Morphosphaera sumatrana Jacoby

(Figs 22–23)

Morphosphaera sumatrana Jacoby, 1886: 60 (Indonesia: Sumatra); Weise, 1924: 129 (list); Laboissière, 1930: (list); Wilcox, 1971: 220 (list); Kimoto, 1990: 216 (list); Mohamedsaid, 1996: 3 (Indonesia: Java); Reid, 1998: 286 (Java); Mohamedsaid, 1999: 134 (Malaysia: Sabah); Mohamedsaid & Holloway, 1999: 167 (list); Mohamedsaid, 2004: 83 (list).

Morphosphaera cavaleriei Laboissière, 1930: 363 (China: Guizhou, Yunnan); Gressitt & Kimoto, 1963a: 557 (list); Wilcox, 1971: 218 (list); Weidner, 1976: 226 (catalogue of types at ZMUH); Yang, 1992: 572 (Hunan); Yang, 1992b: 340 (Hubei); Wang & Yang, 1998: 102 (Fujian); Yang, 2002: 643 (Fujian); Zhang et al., 2005: 278 (Guizhou); Wang & Yang, 2006: 140 (Gansu); Beenen, 2010: 462 (list), Yang et al., 2015: 189 (key, list). New synonym

Morphosphaera cincticollis Laboissière, 1930: 364 (China: Guizhou); Gressitt and Kimoto, 1963a: 557 (list); Wilcox, 1971: 219 (list); Beenen, 2010: 462 (list); Yang et al., 2015: 189 (key), 190 (list). New synonym

Morphosphaera marginata Laboissière, 1930: 366 (Indonesia: Java); Wilcox, 1971: 220 (list); Weidner, 1976: 226 (catalogue of types at ZMUH); Kimoto, 1990: 216 (list); Reid, 1998: 286 (Java). New synonym

Morphosphaera purpurea Laboissière, 1930: 362 (China: Yunnan); Gressitt and Kimoto, 1963a: 560 (list); Wilcox, 1971: 220 (list); Weidner, 1976: 226 (catalogue of types at ZMUH); Beenen, 2010: 462 (list); Yang et al., 2015: 189 (key), 190 (list). New synonym

Morphosphaera japonica: Maulik, 1936 (India: Assam). Misidentification

Morphosphaera gingkoae Gressitt & Kimoto, 1963a: 557 (China: Hubei); Wilcox, 1971: 219 (list); Beenen, 2010: 462 (list); Ya ng et al., 2015: 189 (key), 190 (list). New synonym

Morphosphaera metallescens Gressitt & Kimoto, 1963a: 559 (China: Sichuan, Xizang); Wilcox, 1971: 220 (list); Beenen, 2010: 462 (list); Yang et al., 2015: 189 (key), 190 (list). New synonym

Type material. Morphosphaera sumatrana . Lectotype ♀ (MCSN), here designated, labeled: “Sumatra / M te Singalang / Luglio 1878 / O. Beccari [p, w] // Typus [p, w, red letters] // Morphosphaera / sumatrana Jac [h, b] // HOLOTYPUS [p] / Morphosphaera / sumatrana / Jacoby, 1886 [h, r] // Museo Civico / di Genova [p, w]”. Paralectotype: 1♀ (MZCZ): “Sumatra / M te Singalang / Luglio 1878 / O Beccari [p, w] // 1st Jacoby / Coll. [p, w] / / sumatrana / Jac [h, b] // Type [p] / 18202 [h, r]”.

Morphosphaera cavaleriei . Lectotype ♀ (MNHN), here designated, labeled: “MUSEUM PARIS / KOUY- TCHÉOU / RÉG. DE PIN-FA / PERE CAVALERIE 1909 [p, w] // TYPE [p, w, red letters] // Morphosphaera / Cavaleriei m [h] / V. Laboissière—Dét [p, w]. Paralectotype: 1 ex. (ZMUH): “Yunan / Fou [h, w] // TYPE [p, w, red letters] // Morphosphaera / Cavaleriei m [h] / V. Laboissière—Dét [p, w] // Le Moult Vend / via Reinbek / Eing Nr. 1, 1957 [p, w]”.

Morphosphaera cincticollis . Holotype ♀ (MNHN, by monotypus), labeled: “MUSEUM PARIS / KOUY- TCHÉOU / KUOY YANG / P. P. CAVALERIE / ET FORTUNAT 1906 [p, w] // TYPE [p, w, red letters] // Morphosphaera / cincticollis m [h] / V. Laboissière—Dét [p, w].

