gonostylus with more than five megesetae, tegmen longer than wide (Fig. 15 B).. P. prolixa Vilkamaa & Hippa
29. The gonostylus with three megasetae, arranged in one row (Fig. 16 A).......................... P. ternidigitata sp. nov.
- The gonostylus with six megasetae, arranged in multiple rows (Fig. 17 A)......................... P. globoidea sp. nov.
30. Gonostylus with one subapical and one submedial dorsal lobe (Fig. 18 B)................... P. triloba Hippa & Vilkamaa
- Gonostylus with only one dorsal lobe..................................................................... 31
31. Dorsal lobe of gonostylus with four megasetae, tegmen with lateral membraneous prominence on each side (Fig. 19 B, 20A)..................................................................................................... 32
- Dorsal lobe of gonostylus with more than four megesetae, tegmen without lateral membraneous prominence on each side.. 33
32. The dorsal lobe of gonostylus subapical, with megasetae in two rows (Fig. 19 A)...................... P. sinensis sp. nov.
- The dorsal lobe of gonostylus well basal from apex, with megasetae in one rows (Fig. 20 B).......... P. tetracantha sp. nov.
33. The dorsal lobe of gonostylus subapical, in ventral aspect the gonostylus not deeply bilobed (Fig. 21B)..................................................................................................... P. longispina sp. nov.
- The dorsal lobe of gonostylus well basal from apex, in ventral aspect gonostylus deeply bilobed (Fig. 22 A)............. 34
34. Intercoxal lobe of hypopygium inflated (Fig. 22 B)............................................ P. extumida sp. nov.
- Intercoxal lobe of hypopygium not inflated................................................................35
35. Dorsal lobe of gonostylus with eight megesetae...................................... P. meracula Vilkamaa & Hippa
- Dorsal lobe of gonostylus with more than ten megesetae............................... P. d e c a m e r a Hippa & Vilkamaa