Key to the males of Brasineura species, modified from Silva-Neto et al. (2018)

1. Phallosomal side struts proximally not fused (Figs 7, 21)...................................................... 2

-. Phallosomal side struts proximally fused (Figs 28 –32 in Silva-Neto et al. 2018).................................... 3

2. Hypandrium without a projection in the middle (Fig.6); phallosome with two pairs of endophallic sclerites, external parameres distally forked (Fig. 7)....................................................................... B.calori sp. n.

-. Hypandrium with a projection in the middle (Fig. 20); phallosome with three pairs of endophallic sclerites, external parameres distally not forked (Fig. 21)............................................................... B. morrense sp. n.

3. External parameres distally not forked (Figs 28, 31 in Silva-Neto et al. 2018)...................................... 4

-. External parameres distally forked (Figs 29, 30, 32 in Silva-Neto et al. 2018)...................................... 5

4. Antero-mesal pair of endophallic sclerites sinuous, with a row of tiny spines in the middle, and distally acuminate; external parameres distally with a small area more sclerotized, almost triangular (Fig. 28 in Silva-Neto et al. 2018)........................................................................................................ B. diamantina

-. Antero-mesal pair of endophallic sclerites bow-shaped, without spines and distally not acuminate; external parameres distally with an acuminate projection, curved outwards (Fig. 31 in Silva-Neto et al. 2018)............................ B. jiboia

5. Phallobase with numerous small tripartite structures, spine-like; antero-mesal pair of endophallic sclerites short, stout and arising in the middle of the phallosome (Fig. 32 in Silva-Neto et al. 2018).................................... B. spinosa

-. Phallobase without spine-like structures; antero-mesal pair of endophallic sclerites long, slender and arising in the region of the phallobase........................................................................................... 6

6. Hypandrium with a projection in the middle (Fig. 6 in Silva-Neto et al. 2016); external parameres distally with three acuminate projections (Fig. 30 in Silva-Neto et a l. 2018); paraprocts elongate, distally curved outwards (Fig. 5 in Silva-Neto et al. 2016c)................................................................................. B. serranortensis

-. Hypandrium without a projection in the middle (Fig. 13 in Silva-Neto & García Aldrete 2015); external parameres distally with two acuminate projections (Fig. 29 in Silva-Neto et al. 2018); paraprocts not elongate, distally not curved outwards (Fig. 12 in Silva-Neto & García Aldrete 2015 ............................................................. B. troglophilica