Morphosphaera marginata . Lectotype ♀ (IRSB), here designated, labeled: “ Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B. / Java [p, y] // L. G. E. Kalshoven [p] / Gadoengan / 19-10-24 [p, w, glued on the previous label] // Morphosphaera / marginata / in 1930 [h] / V. Laboissière—Dét [p, w] // Para- / type [p, r]” . Paralectotype: 1 ex. (ZMUH, sex undetermined): “ Mts Kawie / Pasoeroean / Java . [p, w] // TYPE [p, w, red letters] // Morphosphaera / marginata / m [h] / V. Laboissière—Dét [p, w] // Le Moult vend. / via Reinbek / Eing. Nr 1, 1957 [p, w]”.

Morphosphaera purpurea . Lectotype 1 ex. (ZMUH, sex undetermined), here designated, labeled: “Yunnan [p, w] // TYPE [p, w, red letters] // Morphosphaera / purpurea m [h] / V. Laboissière—Dét [p, w] // Le Moult Vend / via Reinbek / Eing Nr. 1, 1957 [p, w]”. Paralectotypes: 1 ex. (IRSB): “ Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B. / Chine (p, y) // DJOU KOU LA / YUNNAN / Coll. de Touzalin [p, w; glued on previous label] // Morphosphaera / purpurea m [h] / V. Laboissière—Dét [p] / 1924 [h, w] // Para- / type [p, r]”; 1♀ (IRSB): Pe Yen Tsin / Yunnan [p, w] // Morphosphaera / purpurea m / paratype [h] / V. LABOISSIÈRE—DÉT. [p, w] // Para- / type [p, r] // cf. Ann. Soc. Ent. / Fr., [p] 1930 / p. 362–363 [h, w] // R. Mus. Hist. Nat. / Belg. I. G. 12. 752 [p, w]”; 1 ex. (MNHN): “MUSEUM PARIS / YUNNAN / S.—O 24°N / PE-YEN-TSIN / MINES DE SEL / PERE SIMÉON TEN / P. GUERRY 1924 [p, w] // AVRIL [p, w] // TYPE [p, w, red letters] // Morphosphaera / purpurea m [h] / V. Laboissière—Dét [p] / 1927 [h, w]”.

Morphosphaera gingkoae . Holotype ♀ (CAS), labeled: “Suisapa, 1000 M, / Lichuan Distr. / W. Hupeh, China / VII- [p] 28 [h] -48 [p, w] // 2452 [h, w] // HOLOTYPE [p] / Morphosphaera / gingkoae [h] / Gressitt & Kimoto [p, r] // Morphosphaera / gingkoae / G & K [h] / J. L Gressitt det. [p, w] // California Academy / of Sciences / Type No. [p] 13288 [h, w]”. Paratype: 1Ƌ (BPBM): “Suisapa, 1000 M, / Lichuan Distr. / W. Hupeh, China / VII- [p] 25 [h] -48 [p, w] // ♀ [h, w] // ALLOTYPE / Morphosphaera / gingkoae [h] / J. L. Gressitt [p, r] // Morphosphaera / gingkoae / ♀ Gress. + Kim. [h, w] / Gressitt & Kimoto det. 196 [p] 2 [h, w]”.

Morphosphaera metallescens . Paratypes: 1♀ (CAS): “Mt. Omei / Szechuan, China / VII-16-32 / Franck, Coll. [p, w] // F. C. Hadden / Collection [p, w] // PARATYPE [p] / Morphosphaera / metallescens [h] / Gressitt & Kimoto [p, y]”; 1♀ (BMNH): “Para- / type [p, r, circle label with yellow border] // W. of Suifu / Toshii Giang / on Yangtze R. [h, w] // Brit. Mus. / 1963-245. [p, w] // Szechuan CHINA [p] ’29 [h] / DC Graham [p, w] // US [p, w] // PARATYPE [p] / Morphosphaera / metallescens [h] / Gressitt & Kimoto [p, y]”.

