False Mussurana,

Boiruna maculata (Boulenger, 1896)

A subadult (Fig. 16) photographed on 7 November 2023 at Compañía Ñaumby, Boquerón – Caazapá, Caazapá department (26°12’53.3’’S 56°15’32.5’’W) by Virgilio Ramírez Sosa, is the first record for the department. The red and black colouration of immature specimens is diagnostic (Cacciali 2024). This is a widespread species in the Chaco and watersheds of the Paraguay and Paraná Rivers and has now been reported from Alto Paraguay, Boquerón, Caazapá, Central, Itapúa, Misiones, Ñeembucú, Presidente Hayes and San Pedro departments (Cacciali et al., 2016b; Atkinson et al., 2017; Hicks et al., 2022). It is considered to be of “Least Concern” in Paraguay (Martínez et al., 2020c).