Pheidole parva Mayr, 1865

Material examined. Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, along path, 22 Sep 2016, W. Wang leg., ZRC _ ENT00000894 ; Kranji Road, 1.42638, 103.75413, 8-10 Nov 2016, G.W. Yong leg., KR9GPa1492, ZRC _HYM_0001774; males and workers, Prince George’s Park Residences (NUS), 1.292389, 103.774583, Apr-Aug 2015, M.S. Foo & W. Wang leg., malaise trap, ZRC _BDP (multiple); males and workers, University Town (NUS), 1.30622, 103.77458, Apr-Sep 2015, M.S. Foo & W. Wang leg., malaise trap, ZRC _BDP (multiple); male, Pulau Semakau New Fragment, SMN1, 1°12’03.1”N, 103°45’45.4”E, 25 Oct- 1 Nov 2012, J. Puniamoorthy et al. leg., malaise trap, Reg. 29547, ZRC _ BDP0016131 ; alate queen, Pulau Semakau Old Fragment, SMO3, 1°12’23.9”N, 103°45’37.6”E, 13-20 Aug 2012, J. Puniamoorthy et al. leg., malaise trap, Reg. 29435 ZRC _ BDP0016540 .

Material not physically examined. Unknown.

Literature. Man & Lee (2012); Tan & Corlett (2012); Wang et al. (2018a).

Localities. Bukit Timah Nature Reserve; Kranji Road; National University of Singapore campus (Clementi/Kent Ridge, multiple sites); Pulau Semakau.

Habitat/Ecology. This tiny and inconspicuous species was found in a wide variety of habitats, mostly highly disturbed areas including young waste woodland secondary forest fragments and cultivated parks/gardens in urban or semi-urban settings. These ants have also been reported in mangroves, open grasslands, trailside along forest edges, and even on impervious surfaces in residential areas and other man-made infrastructure (see Tan & Corlett 2012). Individuals were often found in soil and leaf litter, in rotting wood, under stones or root mats.

Remarks. Pheidole parva is a relatively widespread species presumed native to the Indomalayan bioregion and introduced outside thereof (Sarnat et al. 2015). It appears welladapted to human-dominated environments, and is considered invasive in parts of the Old World (Fischer & Fisher 2013). The species has been suggested to have potential to becoming indoor nuisance pests where they occur in large numbers (Man & Lee 2012; Sarnat et al. 2015)