Description. Length 7.6–11.4 mm, width 4.8–6.9 mm. Elytron yellowish, brown, or reddish brown, with or without purple reflection; head black; meso- and metathoracic ventrites reddish brown; leg black, but sometimes femur yellowish brown; abdomen brown, with one pair of black spots midway between median line and lateral margin or near lateral margin, sometimes extending inwards and joined, sometimes reduced (Figs 22 A–22C); prothorax yellowish brown, pronotum with two pairs of large black spots in a transverse line across disc, inner pair smaller, as well as a small black spot on median line slightly anterior to basal margin, with black area along basal margin, laterally attenuated (Fig. 22 D). Antenna filiform (Fig. 23 A), 0.5x as long as body; length ratios of antennomeres II to XI about 1.0: 1.4: 2.1: 1.9: 1.8: 1.8: 1.8: 1.8: 1.8: 2.2, and length to width ratios of antennomeres II to XI about 1.6: 1.8: 2.7: 2.5: 2.4: 2.4: 2.4: 2.5: 2.6: 3.2. Aedeagus (Figs 23 B–23C) slender in dorsal view, about 8.1x longer than wide, parallel-sided, apex tubelike; ventral surface well sclerotized and smooth; wide and moderately curved in lateral view; apex of endophallic sclerites bifurcate and directed outwards; apicolateral process bifurcate; with one pair of processes erect and recurved outwards at apical 1/3; base tubelike. Gonocoxae reduced. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 23 D) with short spiculum; apex transverse and depressed at median line; apical area with short and long scattered, mixed setae. Receptacle of spermatheca (Fig. 23 E) elongate and slightly swollen, pump narrower and strongly curved, proximal spermathecal duct long and narrow.

Diagnosis. See diagnosis of M. coomani . In addition, some individuals have reddish brown elytra with strongly purple reflections similar to M. japonica . However, those species can be distinguished by the yellowish brown thoracic ventrites and femora.

Remarks. Specimens from Java have the darkened meso- and metathoracic ventrites and femora and lack purple elytral reflections. The elytra of this species is variable (yellow borwn, brown, reddish brown; with or without purple reflection), and head (black, blackish brown, or dark brown), which misled Laboissière (1930) and Gressitt & Kimoto (1963b), resulting in many synonyms.

Host plant. Unknown. Although types of M. gingkoae were collected on Gingko biloba L. ( Ginkgoaceae) (Gressitt & Kimoto 1963), this is unlikely to be the host plant.

Other material examined. BHUTAN. 1 ex., Wandi Phodr’a, 1972 (NHMB); CHINA. Jiangxi: 1 ex., Kiukiang, leg. W. H. Muche (MTD) ; Sichuan: 2 exs., Daiwopu, 22.VI.2013, leg. native collector (TARI) ; 1 ex., Jinsha riv., Jinjian, 4.VII.1995, leg. Bolm (NHMB) ; Yunnan: 1 ex., leg. W. H. Muche (MTD); 1Ƌ, Ruili, 1.IX.2014, leg. native collector (TARI) ; 1♀, Shilin, 60km SE Kuming, 3–4.VII.1990, leg. D. Král (NHMB) ; 3 exs., same but with “leg. V. Kubáň” (NHMB); 1 ex., Xishuangbanna, Jinghong city, Mekong, 10.XII.2007, leg. Ufer (NME) ; INDIA. Bengal: 1 ex., 1919, leg. G. Bryant (BMNH) ; Darjeeling: 1 ex., Lebong, 8.V.1975, leg. W. Wittmer (NHMB) ; 1 ex., Lopchu, 4.V.1976, leg. W. Wittmer (NHMB) ; Uttarakhand: Kumaon: 3 exs., W. Almora, VI.1917, leg. H. G. Champion (BMNH) ; 1 ex., Nainital Divn., IX.1917, leg. H. G. Champion (BMNH); INDONESIA. Java: 1 ex., Banjoewangi, 1910, leg. Mac Gillavry (RMNH) ; 2 exs., Melang, leg. A. Kaller (RMNH) ; 2 exs., Piep. (= Piepers) (RMNH); 4 exs., Preanger, leg. P. F. Sijthoff (RMNH) ; 1 ex., Puncak Pass, 22.III.1993, leg. Y. Miyake (SEHU) ; 1ex., Puncak Pass SE Bogor, Telaga Wama, 1400 m, 1.VIII.1994, leg. Schh (NMW) ; 1Ƌ, Tenģģer Gbģ, 4000’, leg. S. Fruhstorfer (MNHUB) ; 1 ex., Tjibodas, V–VIII.1897, leg. Hjalmar Möller (MZLU) ; 1♀, Tjibodas, M s Gedeh, III.1900, leg. S. G. Axel Preyer (MNHUB) ; 1 ex., Tjinjirocan, Gouv. Kina-Ondera, 1700 m, III.1910, leg. H. W. Waels (RMNH) ; 3 ex., leg. Jacoby (BMNH); Sumatra: 1 ex., For de Kock, 920 m, XII.1921, leg. E. Jacobson (RMNH) ; 1Ƌ, 2♀♀, Padang, Bovenland, 26–28.XII.1908, leg. S. G. Schoede (MNHUB) ; 1 ex., Palembang, leg. M. Knappert (RMNH); 1 ex., Si-Rambe, XII.1890 - II.1891, leg. E. Modigliani (MCSN); 1 ex., Tapanoeli (= Tapanuli), leg. A.L.v.H. (= A. L. van Hasselt) (RMNH); 2 exs., 1907, leg. C. Felsche (MTD); LAOS. Louangnamtha: 1 ex., Namtha-Muang Sing, 5–31.V.1997, leg. V. Kubáň (NHMB) ; MALAYSIA. Pahang: 1 ex., Cameron Highlands, Tanah Rata, 4–9.II.2001, leg. P. Pacholátko (NHMB) ; NEPAL. 1 ex., Annapurna Himal Jhinu vill., 15.VI.2000, leg. J. Schmidt (NME) ; Dailekh: 4 exs., N. Dailekh, 1–2.VI.1998, leg. W. Schawaller (SMNS) ; 1 ex., same but with “leg. G. Miksch (SMNS); Karnali / Humla: 12– 10 km S Simikot, Raya-Humla Karnali, 9.VII.2001, leg. A. Weigei (NME) ; 1 ex., same but with “leg. A. Kopetz (NME); Dhankuta: Hile, 20–23.VI.2013, leg. E. Kucera (RBCN) ; Kathmadu: 2 exs., Phulchoki, 1800 m, 18.VII.2001, leg. F. Creutzburg (NME) ; Kosi: 2 exs., Pakhribas—Mangmaya, 29.V.2001 (NHMB) ; 1 ex., Waku-Sakranti-Thaklung, 10.VI.1985, leg. M. Brancucci (NHMB); Mechi: 1 ex., Dobhan, 7.VI.1985, leg. M. Brancucci (NHMB) ; 2 exs., Gorza—Dobhan, 6.VI.1985, leg. M. Brancucci (NHMB) ; 1 ex., Gorza, 5–6.VI.1985, leg. M. Brancucci (NHMB) ; Sankhua Sabha: 1 ex., Arun Valley, Hile-Arun R., 26.V.1983, leg. M. Brancucci (NHMB) ; 1 ex., Arun Valley, Khandsbari-Bhotebas, 5.VI.1988, leg. Lebisch & Probst (SMNS) ; THAILAND: 1 ex., Chiangmai Prov., Chiangdao, 5–11.IV.1958, leg. J. L. Gressitt (BPBM) ; VIETNAM. 2 exs., Buonloi, 1982, leg. L. Medvedev (NHMB, ZSM) ; 3 exs., Cúc-phuong, 13– 24.XII.1965, leg. T. Pócs (MCSN, NHMB) ; 1 ex., Na hang, 160 km NNW Hanoi, 2–9.VI.1996, leg. A. Napolov (NME) ; 3 exs., Tam Dao, 27.V.–2.VI.1986, leg. J. Rybníček (NHMB) ; 3 exs., same but with “leg. J. Horák (NHMB); 3 exs., same locality, 13–24.V.1989, leg. A. Olexa (NHMB); 6 exs., same locality, 12–24.V.1989, leg. Pacholátko (NHMB); 1 ex., same locality, V.1990, leg. J. Picka (NHMB); 1 ex., same locality, 6–9.V.1990, leg. V. Kubáň (NHMB); 1 ex., same but with “leg. Pacholátko” (NHMB); 1 ex., same locality, 17–21.V.1990, leg. J. Horák (NHMB); 1 ex., same locality, 1–8.VI.1996, leg. Pacholátko & Dembický (SMNS); 1 ex., same locality, 2– 5.V.2013, leg. A. Weigel (NME); 1 ex., vic. Vin Den, Nui Pia Oac Nature Res., 6–10.V.2013, leg. A. Weigel (NME) .

Distribution. Bhutan, China (Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Xizang), India (Uttarakhand, West Bengal), Indonesia (Java, Sumatra), Laos, Malaysia (Pahang, Sabah), Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam. Wang & Yang (1998) listed M. cavaleriei from Fujian. Beenen (2010) and Yang et al. (2015) listed also from China (Fujian).